Artrodesis total de muñeca en paciente con síndrome de Hajdu Cheney: reporte de caso / Total wrist arthrodesis in a patient with Hajdu-Cheney syndrome: a case report

El síndrome de Hajdu-Cheney, es una patología infrecuente caracterizada por alteraciones esqueléticas que se manifiestan con acro-osteolisis y osteoporosis generalizada. Su frecuencia es extremadamente rara y existen escasos reportes en la literatura a nivel mundial. Se presenta un caso de un paciente con colapso avanzado del carpo producto de una no unión de escafoides no tratada. Se describen características clínicas y radiográficas del paciente y la resolución del caso con artrodesis total de muñeca.

Hajdu-Cheney syndrome is an uncommon skeletal disorder characterized by acroosteolysis and generalized osteoporosis. It is an extremely rare condition and few reports have been published in worldwide literature. We present a case of a patient with advanced carpal collapse product of a scaphoid non-union with Hajdu-Cheney syndrome. We describe clinical and radiographic characteristics and resolution of the case with total wrist arthrodesis.

Osteólisis multicéntrica no hereditaria con nefropatía: reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura / No hereditary multicentric osteolysis with nephropathy: report of a case and review of the literature

La osteólisis idiopática multicéntrica (OIM) se caracteriza por el compromiso de carpos y de tarsos, con inflamación y dolor; se inicia en la infancia y se autolimita en la 2a o 3a década de la vida. Según Hardegger, se describen tipos hereditarios dominantes (tipo I) o recesivos asociados a osteoporosis (tipo II), OIM esporádicas con compromiso renal (tipo III) u osteólisis masiva monocéntrica (tipo IV). El tipo V se caracteriza por clínica similar al tipo II asociada a lesiones oculares o dermatológicas y talla baja. En esta oportunidad se presenta el caso clínico de una OIM tipo III. Consulta un varón de 50 años con antecedentes de dolor, tumefacción y deformidad en ambos carpos y tarsos y compromiso funcional de inicio en la infancia. A los 34 años presenta proteinuria, edemas e hipertensión arterial, desarrolla insuficiencia renal crónica (ICR). Se realizó trasplante renal. Sin antecedentes familiares de OIM. Se comprueba: disminución en la función de ambas manos, limitación en la extensión de muñeca y deformidad en los dedos, y distrofia muscular de antebrazos y piernas. Camina con dificultad. En las radiografías se observa ausencia de huesos del carpo y tarso, osteólisis en algunas falanges. Se indica tratamiento con bifosfonatos, vitamina D y rehabilitación. El paciente presenta OIM asociada a IRC e hipertensión arterial. Por carecer de antecedentes familiares se la considera OIM del tipo III. La OIM es una enfermedad infrecuente; el diagnóstico oportuno evita tratamientos innecesarios y permite tratar la enfermedad renal y la hipertensión en estadios más tempranos.

Idiopathic Multicentric Osteolysis (IMO) is a rare disease characterizedby osteolysis of carpus and tarsus, with inflammation and painwith onset in childhood and arrest y the second or third decade. It isclassified by Hardegger in 5 Types, 1: Hereditary IMO with dominanttransmission. 2: Hereditary IMO with recessive transmission. 3: NonHereditary IMO, associated with nephropathy and hypertension. 4:Gorham´s Syndrome: massive osteolysis and replacement of bone bylymphatic or blood vessel tissue. 5: Winchester Syndrome: IMO withshort stature, contractures, thick skin, corneal opacities and osteoporosis.A 50 year old male with a history of pain, swelling and deformityin both wrists and tarsi evolving from age 4, attends the consultation.He has functional involvement of hands and feet. At age 34, he hadreferred the presence of proteinuria, edema and hypertension, anddeveloped chronic renal falilure (CRF). Dialysis and renal transplantationwere indicated. No family history of IMO. Findings: Reducedfunction of boths hands, limited range of wrist and finger deformity,muscular forearms and legs dystrophy. He walked with difficulty. It isobserved on radiographs, absence of carpal and tarsal bones, phalangescommitment. Physiotherapy rehabilitation and treatment withbisphosphonates and vitamin D was indicated. A patient with IMO associatedwith CRF and hypertension was presented. He has absenceof family history. It is considered Type III IMO. The IMO is a rare diseases,early diagnosis prevents unnecessary treatment and can treatkidney disease and hypertension at an earlier stage.

Síndrome de Hadju-Cheney: alterações renais em um relato de caso / Hadju-Cheney syndrome: kidney disturbs in a case report

A síndrome de Hadju-Cheney é uma doença genética caracterizada por dismorfismos craniofaciais e alterações ósseas responsáveis pelo fenótipo da doença. As alterações renais, como cistos renais corticais, refluxo vesico - ureteral e falência renal, são raramente relatadas, mas são incluídas como apresentações menos comuns. O diagnóstico genético ainda não está disponível e a patogênese é relacionada a mutações no gene NOTCH. Os autores relatam um caso de um homem de 26 anos; porém, com características fenotípicas de um paciente pediátrico. Ele se apresentou com síndrome nefrótica, hipertensão arterial, cistos renais corticais e insuficiência renal aguda requerendo hemodiálise. A biopsia renal evidenciou glomeruloesclerose focal e segmentar e o tratamento para esse paciente foi de suporte com terapia hemodialítica. O diagnóstico da síndrome de Hadju-Cheney foi dado durante investigação do quadro renal.

