Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 16 de 16
Filter
1.
Evid. actual. práct. ambul ; 19(3): 71-75, 2016. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1150657

ABSTRACT

El emblemático ensayo clínico 329, financiado por Smith Kline Beecham (actualmente GlaxoSmith-Kline) y publicado en2001, permitió posicionar a la paroxetina como un tratamiento efectivo y seguro para la depresión mayor en adolescentes. En la presente editorial el autor describe los sucesos ocurridos luego de su publicación, partiendo de los cuestionamientos iniciales respecto de su eficacia, hasta llegar a los resultados de su reciente reanálisis (llevando adelante por la iniciativa internacional RIAT), el cual concluyo que dicho fármaco no solo no provee un beneficio adicional al placebo para la condición y población utilizada, sino que además se asocia a efectos adversos sustanciales que no habían sido reportados en el informe original. Se exploran además las repercusiones de este suceso en la comunidad científica y se hace un señalamiento de la necesidad de permitir el acceso a las bases de datos originales que sustentan los resultados y conclusiones de las investigaciones publicadas, como mecanismo de transparencia superador a la revisión por pares. (AU)


The emblematic 329 study, funded by Smith Kline Beecham (now GlaxoSmith-Kline) and published in 2001, allowed to position paroxetine as an effective and safe treatment for major depression in adolescents. In this editorial, the author describes the events after its publication, from the initial concerns about its effectiveness, to the results of its recent reanalysis (accounted by the international RIAT initiative), which concluded that the drug not only does not provide an additional benefit than placebo, but is also associated with significant adverse effects that were not reported in the original report. It also explores the repercussions generated in the scientific community by this event, pointing out the need to allow access to original databases that support the findings and conclusions of published research, as an overcoming mechanism for transparency to the traditional peerreview. Agustín Ciapponi Study's 329 hiddens face and scientifics evidence manipulation. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Clinical Trials as Topic/ethics , Paroxetine/adverse effects , Peer Review/ethics , Suicide/statistics & numerical data , Analysis of Variance , Clinical Trials as Topic/instrumentation , Clinical Trials as Topic/methods , Databases as Topic/trends , Depression/drug therapy , Research Financing , Off-Label Use/ethics , Suicidal Ideation , Imipramine/administration & dosage
3.
Bogotá; IETS; dic. 2014. 68 p. ilus.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS, BRISA | ID: biblio-847182

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La prevalencia de Trastorno de Pánico en la población general es del 2,7%; en Colombia tiene mayor incidencia en mujeres. El TP puede ir acompañado de depresión, consumo de sustancias adictivas como el alcohol, drogas, incrementando el riesgo de suicidio. El escitalopram y la risperidona, ha demostrado tener una respuesta adecuada en el control de los síntomas. Objetivo: Examinar los beneficios y riesgos del uso del escitalopram y la risperidona en el Trastorno de Pánico, como uno de los criterios para informar la toma de decisiones relacionada con la posible inclusión de tecnologías en el Plan Obligatorio de Salud, en el marco de su actualización integral para el año 2015. Metodología: A partir de la pregunta PICO se establecieron los criterios de elegibilidad para la realización de la búsqueda de la evidencia científica (a ensayos clínicos, revisiones sistemáticas de estudios observacionales y estudios de cohortes analíticas), se realizó la tamización y selección de la evidencia evaluando su calidad y posteriormente se realizó la extracción de datos y la síntesis de la evidencia. Resultados: El escitalopram es considerado medicamento de primera línea para el tratamiento de esta entidad mostrando mayor efectividad y seguridad que otros medicamentos. La risperidona a dosis no convencionales es efectiva en el control de síntomas y no presenta diferencia en la presencia de efectos adversos comparados con otros medicamentos utilizados para el tratamiento de esta entidad; no es considerado tratamiento de primera línea. Conclusiones: La interpretación de los resultados deben ser evaluados con precaución teniendo en cuenta las limitaciones de la evidencia científica y metodológica de los estudios incluidos. El escitalopram o la risperidona mostraron ser eficaces y seguros en el manejo del Trastorno de Pánico comparado con otros medicamentos que se emplean para el tratamiento de este mismo trastorno. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Citalopram/administration & dosage , Panic Disorder/drug therapy , Psychotherapy/methods , Technology Assessment, Biomedical , Fluoxetine/administration & dosage , Reproducibility of Results , Treatment Outcome , Fluvoxamine/administration & dosage , Paroxetine/administration & dosage , Colombia , Risperidone/administration & dosage , Sertraline/administration & dosage , Imipramine/administration & dosage
4.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2012 Mar; 60(2): 136-138
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-138809

