ABSTRACT
Background: Aim: To compare the concentration of secretory immunoglobulin-A (sIgA) in young adults with average or excellent aerobic capacity before and after a cardiopulmonary graded exercise test. Methods: Participants were nine apparently healthy physically active males (Mean age = 21.3 ± 2.1 yr.), randomly allocated in two groups based on their VO2max: a) average aerobic capacity (AEC, n = 5) or b) excellent aerobic capacity (EAC, n = 4). Participants performed the Bruce protocol to determine their aerobic capacity. The sIgA was measured before the test, immediately after the test and 60-, 120-, 240-, and 1440-min after the test. Results: Mixed factorial 2 x 6 ANOVA indicated no significant interactions between groups and measurements (p = 0.956), and main effect groups on sIgA (AEC = 85.4 ± 19.3 μg/mL vs. EAC = 79.2 ± 21.5 μg/mL, p = 0.836). Tukey's post hoc analysis revealed significant differences measurement obtained immediately after the test and between the initial measurement (p = 0.020), 60-min (p = 0.030), 240-min (p = 0.016), and 1440-min (p = 0.028) following the test. Conclusion: There is no change in sIgA kinetics depending on the aerobic capacity of the participants following an aerobic capacity cardiopulmonary graded exercise test.
Introducción. Objetivo: Comparar la cinética en la concentración de inmunoglobulina A salival (IgAs) en adultos jóvenes con capacidad aeróbica promedio (n: 5) o excelente (n: 4) antes y después de una prueba de esfuerzo. Método: 9 adultos jóvenes (edad 21,3 ± 2,1), divididos de acuerdo su VO2máx, realizaron una prueba de esfuerzo mediante el protocolo de Bruce. La concentración de IgAs fue determinada mediante el Salimetrics IgA Kit®, evaluando inicial, inmediatamente finalizada la prueba, +60, +120, +240, +1.440 min. Resultados: La prueba ANOVA 2x6 mixta indicó que no existieron interacciones significativas entre grupos y mediciones (p = 0,956). Tampoco se encontró una diferencia significativa en la media de IgAs en los grupos (Promedio = 85,4 ± 19.3 μg/mL vs Excelente=79,2 ± 21.5 μg/mL, p = 0,836). Independientemente de las mediciones, el análisis post hoc de Tukey indicó que las diferencias se encontraron en la medición obtenida inmediatamente después de la prueba y entre la medición inicial (p: 0,020), la medición obtenida 60 min (p: 0,030), 240 min (p: 0,016) y 1.440 min (p = 0,028) posteriores a la prueba. Conclusión: Los datos encontrados sugieren que no hay un cambio en la concentración de IgAs a través del tiempo en función de la capacidad aeróbica de los participantes.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Young Adult , Physical Endurance/physiology , Saliva/chemistry , Immunoglobulin A, Secretory/analysis , Anaerobic Threshold/physiology , Immunoglobulin A, Secretory/metabolism , Kinetics , Random Allocation , Cross-Sectional Studies , Exercise TestABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Avaliar a influência da suplementação com palmitato de retinol no pós-parto imediato sobre os níveis de imunoglobulina A secretora (SIgA) no colostro. MÉTODOS: Ensaio clínico realizado com 96 parturientes atendidas em uma maternidade pública, divididas em grupo controle, que não foi suplementado (n = 44), e teste, suplementado no primeiro dia pós-parto (n = 52). Coletaram-se amostras de 2 mL de colostro nos dois primeiros dias pós-parto. A SIgA foi quantificada por turbidimetria, e os dados, analisados por teste t de Student. RESULTADOS: Antes da suplementação, a média de SIgA foi de 829,1±337,6 mg/dL no grupo controle e 827,3±249,8 mg/dL no teste (p = 0,52). Após a suplementação, a média foi de 343,9±177,2 mg/dL no grupo não suplementado e 501,2±54,5 mg/dL no suplementado (p < 0,00001). CONCLUSÃO: O colostro de mulheres suplementadas com palmitato de retinol possui mais SIgA, sugerindo modulação da produção de anticorpos pela vitamina A.