ABSTRACT
Abstract One bioactive compound, identified as alternariol 9-methyl ether, was isolated from the crude extract of the endophytic fungus Alternaria sp. Samif01 residing in the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. Alternariol 9-methyl ether was active against bacteria with minimum inhibitory concentration values ranging from 25 to 75 µg/mL and median inhibitory concentration (IC50) values ranging from 16.00 to 38.27 µg/mL. The IC50 value of alternariol 9-methyl ether against spore germination of Magnaporthe oryzae was 87.18 µg/mL. Alternariol 9-methyl ether also showed antinematodal activity against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and Caenorhabditis elegans with IC50 values of 98.17 µg/mL and 74.62 µg/mL, respectively. This work is the first report on alternariol 9-methyl ether and its biological activities from the endophytic fungus Alternaria sp. Samif01 derived from S. miltiorrhiza Bunge. The results indicate the potential of Alternaria sp. Samif01 as a source of alternariol 9-methyl ether and also support that alternariol 9-methyl ether is a natural compound with high potential bioactivity against microorganisms.
Subject(s)
Animals , Alternaria/chemistry , Anti-Infective Agents/isolation & purification , Endophytes/chemistry , Lactones/isolation & purification , Alternaria/isolation & purification , Anti-Infective Agents/metabolism , Bacteria/drug effects , Endophytes/isolation & purification , Lactones/metabolism , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Magnaporthe/drug effects , Nematoda/drug effects , Plant Roots/microbiology , Salvia/microbiologyABSTRACT
Annonaceous acetogenins are a new class of compounds that have been reported to have potent pesticidal, parasiticidal, anti-microbial, cell growth inhibitory activities. In this study, organic and aqueous extracts from the defatted seeds of Annona squamosa (custard apple) were tested on different human tumour cell lines for antitumoural activity. While organic and aqueous extracts induced apoptosis in MCF-7 and K-562 cells, they failed to do so in COLO-205 cells. Treatment of MCF-7 and K-562 cells with organic and aqueous extracts resulted in nuclear condensation, DNA fragmentation, induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and reduced intracellular glutathione levels. In addition downregulation of Bcl-2 and PS externalization by Annexin-V staining suggested induction of apoptosis in MCF-7 and K-562 cells by both the extracts through oxidative stress. On the contrary, COLO-205 cells showed only PS externalization but no change in ROS and glutathione levels. These observations suggest that the induction of apoptosis by A. squamosa extracts can be selective for certain types of cancerous cells.
Subject(s)
Acetogenins , Annexin A5 , Annona/chemistry , Apoptosis/drug effects , Cell Line, Tumor , DNA Fragmentation/drug effects , Electrophoresis, Agar Gel , Fatty Alcohols/metabolism , Flow Cytometry , Glutathione/metabolism , Humans , Lactones/metabolism , Plant Extracts/metabolism , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Seeds/chemistryABSTRACT
Los estrógenos de origen vegetal han adquirido en los años recientes cierta importancia que justifica actualizar los conocimientos de que se dispone. Los compuestos con efecto estrogénico disponibles a través de vegetales de consumo alimenticio incluyen a las isoflavonas, las ligninas y las lactonas. Esta revisión comprende su estructura química, su metabolismo, su excreción y su efecto sobre los niveles plasmáticos de estrógenos, FSH, LH y SHBG así como su actividad sobre las lipoproteínas y, desde luego, su acción sobre los síntomas del climaterio y sobre el cáncer mamario