ABSTRACT

Intraoperative floppy iris syndrome (IFIS) has commonly been seen with long-term use of α1-adrenoceptor blocking agents. We observed IFIS in three patients during phacoemulsification due to oral imipramine therapy. The three patients took imipramine for 25 years, 10 months and 1 year, respectively. However, only the first patient was on oral therapy at the time of surgery, while the other two patients had stopped 4 months and 2 months prior to undergoing phacoemulsification. The first and third patients developed complete IFIS features, while the second had only partial IFIS characteristics. Phacoemulsification could be completed in all three patients without any complication. None of these patients had history of taking any of the α1-adrenoceptor blocking agents. This is the first anecdotal report of IFIS with the oral use of imipramine and hence further evidences are required to ascertain the association of oral imipramine therapy and IFIS. However, ophthalmologists undertaking phacoemulsification on patients on imipramine therapy should be alert for the occurrence of IFIS.


Subject(s)
Administration, Oral , Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors/adverse effects , Aged , Cataract , Humans , Imipramine/administration & dosage , Imipramine/adverse effects , Intraoperative Complications/prevention & control , Iris Diseases/chemically induced , Male , Middle Aged , Phacoemulsification
5.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 44(10): 1048-1053, Oct. 2011. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-600686

ABSTRACT

It is known that chronic high levels of corticosterone (CORT) enhance aversive responses such as avoidance and contextual freezing. In contrast, chronic CORT does not alter defensive behavior induced by the exposure to a predator odor. Since different defense-related responses have been associated with specific anxiety disorders found in clinical settings, the observation that chronic CORT alters some defensive behaviors but not others might be relevant to the understanding of the neurobiology of anxiety. In the present study, we investigated the effects of chronic CORT administration (through surgical implantation of a 21-day release 200 mg pellet) on avoidance acquisition and escape expression by male Wistar rats (200 g in weight at the beginning of the experiments, N = 6-10/group) tested in the elevated T-maze (ETM). These defensive behaviors have been associated with generalized anxiety and panic disorder, respectively. Since the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine is successfully used to treat both conditions, the effects of combined treatment with chronic imipramine (15 mg, ip) and CORT were also investigated. Results showed that chronic CORT facilitated avoidance performance, an anxiogenic-like effect (P < 0.05), without changing escape responses. Imipramine significantly reversed the anxiogenic effect of CORT (P < 0.05), although the drug did not exhibit anxiolytic effects by itself. Confirming previous observations, imipramine inhibited escape responses, a panicolytic-like effect. Unlike chronic CORT, imipramine also decreased locomotor activity in an open field. These data suggest that chronic CORT specifically altered ETM avoidance, a fact that should be relevant to a better understanding of the physiopathology of generalized anxiety and panic disorder.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/administration & dosage , Anxiety/drug therapy , Behavior, Animal/drug effects , Corticosterone/administration & dosage , Imipramine/administration & dosage , Panic Disorder/drug therapy , Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/pharmacology , Corticosterone/pharmacology , Escape Reaction/drug effects , Imipramine/pharmacology , Maze Learning/drug effects , Motor Activity/drug effects , Rats, Wistar
6.
Braz. J. Psychiatry (São Paulo, 1999, Impr.) ; 31(3): 247-252, Sept. 2009. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-526264

