ABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Focal Nodular Hyperplasia/diagnosis , Gadolinium DTPA/chemistry , Hepatitis B, Chronic/diagnosis , Image-Guided Biopsy , Liver/pathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
Gadoxetate disodium is a widely used magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agent for liver MR imaging, and it provides both dynamic and hepatobiliary phase images. However, acquiring optimal arterial phase images at liver MR using gadoxetate disodium is more challenging than using conventional extracellular MR contrast agent because of the small volume administered, the gadolinium content of the agent, and the common occurrence of transient severe motion. In this article, we identify the challenges in obtaining high-quality arterial-phase images of gadoxetate disodium-enhanced liver MR imaging and present strategies for optimizing arterial-phase imaging based on the thorough review of recent research in this field.
Subject(s)
Humans , Angiography , Arteries/anatomy & histology , Contrast Media/chemistry , Gadolinium DTPA/chemistry , Liver/diagnostic imaging , Magnetic Resonance ImagingABSTRACT
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The therapeutic effect of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is usually assessed using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). However, dense lipiodol depositions can mask the enhancement of viable HCC tissue in MDCT. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) could be effective in detecting small areas of viability and patency in vessels. We investigated whether arterial enhancement in CEUS after treatment with TACE can be used to detect HCC viability earlier than when using MDCT. METHODS: Twelve patients received CEUS, MDCT, and gadoxetic-acid-enhanced dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at baseline and 4 and 12 weeks after TACE. The definition of viable HCC was defined as MRI positivity after 4 or 12 weeks. RESULTS: Eight of the 12 patients showed MRI positivity at 4 or 12 weeks. All patients with positive CEUS findings at 4 weeks (n=8) showed MRI positivity and residual viable HCC at 4 or 12 weeks. Five of the eight patients with positive CEUS findings at 4 weeks had negative results on the 4-week MDCT scan. Four (50%) of these eight patients did not have MRI positivity at 4 weeks and were ultimately confirmed as having residual HCC tissue at the 12-week MRI. Kappa statistics revealed near-perfect agreement between CEUS and MRI (kappa=1.00) and substantial agreement between MDCT and MRI (kappa=0.67). CONCLUSIONS: In the assessment of the response to TACE, CEUS at 4 weeks showed excellent results for detecting residual viable HCC, which suggests that CEUS can be used as an early additive diagnosis tool when deciding early additional treatment with TACE.
Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology , Chemoembolization, Therapeutic , Contrast Media/chemistry , Gadolinium DTPA/chemistry , Liver Neoplasms/pathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Pilot Projects , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Adenoma, Bile Duct/pathology , Angiomyolipoma/pathology , Bile Duct Neoplasms/pathology , Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnostic imaging , Diagnosis, Differential , Gadolinium DTPA/chemistry , Liver Diseases/pathology , Liver Neoplasms/pathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Pseudolymphoma/pathology , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antigens, CD34/metabolism , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology , Contrast Media/chemistry , Gadolinium DTPA/chemistry , Immunohistochemistry , Liver Neoplasms/pathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To visualize tumor angiogenesis using the MRI contrast agent, Gd-DTPA-anti-VEGF receptor 2 antibody conjugate, with a 4.7-Tesla MRI instrument in a mouse model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We designed a tumor angiogenesis-targeting T1 contrast agent that was prepared by the bioconjugation of gadolinium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA) and an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2) antibody. The specific binding of the agent complex to cells that express VEGFR2 was examined in cultured murine endothelial cells (MS-1 cells) with a 4.7-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging scanner. Angiogenesis-specific T1 enhancement was imaged with the Gd-DTPA-anti-VEGFR2 antibody conjugate using a CT-26 adenocarcinoma tumor model in eight mice. As a control, the use of the Gd-DTPA-anti-rat immunoglobulin G (Gd-DTPA-anti-rat IgG) was imaged with a tumor model in eight mice. Statistical significance was assessed using the Mann-Whitney test. Tumor tissue was examined by immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS: The Gd-DTPA-anti-VEGFR2 antibody conjugate showed predominant binding to cultured endothelial cells that expressed a high level of VEGFR2. Signal enhancement was approximately three-fold for in vivo T1-weighted MR imaging with the use of the Gd-DTPA-anti-VEGFR2 antibody conjugate as compared with the Gd-DTPA-rat IgG in the mouse tumor model (p < 0.05). VEGFR2 expression in CT-26 tumor vessels was demonstrated using immunohistochemical staining. CONCLUSION: MR imaging using the Gd-DTPA-anti-VEGFR2 antibody conjugate as a contrast agent is useful in visualizing noninvasively tumor angiogenesis in a murine tumor model.