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of supplementation with retinyl palmitate in the immediate postpartum period on the levels of secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) in colostrum. METHODS: A clinical trial was conducted among 96 recently-delivered mothers treated at a public maternity hospital, divided into control group, which was not supplemented (n = 44), and test group, supplemented on the first day postpartum (n = 52). Samples of 2 mL of colostrum were collected on the first 2 days postpartum. SIgA was measured by turbidimetry and data were analyzed by the Student t test. RESULTS: Before supplementation, the average SIgA was 829.1±337.6 mg/dL in the control group and 827.3±249.8 mg/dL in the test group (p = 0.52). After supplementation, the average SIgA was 343.9±177.2 mg/dL in the unsupplemented group and 501.2±54.5 mg/dL in the supplemented group (p < 0.00001). CONCLUSION: The colostrum of women supplemented with retinyl palmitate has higher levels of SIgA, which suggests that the production of antibodies is modulated by vitamin A.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , Colostrum/immunology , Dietary Supplements , Immunoglobulin A, Secretory/analysis , Postpartum Period , Vitamin A/analogs & derivatives , Vitamins/administration & dosage , Immunoglobulin A, Secretory/metabolism , Vitamin A/administration & dosageABSTRACT
Intestinal barrier dysfunction plays an important role in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. In the present study, changes in the intestinal barrier with regard to levels of secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) and its components were studied in fulminant hepatic failure (FHF). Immunohistochemistry and double immunofluorescent staining were used to detect intestinal IgA, the secretory component (SC) and SIgA in patients with FHF (20 patients) and in an animal model with FHF (120 mice). Real-time PCR was used to detect intestinal SC mRNA in the animal model with FHF. Intestinal SIgA, IgA, and SC staining in patients with FHF was significantly weaker than in the normal control group (30 patients). Intestinal IgA and SC staining was significantly weaker in the animal model with FHF than in the control groups (normal saline: 30 mice; lipopolysaccharide: 50 mice; D-galactosamine: 50 mice; FHF: 120 mice). SC mRNA of the animal model with FHF at 2, 6, and 9 h after injection was 0.4 ± 0.02, 0.3 ± 0.01, 0.09 ± 0.01, respectively. SC mRNA of the animal model with FHF was significantly decreased compared to the normal saline group (1.0 ± 0.02) and lipopolysaccharide group (0.89 ± 0.01). The decrease in intestinal SIgA and SC induced failure of the intestinal immunologic barrier and the attenuation of gut immunity in the presence of FHF.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Mice , Immunoglobulin A, Secretory/immunology , Liver Failure, Acute/immunology , Case-Control Studies , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , Immunohistochemistry , Immunity, Mucosal/immunology , Immunoglobulin A, Secretory/metabolism , Intestinal Mucosa/immunology , Liver Failure, Acute/metabolism , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Real-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
Oxygen therapy is essential for the treatment of some neonatal critical care conditions but its extrapulmonary effects have not been adequately investigated. We therefore studied the effects of various oxygen concentrations on intestinal epithelial cell function. In order to assess the effects of hyperoxia on the intestinal immunological barrier, we studied two physiological changes in neonatal rats exposed to hyperoxia: the change in intestinal IgA secretory component (SC, an important component of SIgA) and changes in intestinal epithelial cells. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to detect changes in the intestinal tissue SC of neonatal rats. To detect intestinal epithelial cell growth, cells were counted, and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Giemsa staining were used to assess cell survival. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine SC expression. The expression of intestinal SC in neonatal rats under hyperoxic conditions was notably increased compared with rats inhaling room air (P < 0.01). In vitro, 40 percent O2 was beneficial for cell growth. However, 60 percent O2 and 90 percent O2 induced rapid cell death. Also, 40 percent O2 induced expression of SC by intestinal epithelial cells, whereas 60 percent O2did not; however, 90 percent O2 limited the ability of intestinal epithelial cells to express SC. In vivo and in vitro, moderate hyperoxia brought about increases in intestinal SC. This would be expected to bring about an increase in intestinal SIgA. High levels of SC and SIgA would serve to benefit hyperoxia-exposed individuals by helping to maintain optimal conditions in the intestinal tract.