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Clinical findings suggest that ketamine may be used for the treatment of major depression. The present study aimed to compare behavioral effects and brain Creatine kinase activity in specific brain regions after administration of ketamine and imipramine in rats. METHOD: Rats were acutely given ketamine or imipramine and antidepressant-like activity was assessed by the forced swimming test; Creatine kinase activity was measured in different regions of the brain. RESULTS: The results showed that ketamine (10 and 15mg/kg) and imipramine (20 and 30mg/kg) reduced immobility time when compared to saline group. We also observed that ketamine (10 and 15mg/kg) and imipramine (20 and 30mg/kg) increased Creatine kinase activity in striatum and cerebral cortex. Ketamine at the highest dose (15mg/kg) and imipramine (20 and 30mg/kg) increased Creatine kinase activity in cerebellum and prefrontal cortex. On the other hand, hippocampus was not affected. CONCLUSION: Considering that metabolism impairment is probably involved in the pathophysiology of depressive disorders, the modulation of energy metabolism (like increase in Creatine kinase activity) by antidepressants could be an important mechanism of action of these drugs.


OBJETIVO: Vários achados clínicos sugerem que a cetamina apresenta efeito antidepressivo. O presente estudo tem como objetivo comparar efeitos comportamentais e a atividade da creatina quinase em regiões específicas do encéfalo após a administração de cetamina e imipramina em ratos. MÉTODO: Ratos Wistar receberam uma administração aguda de cetamina ou imipramina e a atividade antidepressiva foi avaliada pelo teste de nado forçado; a atividade da creatina quinase foi medida em diferentes regiões encefálicas. RESULTADOS: Os resultados mostraram que a cetamina (10 e 15mg/kg) e a imipramina (20 e 30mg/kg) diminuíram o tempo de imobilidade quando comparados ao grupo salina. Também foi observado que a cetamina (10 e 15mg/kg) e a imipramina (20 e 30mg/kg) aumentaram a atividade da creatina quinase no estriado e córtex cerebral. A dose mais alta de cetamina (15mg/kg) e a imipramina (20 e 30mg/kg) aumentaram a atividade da creatina quinase no cerebelo e córtex pré-frontal. Por outro lado, o hipocampo não foi alterado. CONCLUSÃO: Considerando que a diminuição no metabolismo provavelmente está envolvida na fisiopatologia da depressão, a modulação do metabolismo energético (como um aumento na atividade da creatina quinase) por antidepressivos pode ser um importante mecanismo de ação destes fármacos.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Brain/drug effects , Creatine Kinase/metabolism , Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists/administration & dosage , Imipramine/administration & dosage , Ketamine/administration & dosage , Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/administration & dosage , Brain/enzymology , Depression/drug therapy , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Rats, Wistar , Stress, Physiological
8.
J. bras. psiquiatr ; 47(10): 523-35, out. 1998. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-229566

ABSTRACT

Os transtornos relacionados ao estresse pós-traumático - transtorno de estresse pós-traumático e transtorno agudo de estresse - têm recebido cada vez maior atençäo de clínicos e pesquisadores. Um quadro típico de sintomas surge após um indivíduo ver, estar envolvido, ou apenas ouvir sobre um evento extremamente estressor. As principais características clínicas säo a recordaçäo aflitiva do trauma, um padräo de evitaçäo de estímulos relacionados ao trauma e distanciamento afetivo, e uma constante hiperestimulaçäo autonômica. O tratamento envolve psicoterapia cognitivo-comportamental e o uso de psicofármacos


