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2.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 38(4): 448-455, July-Aug. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-649437

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Dilation of urinary tract occurs without the presence of obstruction. Diagnostic methods that depend on renal function may elicit mistaken diagnosis. Whitaker (1973) proposed the evaluation of urinary tract pressure submitted to constant flow. Other investigators proposed perfusion of renal pelvis under controlled pressure, making the method more physiological and reproducible. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the results of the anterograde pressure measurement (APM) of the urinary tract of children with persistent hydronephrosis after surgery suspected to present persistent obstruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Along 12 years, 26 renal units with persistent hydronephrosis after surgery (12 PUJ and 14 VUJ) were submitted to evaluation of the renal tract pressure in order to decide the form of treatment. Previous radionuclide scans with DTPA, intravenous pyelographies and ultrasounds were considered undetermined in relation to obstruction in 10 occasions and obstructive in 16. APM was performed under radioscopy through renal pelvis puncture or previous stoma. Saline with methylene blue + iodine contrast was infused under constant pressure of 40 cm H2O to fill the urinary system. The ureteral opening pressure was measured following the opening of the system and stabilization of the water column. RESULTS: Among the 10 cases with undetermined previous diagnosis, APM was considered non-obstructive in two and those were treated clinically and eight were considered obstructive and were submitted to surgery. Among the 16 cases previously classified as obstructive, nine confirmed obstruction and were submitted to surgery. Seven cases were considered non-obstructive, and were treated clinically, with stable DMSA and hydronephrosis. CONCLUSIONS: APM avoided unnecessary surgery in one third of the cases and was important to treatment decision in 100%. We believe that this simple test is an excellent diagnostic tool when selectively applied mainly in the presence of functional deficit.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Hydronephrosis/physiopathology , Urethral Obstruction/physiopathology , Urinary Tract/physiopathology , Kidney Pelvis/physiopathology , Postoperative Period , Pressure , Reproducibility of Results , Urodynamics , Urethral Obstruction/diagnosis , Urologic Surgical Procedures/methods
3.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 33(1): 80-86, Jan.-Feb. 2007. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-447472

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Hydronephrosis leads to deterioration of renal function. As urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (U-NAG) activity is considered a sensitive marker of renal tubular impairment, our aim was to measure U-NAG in children with hydronephrosis and to look for a relationship among selected clinical parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 31 children (22 boys and 9 girls, mean age 2.3 ± 2.5 years) with hydronephrosis grade 1-4 that had U-NAG/creatinine ratio (U-NAG/Cr) measured. RESULTS: The U-NAG/Cr was significantly higher in patients with hydronephrosis compared to reference data (p = 0.002). There was no difference in U-NAG/Cr between children with unilateral and bilateral hydronephrosis (p = 0.51). There was no significant difference in U-NAG/Cr between children with grades 1-3 (pooled data) and grade 4, respectively (p = 0.89). There was no correlation between U-NAG/Cr and the grade of hydronephrosis (r = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: U-NAG/Cr is increased in children with hydronephrosis grade 1-4, and there is no relationship with the grade of hydronephrosis. U-NAG is a useful marker of renal tubular dysfunction, however its relationship with the degree of kidney damage in patients with hydronephrosis should be considered as doubtful.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Acetylglucosaminidase/urine , Hydronephrosis/urine , Kidney Tubules/physiopathology , Biomarkers/urine , Hydronephrosis/enzymology , Hydronephrosis/physiopathology , Severity of Illness Index
5.
Actual. pediátr ; 6(2): 79-85, jun. 1996. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-190416

ABSTRACT

Se presenta la revisión retrospectiva de 90 pacientes con hidronefrosis prenatal captados en el Hospital Universitario del Valle Evaristo García, Clínica Rafael Uribe Uribe del instituto de Seguros Sociales, Hospital Infantil Club Noel y en los consultorios particulares de tres nefrólogos pediatras de la ciudadde Cali entre el 1o. de enero de 1987 y el 30 de junio de 1995. Se revisaron las historias clínicas y los estudios imagenológicos durante el período prenatal y el seguimiento postnatal. Resultados: se estudiaron 90 pacientes con 127 unidades renales comprometidas. El promedio de edad materna es de 28 años y el 50 por ciento de ellas son primigestantes. La edad media en que se hizo el diagnóstico fue a las 30 mas o menos 5 semanas de gestación (20-40 semanas). Hubo predominio del sexo masculino en el 78 por ciento de los casos. Los diagnósticos prenatales más frecuentes fueron hidronefrosis unilateral (58 por ciento), hidronefrosis bilateral (26 por ciento) y riñón displásico multiquístico (14 por ciento). Luego de la evaluación postnatal con ecografía y cistouretrografía miccional cíclica, y estudios complementarios cuando se consideró necesario, los diagnósticos finales fueron hidronefrosis no obstructiva (43 por ciento), reflujo vesicoureteral (22 por ciento), hidronefrosis obstructiva (13 por ciento), riñón displásico multiquístico (8 por ciento), doble sistema colector (5 por ciento), otros (megauréter, secuencia de Potter, ectopia renal cruzada, ureterocele y divertículo paraureteral) (6 por ciento) y valvas de uretra posterior (3 por ciento). Los pacientes fueron discutidos en la Clínica de Nefro-Urología para definir conducta. Veintinueve pacientes (32 por ciento) requirieron corrección quirúrgica (12 pieloplastias, 11 reimplantes ureterales, tres polectomías, una fulguración de valvas, una vesicostomía y una nefrectomía). La función renal de los pacientes con hidronefrosis obstructiva se normalizó después de la cirugía. En el 23.3 por ciento de los casos (21 pacientes) se presentó infección urinaria en la fase inicial del estudio. En 70 pacientes se evaluó la función renal en el momento de entrada al estudio, siendo normal en el 96 por ciento; estaba disminuida en los dos pacientes con valvas de uretra posterior y en un paciente con reflujo vésico-ureteral grado IV bilateral.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pregnancy , Hydronephrosis , Hydronephrosis/classification , Hydronephrosis/congenital , Hydronephrosis/diagnosis , Hydronephrosis/drug therapy , Hydronephrosis/embryology , Hydronephrosis/mortality , Hydronephrosis/nursing , Hydronephrosis/physiopathology , Hydronephrosis/surgery , Hydronephrosis/therapy
6.
Pediatría (Bogotá) ; 5(4): 149-54, dic. 1995. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-190436

ABSTRACT

Treinta y cuatro pacientes de 120 con hidronefrosis (28.3 por ciento) tenían patologías significativas en las vías urinarias. La hidronefrosis desapareció espontáneamente en 37 pacientes de 120 (30.9 por ciento) entre un mes y 23 meses, con un promedio de siete meses. La hidronefrosis persistía en 49 pacientes de 120 (40.8 por ciento) al último control, pero con cistografías normales y gamagrafías normales o funcionales. Un ultrasonido renal negativo en la primera semana de vida no excluye el diagnóstico de hidronefrosis. El reflujo vesicoureteral puede estar presente con cualquier grado de hidronefrosis y su severidad no se correlaciona con el grado de ésta. Todo paciente con diagnóstico pre o postnatal de hidronefrosis justifica una cistografía miccional y debe ponerse en profilaxis antibiótica hasta tanto el reflujo vesicoureteral no haya sido descartado. Grados severos de hidronefrosis, en general, se correlacionan con patología subyacente. Grados menos severos, sin embargo, no la descartan. Todos los pacientes deben ser seguidos hasta que se tengan dos ultrasonidos normales


Subject(s)
Humans , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Hydronephrosis , Hydronephrosis/classification , Hydronephrosis/congenital , Hydronephrosis/diagnosis , Hydronephrosis/drug therapy , Hydronephrosis/nursing , Hydronephrosis/physiopathology , Hyponatremia
7.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 51(10): 678-81, oct. 1994. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-143305

ABSTRACT

El himen imperforado es una malformación congénita poco frecuente, que generalmente se descubre al iniciarse la menarca, las menstruaciones sucesivas ocasionan hematometrocolpos, dando diversas manifestaciones clínicas. Informamos el caso clínico de una adolescente que presentó himen imperforado con salpingohematometrocolpos manifestándose con dolor abdominal crónico, estreñimiento, vómito, disuria, tenesmo vesical, retención aguda de orina, hidronefrosis y tumor pélvico-abdominal. Un diagnóstico temprano con evacuación de la sangre acumulada evitará la hematometra y el hematosalpinx reduciéndose el riesgo de endometriosis pélvica y el futuro de la fertilidad


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Humans , Female , Amenorrhea/etiology , Amenorrhea/physiopathology , Hydronephrosis/diagnosis , Hydronephrosis/physiopathology , Hymen/physiopathology , Hymen/surgery
8.
J. bras. urol ; 11(2): 50-4, abr.-jun. 1985. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-26707

ABSTRACT

Trinta e quatro pacientes com agenesia sacral foram examinados de 1954 a 1983, excluindo-se os casos de meningomielocele. Cinco padröes reconhecíveis e consistentes de malformaçäo óssea foram identificados, constituindo novo critério de classificaçäo para esta patologia. Exame urodinâmico foi realizado em dez dos pacientes citados. Sua avaliaçäo e resposta ao tratamento säo analisados, tentando-se determinar e estabelecer as possíveis causas do diagnóstico tardio e suas conseqüências sobre o trato urinário superior (AU) &P


Subject(s)
Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Male , Female , Sacrum/abnormalities , Hydronephrosis/physiopathology , Urodynamics , Vesico-Ureteral Reflux/physiopathology
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