Hajdu-Cheney disease is characterized by craniofacial dimorphisms and skeletal changes. Renal disturbs; such as renal cortical cysts, vesico-ureteral reflux and renal failure are rarely related but it is included as a less common feature. The diagnosis is not yet available and the pathogenesis it is related with mutations in the NOTCH gene. The authors report a case of a 26-years-old boy; but with phenotypic characteristics of a pediatric patient. He presented nephrotic syndrome, hypertension, renal cortical cysts, nephrotic range proteinuria and acute renal failure requiring hemodialysis. The renal tissue showed global and segmental glomerulosclerosis and the treatment to this patient it was supporting with hemodialysis. The diagnosis of Hadju-Cheney disease was given during investigation of renal function.

An Unusual Presentation of Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Familial Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome: A Case Report

A 21-year-old man with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) displayed short and clubbed fingers and marked eyebrow, which are typical of Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome (HCS). Laboratory findings confirmed type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). After conservative care with hydration and insulin supply, metabolic impairment was improved. Examinations of bone and metabolism revealed osteoporosis and craniofacial abnormalities. The mutation (c.6443T>G) of the NOTCH2 gene was found. The patient was diagnosed with HCS and DM. There may be a relationship between HCS and DM, with development of pancreatic symptoms related to the NOTCH2 gene mutation.

Effect of Zoledronic Acid on Acro-Osteolysis and Osteoporosis in a Patient with Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome

Hajdu-Cheney syndrome is a rare, autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia marked by acro-osteolysis of the distal phalanges and severe osteoporosis. Although there are more than 60 reports published to date, proper treatment and subsequent outcome have been scarce. Herein, we report a progress of anti-resorptive therapy with zoledronic acid, in a woman with Hajdu-Cheney syndrome. Results suggest that anti-resorptive therapy may be important in delaying the progress of osteoporosis and preventing fractures, but not necessarily acro-osteolysis itself.

A Case Report of Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome

Hajdu-Cheney syndrome (HCS) is a rare skeletal dysplasia that is characterized by acroosteolysis of the distal phalanges, distinctive craniofacial and skull changes, dental abnormalities and generalized osteoporosis. The clinical and radiologic characteristics are variable and these characteristics progress with age. This syndrome shows autosomal dominant inheritance with sporadic cases. The genetic defects or molecular pathogenesis of HCS are still unknown. We experienced a case of Hajdu-Cheney syndrome in a 20-year-old man who had generalized osteoporosis with multiple non-traumatic spine compression fractures. He had acroosteolysis of the hands and feet, wormian bones in the skull, facial dysmorphism (mid-facial flattening, micrognathia and bushy eyebrows), a high arched palate, malocclusion and short dental alveolar processes. HCS was diagnosed based on the clinical and radiologic evidence. For the differential diagnosis, we excluded the other possible causes of the acroosteolysis and wormian bones, including hyperparathyroidism, osteogenesis imperfecta, hypophosphatemia and mandibuloacral dysplasia. The specific treatment of HCS is unknown, but case reports with bisphosphonate treatment have been reported.

Síndrome da Serpentina: relato de caso / Serpentine Fibula-Polycystic Kidney Syndrome: A case Report

A Síndrome da Serpentina e uma cognição rara, com manifestações faciais e esqueléticas características. Na literatura especializada, encontra-se descrita como possível manifestação audiológica a perda auditiva neurossensorial. No entanto, dados referentes ao sistema estomatognático, linguagem e cognição não foram encontrados. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as características encontradas em avaliação fonoaudiológica de uma paciente com Síndrome da Serpentina, atendida no Curso de Fonoaudiologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. A avaliação fonoaudiol6gica constou de anamnese, avaliação de linguagem e cognição, sistema estomatognático e avaliação audiológica. Os resultados obtidos revelaram alterações de linguagem e cognição, de sistema estomatognático e perda auditiva mista de grau moderado na orelha direita, com piora dos limiares de audibilidade nas freqüências agudas e perda auditiva de grau profundo na orelha esquerda. Embora os resultados não venham ao encontro daqueles descritos na literatura, ressaltamos a importância de investigação fonoaudiol6gica mais minuciosa em casos sindrómicos que apresentem alterações morfofuncionais envolvendo estruturas orofaciais.

The Serpentine Fibula-Polycystic Syndrome is a rare condition, with characteristic facial and skeletal manifestations. Specialized literature describes the sensorineural hearing loss as a possible audiologic manifestation of this syndrome, but data regarding stomatognathic system, language and cognition are not found. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics found in the speech-language and hearing evaluation of a child with diagnosis of Serpentine Fibula-Polycystic Syndrome who received Speech-Language Pathology therapy at the Speech-Language and Hearing Course of the Medicine School of University of Sao Paulo. Speech-language and hearing evaluation consisted of anamnesis, language, cognitive, stomatognathic system and audiologic assessments. Data showed language and cognitive deficits, stomatognathic system alterations, mixed moderate hearing loss in the right ear, with worse audibility thresholds at higher frequencies, and profound hearing loss in the left ear. Even though the results have not corroborated data found in literature, it is emphasized the importance of a detailed speech-language and hearing evaluation in syndromic cases that present structural and function alterations involving oral and facial structures.