Subject(s)
Humans , Amitriptyline/administration & dosage , Amitriptyline/therapeutic use , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/diagnosis , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/drug therapy , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/therapy , Imipramine/administration & dosage , Imipramine/therapeutic use , Phenelzine/administration & dosage , Phenelzine/therapeutic use , Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use , Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/administration & dosage , Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/therapeutic use , Clonidine/administration & dosage , Clonidine/therapeutic use , Fluoxetine/administration & dosage , Fluoxetine/therapeutic use , Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Propranolol/therapeutic use
9.
J. bras. psiquiatr ; 47(9): 469-76, set. 1998. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-229564

ABSTRACT

Os IRS podem ter importante propriedades além dos efeitos antidepressivos e antiobsessivos. Relatos anedóticos sugerem que podem funcionar como agentes "antipreocupaçäo" diminuindo a "preocupaçäo ansiosa" que impede o indivíduo de obter distanciamento emocional de fontes de estresse. Esta açäo antipreocupaçäo pode causar problemas, especialmente quando mais acentuada, por exemplo: incapacidade de chorar, indiferença e apatia. Denominamos "hipoestesia emocional" tanto a açäo terapêutica (antipreocupaçäo) quantos os efeitos colaterais (incapacidade de chorar, indiferença e apatia) induzidos pelos IRS. Relatamos 6 casos de "hipoestesia emocional" em pacientes que tomaram fluoxetina e paroxetina. Esses efeitos colaterais remitiram com a reduçäo da dose ou com a retirada do IRS. O mecanismo pelo qual o IRS produz a "hipoestesia emocional" pode ser pelo agonismo serotoninérgico que acarreta uma inibiçäo do sistema dopaminérgico. Se este efeito modulador indireto ocorre no sistema dopaminérgico mesolímbico/mesocortical produz uma disfunçäo do lobo frontal que pode ser tratada com psicoestimulantes; se ocorre no trato nigro-estriatal, produz efeitos colaterais extrapiramidais tais como a acinesia. Agentes anticolinérgicos, teoricamente, poderiam tratar a apatia e a indiferença devido à acinesia induzida pelos IRS. O maior conhecimento sobre a apatia, indiferença e incapacidade de chorar induzidas pelos IRS pode otimizar os resultados terapêuticos, por ex., pela reduçäo de doses, e consequentemente melhor adesäo dos pacientes ao tratamento


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Fluoxetine/administration & dosage , Fluoxetine/therapeutic use , Fluvoxamine/administration & dosage , Fluvoxamine/therapeutic use , Hypesthesia/chemically induced , Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/adverse effects , Haloperidol/administration & dosage , Haloperidol/therapeutic use , Imipramine/administration & dosage , Imipramine/therapeutic use , Nortriptyline/administration & dosage , Nortriptyline/therapeutic use , Paroxetine/administration & dosage , Paroxetine/therapeutic use
10.
Rev. sanid. mil ; 52(4): 216-9, jul.-ago. 1998.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-240845

ABSTRACT

La alexitimia fue descrita por Sifneus en 1972 y se refiere a la dificultad que presentan los individuos en expresar y sentir sus emociones, así como una carencia de fantasías en su vida mental. Inicialmente fue descrita en pacientes psicosomáticos (somatoformes) y ahora con la explosión de interés al respecto (50 publicaciones en los dos últimos años) se le encuentra prácticamente en todas las enfermedades y hasta en los sujetos ®normales¼. Su importancia deriva en que es la causa de muchos tratamientos psiquiátricos fallidos, y que el individuo sufre y no puede decir de qué se queja, y por lo tanto, lo hace de una manera somática. socialmente se han descrito como robots, sin emociones lo cual los convierte en problema social porque actúan ®delictivamente a sangre fría¼. Su etiología está en la lateralización del hemisferio izquierdo y en que las conexiones entre el sistema límbico y la corteza cerebral están hipodesarrolladas; tienen su origen en la infancia, en familias disfuncionales y en una mala relación madre-niño que evita la respuesta neural afectiva. Este vacío emocional los invalida de por vida. Se proponen las posibilidades de tratamiento mediante psicoterapia y psicotrópicos, en especial los antidepresivos. Finalmente se ilustra con un caso clínico


