ABSTRACT
Introdução: uma das queixas apresentadas por pacientes portadores de prótese ocular é o desconforto, causado pela presença de secreção contaminada na cavidade anoftálmica. Objetivo: o intuito de minimizar este quadro e, baseados em estudos sobre os efeitos e propriedades antiinflamatórias, antibióticas e analgésicas do Aloe vera, os autores propõem, através de um estudo prospectivo, a análise da ação deste fitoterápico. Metodologia: foram selecionados 30 pacientes portadores de prótese ocular apresentando inflamação, exsudato, dor e/ou desconforto, não usuários de qualquer tipode medicamento tópico. Receberam um frasco conta gotas contendo Aloe vera, diluído em soro fisiológico na proporção de 1:1, devendo aplicar 2 gotas, 3 vezes ao dia durante 4 semanas; comparecendo ao Ambulatório de Prótese Buco Maxilo Facial da FOUSP para avaliação semanal. Foi aplicado um questionário auto-afirmativo em que os participantes da pesquisa avaliaram sua melhora atribuindo nota de 0 a 10.Resultado: observou-se que 93,3% dos pacientes obtiveram melhora com eliminação da secreção e inflamação e destes, 46,6% relataram melhora já na segunda semana;6,6% não conseguiram concluir a pesquisa por motivos diversos. Conclusão: foi observado que a aplicação do Aloe vera, quando seguida a recomendação, demonstrou ser eficaz no controle das afecções da cavidade anoftálmica.
Introduction: one of the complaints made by patients with ocular prosthesis is the discomfort caused by the presence of infected secretions in the patients. Aim: in order to minimize this framework and based on studies of the effects and anti-inflammatory properties, antibiotic and analgesic properties of Aloe vera, the authors propose, through a prospective study, the analysis of action of this herbal medicine.Methodology: it was selected 30 patients with ocular prosthesis showing inflammation, exudate, pain or discomfort, not users of any type of medicine topic. Received a dropper bottle containing Aloe vera, diluted in saline at a ratio of 1:1, and apply 2 drops, 3 times daily for 4 weeks, attending the Clinic of Maxillofacial Prosthesis FOUSP for the weekly evaluation. It was applied a self-administered so that the research participants rated their improvement by assigning a score from0 to 10. Results: it was observed that 93.3% of patients improved with the elimination of inflammation and secretion of these, 46.6% reported improvement in the second week, 6.6% could not complete the study for various reasons. Conclusion: the application of Aloe vera, when followed the recommendation has proved effective in controlling diseases of the patients.
Subject(s)
Humans , Aloe , Orbital Diseases/drug therapy , Endophthalmitis/drug therapy , Eye, Artificial/adverse effects , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Eye Infections/drug therapy , Phytotherapeutic Drugs , Prospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
This section provides guidelines on medical therapy of patients with infectious keratitis. In addition to initial empirical therapy, preferred medications, once the organisms responsible are isolated, are discussed. Atypical mycobacterial keratitis following lasik is described. General guidelines for supportive therapy and follow-up, of these patients are presented. Clinical response to treatment and indications for intervention are discussed. Possible causes and approach to cases refractory to medical therapy are discussed.
Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents/therapeutic use , Corneal Ulcer/drug therapy , Eye Infections/drug therapy , Humans , Practice Guidelines as TopicABSTRACT
To investigate the penetration of cefixime and ciprofloxacin to the rabbit eye on the basis of microbial inhibition of aqueous and vitreous humour after oral administration. In this experimental study, 36 rabbits [72 eyes] were randomly divided into two groups; group A consisted of 20 rabbits and group B 16 rabbits. Each group was divided into four equal subgroups. The rabbits in each subgroup of group A received 4, 8, 12, and 20 mg/kg of syrup of cefixime every 12 hr respectively and the rabbits in each subgroup of group B received 20, 40, 60, and 80 mg/kg tablet of ciprofloxacin respectively every 12 hr. Immediately after the first dose of the drugs, the anterior chamber of one eye was irrigated randomly by 30-40 cc of ringer lactate solution alongside with mild traumatization of iris. Then by 4, 8, 12, 24 and 72 hr intervals after the 3rd dose, 0.1 cc of aqueous, 0.2-0.5 cc of vitreous, 3 cc of blood and one standard disk of the used antibiotic was placed on culture media of a known bacteria which was completely sensitive to the respective antibiotic. Forty eight hours later, the microbial inhibition zone of each sample and the standard disk of antibiotic were compared. No microbial inhibition was seen by sample of aqueous and vitreous, although very large zone of inhibition was seen by blood sample and standard disk of antibiotic. It seems that oral cefixime and ciprofloxacin do not produce an effective dose for microbial inhibition in rabbit eye
Subject(s)
