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1.
J. bras. pneumol ; 46(1): e20180385, 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1056622

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the prevalence of smoking, as well as its association with sociodemographic factors, alcohol consumption, and stress levels, among industrial workers in Brazil. Methods: This was a nationwide survey, conducted in 24 capitals in Brazil through the application of a pre-tested questionnaire. The response to the question "What is your smoking status?" was the outcome variable. To determine the associations, we performed Poisson regression analyses in which the inputs were blocks of variables: block 1 (age and marital status); block 2 (level of education and gross family income); block 3 (geographic region); and block 4 (alcohol consumption and stress level). All analyses were stratified by gender. Results: The sample consisted of 47,328 workers ≥ 18 years of age, of whom 14,577 (30.8%) were women. The prevalence of smoking was 13.0% (15.2% in men and 7.9% in women). Advancing age, alcohol consumption, and a high stress level were positively associated with smoking. A lower risk of smoking was associated with being married, having a higher level of education, and living in the northeastern region of the country (versus the southern region). Conclusions: The prevalence of smoking was greater in men than in women. Alcohol consumption and high stress levels appear to promote smoking.


RESUMO Objetivo: Determinar a prevalência de tabagismo e sua associação com fatores sociodemográficos, consumo de bebidas alcoólicas e nível de estresse em trabalhadores industriários no Brasil. Métodos: Inquérito nacional realizado em 24 capitais brasileiras através da aplicação de um questionário previamente testado. A variável de desfecho foi obtida através da pergunta: "Com relação ao fumo, qual a sua situação?". Para determinar as associações, foram realizadas análises de regressão de Poisson com entrada de variáveis em blocos: nível 1 (idade e estado civil); nível 2 (escolaridade e renda familiar bruta); nível 3 (região geográfica) e nível 4 (consumo de bebidas alcoólicas e nível de estresse). Todas as análises foram estratificadas por sexo. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 47.328 trabalhadores com 18 anos ou mais de idade, sendo 14.577 mulheres (30,8%). A prevalência de tabagismo foi de 13,0% (15,2% em homens e 7,9% em mulheres). Aumento da faixa etária, consumo de bebidas alcoólicas e nível de estresse elevado associaram-se positivamente ao tabagismo. Estar casado, ter maior nível de escolaridade e residir na região nordeste do país (quando comparada com a região sul) estiveram associados com menores probabilidades de tabagismo. Conclusões: A prevalência de tabagismo variou entre os sexos, sendo maior entre os homens. O consumo de bebidas alcoólicas e o nível de estresse elevado favoreceram o uso do tabaco.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Stress, Psychological/epidemiology , Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology , Smoking/epidemiology , Industry/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Time Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Prevalence , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Factors , Occupational Health/statistics & numerical data , Sex Distribution , Age Distribution
2.
Porto Alegre; FEE; 2014. 32 p. ilus, map, tab, graf.(RS 2030: Agenda de Desenvolvimento Territorial, 1).
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-870374

ABSTRACT

O primeiro volume aborda as dinâmicas territoriais recentes e a evolução do debate sobre as questões regionais no Rio Grande do Sul, em artigo elaborado pela equipe do Departamento de Planejamento Governamental da Secretaria do Planejamento, Gestão e Participação Cidadã (Deplan-Seplag).


Subject(s)
Humans , Population Dynamics/statistics & numerical data , Population Growth , Regional Development , Emigrants and Immigrants/statistics & numerical data , Industry/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Urbanization
3.
Rev. saúde pública ; 46(1): 180-184, fev. 2012.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-611799

ABSTRACT

Estudo transversal visando estimar a prevalência das formas de deslocamento para o trabalho e identificar fatores associados em trabalhadores do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Um total de 2.265 trabalhadores responderam questionário sobre a forma de deslocamento utilizado para ir ao trabalho: caminhada/bicicleta, ônibus ou de carro/moto. Para estimar a associação entre o desfecho e variáveis sociodemográficas, ocupacionais e comportamental foi utilizada a regressão logística multinomial. O principal meio de deslocamento para o trabalho foi o ônibus (45,7 por cento). Trabalhadores com maior condição socioeconômica tiveram maior probabilidade de deslocamento passivo.


Cross-sectional study that aimed to estimate the prevalence of forms of commuting to and from work and to identify factors associated among industrial workers in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. A total of 2,265 workers completed a questionnaire on the forms of commuting to and from work (walking/biking, bus or car/motorcycle). Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate the association between the outcome and sociodemographic, occupational and behavioral variables. The main form of commuting to and from work was by bus (45.7 percent). Workers with higher socioeconomic condition were more likely to engage in passive commuting.


Estudio transversal buscando estimar la prevalencia de las formas de desplazamiento para el trabajo e identificar factores asociados en trabajadores del Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (sur de Brasil). Un total de 2.265 trabajadores respondieron cuestionario sobre la forma de desplazamiento utilizado para ir al trabajo: caminata/bicicleta, autobús o en carro/moto. Para estimar la asociación entre el resultado y variables sociodemográficas, ocupacionales y conductual se utilizó la regresión logística multinomial. El principal medio de desplazamiento para el trabajo fue el autobús (45,7 por ciento). Trabajadores con mayor condición socioeconómica tuvieron mayor probabilidad de desplazarse de forma pasiva.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Population Dynamics , Industry/statistics & numerical data , Leisure Activities , Transportation/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Exercise , Occupational Health , Surveys and Questionnaires , Sex Factors , Socioeconomic Factors , Transportation/methods
4.
Cad. saúde pública ; 25(4): 761-772, abr. 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-509761

ABSTRACT

O Setor Elétrico passou por recente processo de reestruturação produtiva com reflexos nas condições e organização do trabalho, podendo comprometer a capacidade para o trabalho. Este estudo objetivou avaliar fatores associados à capacidade para o trabalho junto a 475 trabalhadores de uma empresa do Setor Elétrico no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Neste estudo transversal foi realizada análise descritiva e análise de regressão linear múltipla. A média do Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho (ICT) foi de 41,8 pontos (escala de 7,0 a 49,0 pontos). A análise múltipla mostrou que os fatores que melhor explicaram a variabilidade do ICT foram estresse no trabalho (p < 0,001) e saúde física (p < 0,001 em todas as dimensões). Em outra análise, excluídas as dimensões da saúde, as variáveis associadas ao ICT foram estresse no trabalho (p < 0,001), local de trabalho (p = 0,022), prática de atividade física (p = 0,001), consumo de álcool (p = 0,012) e índice de massa corporal (p < 0,001). Os resultados identificaram aspectos a serem considerados no desenvolvimento de medidas visando a preservação da capacidade para o trabalho, com ênfase no controle do estresse no trabalho e na promoção da saúde.


The Brazilian electric utility sector has recently undergone major industrial restructuring, with impacts on working conditions and work organization that could jeopardize the capacity for work. This study aimed to evaluate factors associated with labor capacity in a sample of 475 workers from an electric utility company in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. This cross-sectional study included descriptive and multiple linear regression analyses. The mean labor capacity index (LCI) was 41.8 points (on a scale from 7.0 to 49.0). Multiple regression showed that the factors that best explained LCI variability were work stress (p < 0.001) and physical health (p < 0.001 in all the dimensions). In a separate analysis, excluding all the health dimensions, the variables associated with LCI were work stress (p < 0.001), workplace (p = 0.022), physical activity (p = 0.001), alcohol consumption (p = 0.012), and body mass index (p < 0.001). The results highlighted aspects to be considered when developing measures to protect labor capacity, with an emphasis on stress prevention and health promotion.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Health Status , Industry/statistics & numerical data , Life Style , Work Capacity Evaluation , Workload/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Electricity , Linear Models , Socioeconomic Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires , Workload/psychology
5.
Rev. latinoam. enferm ; 16(5): 818-823, Sept.-Oct. 2008. tab
Article in English, Spanish, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-498505

ABSTRACT

The study aims to identify percutaneous injuries correlates in the nursing team from a Brazilian tertiary-care hospital. A case-control study was conducted from January 2003 to July 2004, including 200 cases and 200 controls. Cases and controls were paired by gender, professional category, and work section. To evaluate the relationship between potential risk/protective factors and the outcome, odds ratios were estimated, using multivariate logistic regression methods. The results shown six predictors of percutaneous injuries: "recapping needles" (OR 9.48; CI(95 percent): 5.29-16.96); "hours worked per week > 50 hours" (OR 2.47; CI(95 percent): 1.07-5.67); "years in nursing practice < 5 years" (OR 6.70; CI(95 percent): 2.42-18.53); "work shift in night" (OR 2.77; CI(95 percent): 1.35-5.70); "low self evaluation of risk" (OR 10.19; CI(95 percent): 3.67-28.32) and "previous percutaneous injuries" (OR 3.14; CI(95 percent): 1.80-5.48). The results support the recommendation of applying effective strategies to prevent percutaneous injuries in the nursing team working on tertiary-care institutions.


La finalidad del estudio fue identificar factores asociados a los accidentes percutáneos en el equipo de enfermería de un hospital terciario. Un estudio caso-control fue conducido entre enero de 2003 y julio de 2004, con selección de 200 casos y 200 controles, emparejados según género, categoría profesional y sector de trabajo. Las medidas de asociación utilizadas fueron las razones de momios, estimados mediante la regresión logística multivariada. Seis predictores para los accidentes percutáneos fueron identificados: "reencapsular agujas" (OR 9.48; CI(95 por ciento): 5.29-16.96); "jornada semanal > 50 horas" (OR 2.47; CI(95 por ciento): 1.07-5.67); "experiencia en la enfermería < 5 años" (OR 6.70; CI(95 por ciento): 2.42-18.53); "trabajar en jornada nocturna" (OR 2.77; CI(95 por ciento): 1.35-5.70); "auto-evaluar como bajo el riesgo de accidentes" (OR 10.19;CI(95 por ciento): 3.67-28.32) y "accidentes percutáneos previos" (OR 3.14; CI(95 por ciento): 1.80-5.48). Los resultados permiten la recomendación de estrategias efectivas para la prevención de accidentes percutáneos en el equipo de enfermería de hospitales terciarios.


O estudo teve por objetivo identificar fatores associados aos acidentes percutâneos na equipe de enfermagem de um hospital terciário. Um estudo caso-controle foi conduzido entre janeiro de 2003 a julho de 2004, com seleção de 200 casos e 200 controles, emparelhados segundo gênero, categoria profissional e setor de trabalho. As medidas de associação utilizadas foram os odds ratios, estimados por meio da regressão logística multivariada. Seis preditores para os acidentes percutâneos foram identificados: "reencapar agulhas" (OR 9.48; CI(95 por cento): 5.29-16.96); "jornada semanal > 50 horas" (OR 2.47; CI(95 por cento): 1.07-5.67); "experiência na enfermagem < 5 anos" (OR 6.70; CI(95 por cento): 2.42-18.53); "trabalhar em jornada noturna" (OR 2.77; CI(95 por cento): 1.35-5.70); "auto-avaliar como baixo o risco de acidentes" (OR 10.19;CI(95 por cento): 3.67-28.32) e "acidentes percutâneos prévios" (OR 3.14; CI(95 por cento): 1.80-5.48). Os resultados permitem a recomendação de estratégias efetivas para a prevenção de acidentes percutâneos na equipe de enfermagem de hospitais terciários.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Hospitals, University/statistics & numerical data , Industry/statistics & numerical data , Needlestick Injuries/epidemiology , Nurses/statistics & numerical data , Brazil/epidemiology , Case-Control Studies , Demography
6.
Rev. latinoam. enferm ; 16(n.esp): 517-522, July-Aug. 2008. tab
Article in English, Spanish, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-489061

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to identify variables associated to the consumption of benzodiazepine among workers of a private company in the VIII Region, Chile. This is a cross-sectional and correlative study. Study population: 40 employees of a private company. The instruments included a questionnaire on socio-demographic variables and a benzodiazepine questionnaire. There was no record of benzodiazepine consumption at the moment of the study. Twenty percent (20 percent) of the interviewees had already used benzodiazepine in the past, whereas, half of them (10 percent) in the last year. The bivariate analysis of the last year consumption of benzodiazepine with work hours variables showed no significant relation (p=0.073). No association was found between benzodiazepine consumption and socio-demographic variables among the study participants.


El propósito de este estudio fue identificar las variables asociadas al consumo de benzodiazepinas en población trabajadora de una institución privada de la VIII Región, Chile. Diseño cuantitativo, transversal y correlacional. Población del estudio: 40 trabajadores de una empresa privada de la VIII Región, Chile. Instrumentos recolectores de datos. Cuestionario de variables biosociodemográficas y Cuestionario de benzodiazepinas. No se registró consumo de benzodiazepinas al momento del estudio. 20 por ciento de los entrevistados tenía antecedentes de consumo de benzodiazepinas en el pasado, de ellos la mitad (10 por ciento) en el último año. El análisis bivariado del consumo de benzodiazepinas en el último año con variables del trabajo sólo mostró una relación débilmente significativa (p= 0,073) con la jornada de trabajo. No se encontró asociación entre el consumo de benzodiazepines y las variables sociodemográficas entre los participantes del estudio.


O propósito deste estudo foi avaliar as variáveis associadas ao consumo de benzodiazepínicos em população trabalhadora de uma instituição privada da VIII Região, Chile. Este é um estudo quantitativo, transversal e correlacional. Participaram do estudo 40 trabalhadores de uma empresa privada da VIII Região, Chile. Para coleta dos dados utilizou-se um questionário com informações relacionadas às variáveis sócio-demográficas e Questionário de benzodiazepínicos. Não foi identificado consumo de benzodiazepínicos no momento do estudo. Constatou-se que 20 por cento dos entrevistados tinham antecedentes de consumo de benzodiazepínicos e, destes, a metade (10 por cento), no último ano. A análise bivariada do consumo de benzodiazepínicos no último ano com variáveis relacionadas ao trabalho mostrou uma relação pouco significativa (p= 0,073) com jornada de trabalho. Não foi identificada associação entre o consumo de benzodiazepínicos e as variáveis sócio-demográficas entre os participantes deste estudo.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Benzodiazepines , Industry/statistics & numerical data , Private Sector/statistics & numerical data , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Catchment Area, Health , Mental Health Services , Substance-Related Disorders/nursing , Substance-Related Disorders/rehabilitation
7.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 135(4): 473-479, abr. 2007. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-456658

ABSTRACT

Background: Financial relationships between the industry and researchers have raised concerns about the existence of conflicts of interest that could influence the scientific validity of the studies. Aim: To determine the financial sources of research articles published in the Revista Médica de Chile during a five-year period. Material and Methods: Retrospective analysis of all articles classified as ôresearch articlesõ, published in this journal between years 2001-2005, identifying the funding source and the existence of a declaration of conflicts of interest by the authors. Results: Two hundred seventeen out of 519 research articles published in the period (42 percent) had an explicit financial source disclosed. Of these, 28 percent were funded by internal sources, 36 percent by Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico and 36 percent by other sources. Twenty-six studies (5 percent) received funding from the industry. In only five of these, the authors explicity declared the absence of conflict of interest. Among the studies that did not disclose any financial source, one third required some funding to be carried out. Conclusions: Forty two percent of research articles published in the last five years did not specify the financial source. Those that did specify a funding source were mainly supported by non-profit agencies including university centers and governmental funds. This is in contrast with international reports that evidence an important financial support from the industry. Only a minority of the authors sponsored by the industry declared absence of conflict of interest.


Subject(s)
Biomedical Research , Conflict of Interest , Disclosure/statistics & numerical data , Periodicals as Topic , Research Support as Topic/statistics & numerical data , Academies and Institutes/statistics & numerical data , Chile , Financing, Government/statistics & numerical data , Industry/statistics & numerical data , Retrospective Studies , Time Factors
8.
Arq. ciênc. saúde ; 14(1): 31-35, jan.-mar. 2007. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-471537

ABSTRACT

A Saúde Ocupacional abrange ações voltadas à saúde do trabalhador, realizadas por equipe multiprofissional,no âmbito das Vigilâncias Sanitária e Epidemiológica. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar a equipe de enfermagem que atua na saúde ocupacional em indústrias e hospitais de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo.Encontrou-se 178 empresas cadastradas nesta cidade, das quais 112 possuíam serviço médico de saúde ocupacional; e seis hospitais, onde cinco possuíam serviço médico de saúde ocupacional. Nestes serviços foram entrevistados 10 profissionais de enfermagem do trabalho, 80% do sexo feminino; 40% com idade entre 31 a 40 anos; 50% solteiros; 40% formados entre cinco e oito anos; 60% com experiência anterior na área; 50% com jornada de trabalho diária de 8 horas. Verificaram-se infrações ético-legais dos profissionais estudados, dimensionamento de pessoal inadequado e, que a maioria dos serviços eram terceirizados, evidenciando a necessidade de outras pesquisas no contexto da inserção da enfermagem do trabalho na equipe de saúde ocupacional.


Occupational Health comprises actions concerned with the worker´s health; they are performed bymultiprofessional teams, in settings like Sanitary and Epidemiological Vigilance services. This study aimed atidentifying the nursing team that works with occupational health in the industries and hospitals of São Josédo Rio Preto, São Paulo. A total of 178 registered industries were found in this city; out of these 112 havebeen providing medical services related to occupational health, and six hospitals, five with this service. Tenoccupational health nursing professionals were interviewed in these services: 80% were females; 40% agedbetween 31 and 40 years; 50% were unmarried; 40% have been graduated for 5 to 8 years ago; 60% hadprevious experience in this area; 50% had 8-working hours daily . We found ethical and legal breach amongthese studied professionals, inadequate staff dimensioning, and the majority of the service was outsourcing. The need for further investigations is required on the participation of these nurses in the occupationalhealth team.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Nursing, Team/statistics & numerical data , Hospitals/statistics & numerical data , Industry/statistics & numerical data , Occupational Health/statistics & numerical data
9.
Rev. CEFAC ; 8(2): 235-239, abr.-jun. 2006. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-446334

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: analisar o perfil audiológico de trabalhadores expostos a ruído e produtos 1químicos, em usina de açúcar e álcool. Métodos: análise de audiometrias de trabalhadores expostos aos diferentes riscos auditivos: risco químico (Laboratório Industrial), risco químico e de ruído (Preparo de Caldo) eruído (Casa de Força). Resultados: 40% dos trabalhadores do setor Laboratório Industrial apresentaram grau de perda 1, certificando a maior porcentagem de perdas. No setor Preparo de Caldo, 10%dos trabalhadores apresentaram grau de perda 1 e, 20% apresentaram grau de perda 2, demonstrando assim o menor número de perdas, mas com maior grau encontrado, indicando a nocividade ampliada dos agentes associados. No setor Casa de Força 20% dos trabalhadores apresentaram grau de perda 1. Conclusão: os achados demonstram a existência do risco auditivo não só na exposição ao ruído,mas também na exposição a produtos químicos, indicando maior gravidade quando a exposição é associada.


Purpose: to analyze the audiological profile of workers exposed to Noise and Chemical Products, in sugar and alcohol plant . Methods: audiometric analysis, in workers exposed to different hearing risks: chemical (Industrial laboratory), chemical and noise (Preparation of Broth) and noise (House of Force).Results: 40% of the workers in the Industrial Laboratory showed degree of hearing loss 1, certifying the largest percentage of hearing loss. In Preparation of Broth, 10% of the workers showed degree of hearing loss 1 and, 20% showed degree of hearing loss 2, demonstrating the smallest number of hearing loss, but with larger degree found, indicating the associated agents’ enlarged noxiousness. InHouse of Force section , 20% showed degree of loss 1. Conclusion: the study shows that the hearing risk is not found just in noise exposure, but also with chemical products exposure, demonstrating larger risk with associated exposure.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Chemical Compound Exposure , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Industry/statistics & numerical data , Hearing Loss/diagnosis , Noise, Occupational/adverse effects
10.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health ; 2005 Jul; 36(4): 1048-56
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-30953

ABSTRACT

This paper aims to describe chronic diseases including hearing loss reported by people in a small rural community. It will present the results of audiometric screening among a group of people in this community and their self reported risk factors of hearing loss. Different risk factors experienced by men and women will be compared. Two surveys were conducted in a small Queensland rural community. The first survey gathered information relating to chronic diseases among 604 people using a telephone interview method. The second survey assessed the level of hearing among 64 people who presented themselves for audiometric screening, their history of exposure to loud noise and their previous use of hearing protective measures. A higher rate of "industrial deafness" was reported (110.75 per 1,000 population) than the 1995 National rate (95.2 per 1,000 population). Of 64 people who attended the audiometric assessment, 60 (93.8%) had some level of hearing loss using the 2000 International Standard of hearing level (ISO 7029: 2000) taking age and gender into account. However, 15 persons (23.4%) perceived that they had good hearing. When compared to ISO 7029: 2000 standard, men and women had a similar pattern of hearing loss. Compared to men, a lower percentage of women were exposed to different sources of loud noise and were less likely to use hearing protection devices.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Audiometry/statistics & numerical data , Auditory Perception , Cluster Analysis , Employment/statistics & numerical data , Environmental Monitoring/statistics & numerical data , Female , Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/epidemiology , Humans , Industry/statistics & numerical data , Male , Middle Aged , Noise , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Occupational Exposure/prevention & control , Queensland/epidemiology , Rural Population/statistics & numerical data
11.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 132(9): 1100-1108, sept. 2004. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, MINSALCHILE | ID: lil-443214

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The issue of medically justified work absenteeism has a great relevance in Chile at the present moment. AIM: To analyze sick leaves among people working in hospitals, mines, automotive industry and universities. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Analysis of 14 thesis and research papers about absenteeism in Chile. The incapacity rate (number of days with sick leave per worker per year, the frequency rate (number of sick leaves per year per worker) and the severity rate (mean duration of sick leaves) were calculated. The diseases causing the highest rates of absenteeism were also recorded. RESULTS: The mean age of the studied populations was 36 years old and the most common diseases causing absenteeism were respiratory, rheumatologic and trauma. Hospital workers had the highest incapacity rate with 14.3 days of sick leave per worker per year, followed by mining industry with 12 days, automotive industry with 7.1 days and universities with 6 days. CONCLUSIONS: In Chile, respiratory diseases are the main cause of sick leaves and hospital workers have the highest incapacity rate.


Subject(s)
Humans , Absenteeism , Occupational Diseases/epidemiology , Sick Leave/statistics & numerical data , Workplace/statistics & numerical data , Work Capacity Evaluation , Chile/epidemiology , Hospitals/statistics & numerical data , Industry/statistics & numerical data , Universities/statistics & numerical data , Severity of Illness Index
12.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2001 Mar; 49(1): 43-7
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-72369

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Occupational ocular trauma is an important cause of acquired monocular blindness in a rapidly industrialising country like India. Knowledge of the epidemiology of occupational eye injuries is essential to formulate viable industrial safety measures. METHOD: We retrospectively reviewed all patients with occupational open globe injuries between 1994 and 1998. We documented the circumstances of the injuries, their clinical findings and the use of appropriate protective eyewear at the time of the injury. The visual acuity 6 months after the injury was the final outcome measure. RESULTS: In this study period we examined 43 patients with open globe injuries sustained at the work place. Thirty-four (79.1%) patients were young males. The iron and steel industry accounted for 19 (44.2%) cases while 8 (18.6%) patients each were from the agricultural, mining and other small scale industrial sectors. At the time of the injury, 33 (76.7%) were not wearing the recommended protective eyewear and 6 (13.9%) were under the influence of alcohol. The injuries were mild in 6 (13.9%), moderate in 18 (41.9%) and severe in 19 (44.2%) patients. At the end of 6 months, 2 (4.7%) patients had a visual acuity of 6/12 or better, 4 (9.3%) had a visual acuity of 6/18 to 6/60 and 29 (67.4.%) had a vision of <6/60. Eight (18.6%) patients were not available for follow up. CONCLUSIONS: Occupational open globe injuries are usually severe and are associated with a poor visual outcome. Mandatory use of protective eyewear and alcohol-free environment at the work place is likely to reduce the incidence of severe occupational open globe injuries.


Subject(s)
Accidents, Occupational , Adolescent , Adult , Agriculture/statistics & numerical data , Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects , Eye Injuries, Penetrating/epidemiology , Eye Protective Devices , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Incidence , India/epidemiology , Industry/statistics & numerical data , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Trauma Severity Indices
13.
Salud pública Méx ; 41(4): 286-96, jul.-ago. 1999. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-258901

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Analizar factores de salud, laborales y sociales que contribuyen a renunciar al trabajo en dos maquiladoras transnacionales del ramo electrónico de Tijuana. Material y métodos. Se realizó un estudio de cohorte a 725 mujeres empleadas en una planta japonesa y una estadunidense, entre enero y 1992 y marzo de 1994. La muestra se estratificó en dos intervalos de tiempo ó 30 y > 30 días laborados. Se efectuó un seguimiento de las mujeres hasta su renuncia o final del periodo de observación, mediante la recolección de información sobre variables de salud, sociales y ocupacionales de diversas fuentes de registro obtenidas de su centro de trabajo. Los motivos de renuncia y la confiabilidad de los datos obtenidos de los registros se estudiaron por medio de entrevistas de seguimiento realizadas a 46 por ciento (n= 148) de las trabajadoras que renunciaron y fueron localizadas aproximadamente 12 meses (desviación estándar= 6.7) después de su renuncia. Resultados. La probabilidad acumulativa de renunciar al trabajo fue de 67 por ciento en el primer año y de 81 por ciento en el segundo. La ausencia de antecedentes laborales previos, turno diurno y nacionalidad de la compañía, resultaron factores predictivos para la renuncia al empleo durante los primeros 30 días. Tabaquismo, antecedentes quirúrgicos y haberse incapacitado por enfermedad general después de controlar por otras variables, actuaron como factores predictivos para la renuncia posterior a 30 días. En contraposición, la tasa de renuncia posterior a 30 días resultó menor para mujeres con enfermedades crónicas. Conclusiones. La renuncia al empleo en las maquiladoras es elevada y selectiva; en tanto que los factores ocupacionales se asociaron con la renuncia temprana, los relacionados con la salud fueron mejores factores predictivos para la renuncia posterior a los primeros 30 días


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Unemployment/statistics & numerical data , Women, Working/statistics & numerical data , Women's Health , Industry , Industry/statistics & numerical data , Electronics/statistics & numerical data , Electronics , Time Factors , Cohort Studies , Mexico , Occupational Health Services , Occupational Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Data Collection/methods
14.
Indian J Physiol Pharmacol ; 1998 Apr; 42(2): 245-51
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-108021

ABSTRACT

Two hundred seventy four healthy working women subjects representing different states were subjected to pulmonary function testing to establish linear multiple regression model. Lung functions were considered as dependent variables while age, height and weight as independent variables. Highly significant negative correlation of all lung function parameters with age and positive correlations with height and weight were observed. Females showed a decline of 0.203, 0.199 and 0.210 litres per decade in FVC, FEV0.75 and FEV1.0 parameters respectively. An increase in FVC, FEV0.75 and FEV1.0 values was found to be 0.0217, 0.0132 and 0.0178 litres respectively per unit centimeter increase in height.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aging/physiology , Female , Humans , Industry/statistics & numerical data , Lung/physiology , Reference Values , Regression Analysis , Respiratory Function Tests/statistics & numerical data , Women, Working/statistics & numerical data
18.
Kinesiologia ; (32): 4-15, ene.-abr. 1992. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-196150

ABSTRACT

Se presenta un estudio de distribución de frecuencia de enfermedades profesionales en Chile, según una serie de variables, como clasificación según rubro de actividades económicas, etc. Se pone especial atención a aquellas que por su frecuencia y permanente aumento en un período de 10 años, tienen algún grado de comparación de tasas observadas y esperadas se determina el subregistro que existe en Chile para esos años, en relación a la denuncias de enfermedades profesionales que partícularmente hacen los organismos estatales administradores de la ley 16.744. El método de investigación es descriptivo, la unidad de análisis son los anuarios del Ministerio de Salud referentes al tema, y los años estudiados comprenden la década 1977-1987


Subject(s)
Humans , Disease Notification/statistics & numerical data , Occupational Diseases/epidemiology , Physical Therapy Specialty/trends , Agriculture/statistics & numerical data , Chile/epidemiology , Sciatica/epidemiology , Commerce/statistics & numerical data , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Industry/statistics & numerical data , Intervertebral Disc Displacement/epidemiology , Joint Diseases/classification , Joint Diseases/epidemiology , Mining/statistics & numerical data , Occupational Diseases/classification , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Transportation/statistics & numerical data
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