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Psychiatry , Psychotherapy , Imipramine/administration & dosage , Imipramine/therapeutic use , Antidepressive Agents , Psychotropic Drugs/therapeutic use , Affective Symptoms/diagnosis , Affective Symptoms/etiology , Affective Symptoms/therapy , Psychophysiologic Disorders , Demography , Mother-Child Relations
11.
Inf. psiquiatr ; 11(1): 23-5, jan.-mar. 1992. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-113651

ABSTRACT

O prsente trabalho foi realizado em 30 crianças e adolescentes (5 a 16 anos) que apresentavam enurese noturna primária, ou seja, pacientes que apresentavam enurese durante o sono desde o nascimento, sem período prolongado de interrupçäo. Na fase inicial do tratamento medicamentoso foi usado placebo, que näo produziu melhora significativa em qualquer dos casos. Em seguida, foi prescrita a imipramina, em doses crescentes quando necessário. Com o uso da imipramina, houve controle da E.N. em todos os pacientes, variando a dose diária, em 86,7% dos casos, de 25 a 75 mg. Todos os pacientes foram revistos pelo menos dois meses após a suspensäo da imipramina e nenhum deles apresentava recorrência do sintoma. Alé disso, o controle da E.N. teve efeito nitidamente favorável sobre o estado emocional da maioria dos pacientes


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Enuresis/drug therapy , Imipramine/administration & dosage , Imipramine/therapeutic use
12.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-17119

ABSTRACT

Single dose of imipramine (IMI) produced significant (P less than 0.05) hyperglycemia in rabbits, the effect peaking at 1 h. The hyperglycemic response was less marked in rabbits which were chronically pretreated with IMI for 4 wk. Simultaneous administration of insulin, oral glucose or adrenaline with single doses of IMI resulted in an enhancement of usual hypoglycemic/hyperglycemic responses of these agents. However, when these drugs were administered in chronically IMI fed animals there was complete reversion of the enhancement. Daily administration of adrenaline for further 6 days with IMI feeding in the chronically IMI treated rabbits, led to enhancement in the hyperglycemic response to adrenaline (P less than 0.001). In contrast, similar administration of insulin resulted in reduced hypoglycemia. Further, glucose feeding with IMI plus adrenaline or insulin in these animals did not result in any significant alteration in blood glucose level (BGL), as compared to oral glucose plus single doses of adrenaline or insulin. GTT done on the day next to drug treatment in rabbits chronically pretreated with IMI and than with IMI plus insulin, produced an enhanced hyperglycemic response, as compared with the control group (P less than 0.01). These observations indicate that acute (but not chronic) treatment with IMI not only produces a rise in BGL per se but also enhances the response to other agents which affect glucose homeostasis.


Subject(s)
Administration, Oral , Animals , Blood Glucose/analysis , Epinephrine/pharmacology , Female , Glucose/pharmacology , Glucose Tolerance Test , Homeostasis , Hyperglycemia/chemically induced , Imipramine/administration & dosage , Insulin/pharmacology , Male , Rabbits
13.
Arch. venez. psiquiatr. neurol ; 36(74): 9-12, ene.-jun.1990.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-97689

ABSTRACT

Los autores se proponen estudiar la relación existente entre la depresión y la ansiedad, comparando un grupo de 8 pacientes con altos niveles de depresión y ansiedad con otro grupo de 9 pacientes con bajos niveles de las mismas, a través de las Escalas de Hamilton, la respuesta a la imipramina, el Psicodiagnóstico de Rorschach, el Test de Supresión de Dexametasoma y los antecedentes personales y familiares. La respuesta a la imipramina fue significativa tanto para la depresión como para la ansiedad y de forma paralela, pero no hubo diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos. El Rorschach mostró que el primer grupo era el más patológica. El test de Supresión de la Dexametasona no arrojó resultados concluyentes. Los antecedentes mostraron importantes implicaciones etiológicas pero no diferenciaron suficientemente a ambos grupos. Se sugieren dos hipótesis que explicarían la estrecha relación entre ddepresión y ansiedad y su evolución paralela