Animals, Laboratory , Aqueous Humor/drug effects , Vitreous Body/drug effects , Cefixime/administration & dosage , Ciprofloxacin/pharmacokinetics , Ciprofloxacin/administration & dosage , Administration, Oral , Anterior Chamber , Culture Media , Eye Infections/drug therapy , RabbitsABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Avaliar as condições oftalmológicas atuais de pacientes com síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida (SIDA), previamente avaliados por oftalmologista, levando em consideração algumas características gerais relacionada com essa doença. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional de 42 pacientes com SIDA, subdivididos em dois grupos: Grupo I: 8 pacientes com SIDA e diagnóstico prévio de retinite por citomegalovírus; Grupo II: 34 pacientes com SIDA sem retinite por citomegalovírus. Os dados gerais relacionados com a SIDA foram obtidos pela análise dos prontuários médicos. RESULTADOS: A maioria dos pacientes apresentou acuidade visual no melhor olho entre logMAR 0,0 (68,3 por cento) e 0,1 (26,9 por cento). Prescrição óptica para longe beneficiou 39,4 por cento dos pacientes do Grupo II mas nenhum dos paciente do Grupo I. Presbiopia foi corrigida em 27,3 por cento no Grupo II e 12,5 por cento no Grupo I. Não foram encontradas manifestações oculares atuais relacionadas a SIDA em nenhum dos grupos. As alterações fundoscópicas encontradas em 10 pacientes foram todas alterações cicatriciais de retinite/retinocoroidite, sendo 7 (16,7 por cento) pacientes pertencentes ao Grupo I e 3 (7,1 por cento) pacientes pertencentes ao Grupo II. CONCLUSÃO: Dez (24,4 por cento) pacientes apresentaram alteração visual decorrente do envelhecimento. Com exceção dos pacientes com cicatrizes prévias de retinite ou retinocoroidite, todos os outros participantes estavam em boas condições oftalmológicas e a maioria dos mesmos se encontrava em recuperação imunológica, devido ao uso da terapia anti-retroviral de alta potência.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the ophthalmologic conditions of patients with AIDS, with long-term follow-up, previously evaluated by an ophthalmologist, considering general conditions related with AIDS. METHODS: Observational study of 42 patients with AIDS divided into two groups: Group I: 8 patients with previous AIDS-related cytomegalovirus retinitis, Group II: 34 patients with AIDS without cytomegalovirus retinitis. Each patient had been submitted to one ophthalmologic examination. General data of the patients were obtained from the medical records. RESULTS: The majority of the patients presented visual acuity in the best eye between logMAR 0.0 (68.3 percent) and 0.1 (26.9 percent). Optic prescription for refractive errors benefited 39.4 percent of the patients in Group II but none of the patients in Group I. Presbyopia was corrected in 27.3 percent of Group II and in 12.5 percent of Group I patients. No current ocular AIDS-related manifestations were detected in any group. Ocular posterior segment alterations, all of them consisting of retinitis / retinochoroiditis scars, were found in 10 patients, 7 (16.7 percent) belonging to Group I and 3 (7.1 percent) to Group II. CONCLUSION: Ten (24.4 percent) patients presented visual alteration due to age. Except for the patients presenting previous retinitis and retinochoroiditis, all the other patients were in good ophthalmic conditions and most of them were in immunologic recovery due to the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Eye Diseases/etiology , HIV Infections/complications , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/drug therapy , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/etiology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Eye Diseases/drug therapy , Eye Infections/drug therapy , Eye Infections/etiology , Eye Neoplasms/etiology , Fundus Oculi , Retrospective Studies , Retinal Diseases/drug therapy , Retinal Diseases/etiology , Visual AcuityABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Objetivo do artigo é apresentar os princípios básicos da anti-bioticoterapia intravítrea. Relatar os primeiros estudos relacionados à penetração intra-ocular dos antibióticos e o conceito das barreiras hemato-oculares. Ressaltar os achados associados à toxicidade retiniana e eficácia da injeção intravítrea dos antibióticos. Apresentar a antibioticoterapia intravítrea como uma opçäo segura e eficaz no tratamento das infecções intra-oculares
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents , Endophthalmitis , Eye Infections/drug therapy , Adrenal Cortex Hormones , Injections/methods , Vitreous BodyABSTRACT
Nosocomial infection of the eye is an uncommon complication, acquired during the course of hospital management. It may prolong the disease process or even destroy the eye. The overall incidence varies considerably by hospital services. To ascertain the various types of ocular infections and its responsible pathogens, a laboratory-based, nosocomial ocular infection control study was performed in a large referral hospital during a period of January 1997 to June 1999. The study revealed 29 cases (0.08%) of culture proven ocular infections, out of 35,758 total admission during the period of one calendar year. Fifty-one eyes of 29 cases (22 bilateral) had nosocomial infection. Staphylococcus aureus (9), Staphylococcus epidermidis (8) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5), were the most frequent bacteria. Laboratory investigations helped in initiation and modification of specific antimicrobial therapy and also prognosis. Proper surveillance with the help of laboratory investigations has effective role in the management of nosocomial ocular infection.
Subject(s)
Administration, Topical , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Cross Infection/drug therapy , Eye Infections/drug therapy , Female , Humans , Incidence , India/epidemiology , Male , Prospective StudiesSubject(s)
Humans , Eye Infections/complications , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Cytomegalovirus Infections/drug therapy , Eye Infections/drug therapy , HIV Infections/complications , Quality of Life , Retinitis/drug therapy , Retinitis/microbiologyABSTRACT
A escolha de antibióticos para o tratamento de infecções oculares é determinada pelo agente etiológico (presumível ou confirmado) e pelas peculiaridades do globo ocular, que oferece barreiras à livre penetração de medicamentos. Portanto, para se obterem concentrações intra-oculares efetivas são necessárias modificações nas doses e nas vias de administração habituais dos antibióticos. São apresentados, no presente trabalho, os fundamentos para o uso de antibióticos em oftalmologia, bem como sugestões de doses de alguns antibióticos para uso sistêmico, sub-conjuntival e intra-vítreo.