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Anxiety , Depression/therapy , Imipramine/therapeutic use , Rorschach Test , Depression/diagnosis , Imipramine/administration & dosage
14.
Alexandria Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 1990; 4 (1): 36-36
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-15215

ABSTRACT

Oral administration of imipramine [1 mg/kg body weight] daily to normal rabbits induced a significant increase in serum content of 3', 5' cyclic adenosine monophopshate [cAMP] prostaglandin [PGF[2alpha]] and growth hormone [GH]. Trifluoperazine administration [0.04 mg/kg body weight daily] to other group of rabbits induced a significant decrease in cAMP, GH and RGF[2alpha] after and 30 days. Prostaglandin content of brain tissue demonstrated also a significant decrease while serum prolactin showed a significant increase after 30 and 45 days. Combined treatment of both drugs induced a significant decrease in PGF [2alpha] [serum and brain], GH and a significant increase in serum prolactin while cAMP showed such an increase after 45 days in a conclusion of predomination of trifluoperazine effect rather than tricylic imipramine on such biochemical pattern


Subject(s)
Pharmacology , Imipramine/administration & dosage
15.
Rev. colomb. psiquiatr ; 17(4): 274-86, nov. 1988. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-68621

ABSTRACT

Se revisa la literatura acerca del tratamiento farmacologico del transtorno del deficit de la atencion. Pocas modificaciones importantes se han realizado durante los ultimos 10 anos. Los estimulantes son efectivos en el aumento de la atencion y en la disminucion de la hiperactividad. Sin embargo persiste controversia acerca de su uso. Aunque algunso postulan efectos positivos sobre el rendimiento academico esto no es tan claro, y ademas no existe evidencia clara sobre la efectividad de los estimulantes en mejorar el pronostico a largo plazo. Se describe el uso clinico de las drogas en el TDA.


Subject(s)
Humans , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/drug therapy , Amphetamine/administration & dosage , Amphetamine/therapeutic use , Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/administration & dosage , Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/therapeutic use , Imipramine/administration & dosage , Imipramine/therapeutic use , Methylphenidate/analogs & derivatives , Thioridazine/analogs & derivatives
16.
Indian J Physiol Pharmacol ; 1981 Oct-Dec; 25(4): 331-8
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-106421

ABSTRACT

A double blind therapeutic comparison of single dose administration of imipramine pamoate and divided dose of imipramine hydrochloride was made in 40 indoor patients suffering from depressive illness. A fixed dose of 150 mg was used for both drugs for four weeks, employing randomized methodology with placebo capsules and tablets to balance dosage schedules. Four patients two from each group were dropped, leaving 36 patients for final analysis. The criteria of assessment were Hamilton Rating Scale and global evaluation by both the psychiatrist and the patients. Both the dosage forms were found to be highly effective as anti-depressants. Imipramine pamoate seemed to provide more consistent improvement but statistically the differences were not significant at the end of four weeks treatment. The major conclusion drawn from the study was the confirmation of therapeutic equivalence between a single daily dose of 150 mg of imipramine pamoate and divided dose of 150 mg of imipramine hydrochloride. Generally mild side-effects occurred with equal frequency in both the groups and no adverse effects on haemopoietic, renal or hepatic function were seen with either dosage form.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Antidepressive Agents/adverse effects , Clinical Trials as Topic , Depressive Disorder/drug therapy , Double-Blind Method , Drug Administration Schedule , Female , Humans , Imipramine/administration & dosage , Male , Middle Aged , Patient Compliance
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL