ABSTRACT
SUMMARY: In the sports field, sports are usually classified according to the predominance of the energy system used during the competition; sports like Crossfit and ultra-marathon could be totally opposite due to the needs of athletes to achieve good places. Due to the above, the objective was established to compare the dermatoglyphic profiles of CrossFit and Ultra-marathon athletes according to the predisposition of the energy systems, aerobic and anaerobic, used in the competitions. Cross-sectional descriptive study, where the dermatoglyphic profile of 21 athletes of national presence (10 crossfit and 11 ultra-marathon runners) was determined, through the Computerized Dermatoglyphic System, brand Salus Dermatoglifia, according to the Cummins and Midlo protocol, which consists of taking the fingerprints of the 10 fingers of the hands. The fingerprint designs of the human being (arch, loop and whorl) and the elements contained in them (nucleus and delta) were analyzed, differences were established through the Analysis of Variance test in the SPSS V.25 statistical package. The results show significant differences between the average scores of the line count of both disciplines (108 and 165), being higher in ultra-marathon runners, associated with greater aerobic resistance. Another significant and relevant finding was the presence of arch-type fingerprints only in CrossFit athletes associated, along with low line count, with strength and power. It is concluded that Crossfit and Ultra-marathon athletes have dissimilar natural physical characteristics, which is why they participate and excel in different sports where they have enhanced their natural physical abilities through training.
En el ámbito deportivo, los deportes suelen clasificarse según el predominio del sistema energético utilizado durante la competición; Deportes como el Crossfit y la ultramaratón podrían ser totalmente opuestos debido a las necesidades de los deportistas de conseguir buenos lugares. Debido a lo anterior, se estableció como objetivo comparar los perfiles dermatoglíficos de atletas de CrossFit y Ultramaratón según la predisposición de los sistemas energéticos, aeróbico y anaeróbico, utilizados en las competencias. Estudio descriptivo transversal, donde se determinó el perfil dermatoglífico de 21 deportistas de presencia nacional (10 crossfit y 11 ultramaratonistas), a través del Sistema Dermatoglífico Computarizado, marca Salus Dermatoglifia, según el protocolo Cummins y Midlo, el cual consta de tomando las huellas dactilares de los 10 dedos de las manos. Se analizaron los diseños dactilares del ser humano (arco, asa y verticilo) y los elementos contenidos en ellos (núcleo y delta), se establecieron diferencias mediante la prueba de Análisis de Varianza en el paquete estadístico SPSS V.25. Los resultados muestran diferencias significativas entre las puntuaciones medias del recuento de líneas de ambas disciplinas (108 y 165), siendo superiores en los corredores de ultramaratón, asociado a una mayor resistencia aeróbica. Otro hallazgo significativo y relevante fue la presencia de huellas dactilares tipo arco sólo en atletas de CrossFit asociadas, junto con un bajo número de líneas, con fuerza y potencia. Se concluye que los atletas de Crossfit y Ultramaratón tienen características físicas naturales disímiles, por lo que participan y destacan en diferentes deportes donde han potenciado sus capacidades físicas naturales a través del entrenamiento.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Dermatoglyphics , Athletes , Marathon Running , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
A análise do desempenho esportivo deve ser feita através de uma perspectiva que contemple a influência de diversos fatores. Neste contexto, fatores socioeconômicos e demográficos do estado apresentam-se, também, como preditores no desempenho esportivo, sobretudo em esportes que aparentemente são considerados "baratos e de fácil acesso" como é o caso da corrida de rua. Sendo assim, o propósito do trabalho é apresentar uma descrição da distribuição dos melhores corredores de rua a nível nacional, e verificar a relação entre a representatividade no ranking e variáveis relacionadas ao estado, sendo elas: índice de desenvolvimento humano, tamanho da população, rendimento mensal e produto interno bruto. Para verificação da distribuição dos corredores no país, foi verificada a frequência de atletas no ranking, conforme estado. A correlação de Sperman foi utilizada para verificar a relação existente entre as variáveis relacionadas ao estado e a presença dos corredores no ranking, sendo considerado p<0,05. Foi observada uma maior representatividade das regiões Sudeste e Sul, comparativamente às demais regiões do Brasil, para além do fato de que houve correlação positiva e significativa entre as variáveis "tamanho da população" e "produto interno bruto" com os estados representados no ranking. Deste modo, conclui-se que àquelas regiões que possuem melhores valores desses indicadores são mais propensas a obterem uma maior quantidade de atletas no ranking por fatores como: maior número de atletas praticantes da modalidade e fatores econômicos que sustentam os seus praticantes durante a dedicação ao esporte e que culminam em uma maior representatividade relativamente às demais regiões. (AU)
The analysis of sport performance should be performed through different predictors. Taking this into account, socioeconomic and demographic factors from the state where the person lives can be seeing as relevant determinants of the sport performance, especially in sports considered as "cheap and accessible", such as road running race. The purpose of the present study is to describe the distribution of the best road runners in Brazil, and to verify the relationship between the representativeness in the national ranking with variables related to the state, namely: human development index, state population size, monthly income, and gross domestic product. To determine the road runners' distribution across the country, the frequency of the runners presented in the ranking was reported according to Brazilian states. The Sperman correlation (r) was computed to verify the relationship between state predictors and the presence of runners in the ranking, with the significance level of p<0.05. It was observed a higher representativeness of the South and Southeast regions, compared with the other Brazilian geographical regions; in addition, a positive and significant correlation was observed between the variables "state population size" and "gross domestic product" with the states presented in the ranking. In conclusion, those regions with higher values in these indicators are more prone to have more runners in the ranking, given the highest number of subjects enrolled in this sport as well as socioeconomic factors that support the athletes during their practice, leading to a higher representativeness of this regions in relation to the other ones. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Running , Socioeconomic Factors , Athletic Performance , Athletes , Sports , Track and Field , Population Density , Development Indicators , State , Marathon Running , PersonsABSTRACT
Abstract Aim: The aims of the present study were to verify the self-perception level of the chronotype of amateur street runners and to test the association between the chronotype, gender, age, and preferred training time. Methods: A total of 166 amateur street runners were included (♀ = 89, age 38.9 ± 11.2 years; ♂ = 77, age 38.0 ± 9.7 years). The Brazilian version of the Horne & östberg questionnaire was used to assess chronotypes and the preferred training time was determined through a multiple choice question. Based on chronotype definitions that suggest that when free to choose, morning-types (MT) would prefer training in the morning, evening-types (ET) in the evening and neither-types (NT) would not have a predilection for any specific time. The corroboration of this hypothesis was assumed as self-perception level of the chronotypes. Results: Women showed higher self-perception levels of their chronotype compared to men (58.4% vs. 41.6%; χ2 = 4.699; p = 0.030). By chronotypes, MT, NT, and ET self-perception levels were 73.9%, 15.9%, 88.9%, respectively (χ2 = 57.489; p < 0.001). The most observed women circadian typology was MT, while in men it was NT (χ2 = 8.951; p = 0.011). However, there was no significant association between gender and preferred training time (χ2 = 2.654; p = 0.265). Age, female gender and preference to exercise during the day are associated with MT. Conclusion: Women runners showed a greater perception of their circadian traits than men, despite there was no association between gender and preferred training time.
Subject(s)
Humans , Physical Endurance/physiology , Chronobiology Phenomena/physiology , Marathon Running/physiology , Gender Equity , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
Se realizó una investigación analítica realizada in vitro en el laboratorio general del Hospital "Carlos Andrade Marín". La población estuvo compuesta por 20 barras de gutapercha marca Meta®Biomed (Korea), distribuidas en cuatro grupos compuestos por 5 barras atendiendo a características preestablecidas en cuanto a realización de termoplastificación y manipulación. Solo el 15% de las muestras se registró indicios de crecimiento bacteriano, de las que el 66,67% pertenecieron al grupo de barras sólidas de gutapercha que fueron manipuladas, estableciéndose diferencias significativas con respecto al resto de los grupos (p≤0.01), según la prueba de T-stu-dents. La mayoría de las muestras no mostró indicios de crecimiento bacteriano. Sin embargo, dos de las tres muestras que manifestaron esa actividad microbiológica pertenecieron al grupo de las barras sólidas de gutapercha que fueron manipuladas.
An in vitro analytical research was carried out in the general laboratory of the "Carlos Andrade Marín" Hospital. The population consisted of 20 bars of Meta®Biomed brand gutta-percha (Korea) distributed in four groups made up of 5 bars according to the pre-established characteristics in terms of thermoplasticization and handling. Only 15% of the selected samples showed signs of bacterial growth, of which 66.67% belonged to the group of solid gutta-percha bars that were manipulated, establishing specific differences with respect to the rest of the groups (p≤0.01), according to the T-students test. Most of the samples have no evidence of bacterial growth. However, two of the three samples that showed this microbiological activity belonged to the group of solid gutta-percha bars that were manipulated
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Bacterial Growth , Infection Control, Dental , Gutta-Percha , In Vitro Techniques , Marathon Running , HospitalsABSTRACT
We have carried out systematic studies to investigate the effect on supercontinuumgeneration in water using 40 fs laser pulses when doped with Homeopathic medicines. We perform these studies using five series of medications with different levels of dilution (10-30 to 10-100000). We measure supercontinuum spectra that span from 400-1050nm. We monitor the area under the curve in the range 450-750 nm for each sample at a fixed incident laser energy. Our observations indicate that the yield of supercontinuum generation, in water containing Homeopathic medicine is significantly different from that obtained in water containing plain ethanol. The measurement for different dilutions shows up to 7 times standard deviation variation in the yield of supercontinuum generationEven though linear absorption in the UV-visible region does not show any significant difference for different Homeopathic medicines, the supercontinuum yield which depends on the effective nonlinear refractive index changes with different samples. (AU)
Subject(s)
Water/chemistry , High Potencies , Marathon Running , HomeopathyABSTRACT
Resumen Objetivos: Dar a conocer la metodología y los resultados de la formación de promotores de la salud cardiovascular en el programa " Cartago da vida al corazón" Introducción: La enfermedad cardiovascular es el problema número uno de la salud en una gran cantidad de países de Latinoamérica. Esta enfermedad es de origen más conductual que biológico y se inicia en gran proporción por efecto de los estilos de vida inadecuados en la población. La intervención de la enfermedad se realiza usando estrategias individuales para los casos y poblacionales para los grupos en riesgo. La participación de la comunidad en la producción de su salud cardiovascular es una estrategia que ha demostrado tener un mayor impacto que las intervenciones individuales. Basado en la idea promocionada por el Ministerio de Salud de los Educadores Comunitarios de Salud (ECOS), se adaptó y validó una estrategia para promocionar la salud cardiovascular en las comunidades cartaginesas. Métodos: Se identificaron y motivaron los candidatos, se capacitaron durante un mínimo de 90 horas en los conocimientos básicos sobre los factores de riesgo cardiovascular, su medición y técnicas educativas. Se realizaron actividades de práctica con el grupo en formación y se le brindaron los elementos mínimos necesarios para que puedan planificar sus acciones elaborar proyectos comunales simples y evaluar su trabajo. Teóricamente a los promotores formados se les dio seguimiento sobre sus actividades en la comunidad y se les dio refrescamiento sobre conocimientos y practicas útiles en sus acciones. Resultados: Se han realizado seis cursos de formación en el que participaron 94 voluntarios, de éstos 50 se mantienen activos, algunos realizan acciones comunales como dar educación a grupos comunales, otros tienen grupos para realizar ejercicio físico y la mayoría colaboran con el programa en la realización de los talleres comunales de promoción de la salud cardiovascular. El 100% de los evaluados, ha logrado modificar por lo menos 1 factor de riesgo, 87% han modificado 2 factores, 76% modificaron tres factores, 52% cuatro factores y 32% 5 factores y más. Discusión: Es bien teorizado que la salud se producirá en mejor forma cuando se incorpore activa y sostenidamente la participación de la comunidad en los programas de salud. Sin embargo, este siempre ha sido un problema dado la participación siempre es escasa. En este proyecto se partió de la hipótesis que se mejora la participación y la acción dando a los voluntarios los elementos siguientes: motivación, capacitación, independencia funcional, seguimiento y evaluación. Se persigue que los voluntarios se empoderen del problema cardiovascular y sus factores de riesgo en sus comunidades y que por su propia iniciativa desarrollen acciones de intervención del riesgo. Los que están trabajando lo hacen bien, la falla ha estado en el seguimiento y re-motivación pues no se ha llevado a cabo en la forma en que propuso originalmente.
Abstract Aims: Publish the methodology and the results of the cardiovascular health promoters training in the Program Cartago da vida al corazón" (Catago gives life to the heart"). Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the first health problem in a large number of Latin American countries. This disease have a behavioral origin rather than biological and initiate in a large proportion because of inappropriate life styles in the population. The control of this disease is performed using individual strategies for cases and population strategies for groups in risk. Community participation in its own cardiovascular health production is a strategy that has shown having a better impact than individual interventions. Based on the idea of Educadores Comunitarios de Salud (ECOS), Health Community Teachers, promoted by the Ministry of Health, a strategy was adopted and validated for promoting cardiovascular health in the communities-of-Cartago-city. Methods: Candidates were identificated and motivated. They were trained for a minimum of 90 hours about basic knowledge related to cardiovascular risk factors, its measurement and educative techniques. It was conducted practical activities with the group being trained and they were given minimum required elements so they can plan their actions, prepare simple comunal projects and evaluate their work. Trained promoters were monitored about their activities in the community and were updated about their knowledge and useful practices for their actions. Results: Six training courses were conducted with the attendance of 94 volunteers from which 50 are still active. Some of they conduct activities like educate community groups, others have groups for physical exercising and most of them participate in the program conducting cardiovascular health promotion community workshops. Out of those that were evaluated, 100% have modified at least one risk factor, 87% have modified two factors, 76% modified three factors, 52% four factors and 32% five factors ore more. Discussion: It is well theorized that health will be produced better when community participation in the health programs is active and continuous. However, this have always been a problema because of the scarce participation. This Project started from the hypothesis that participation and action are improved by giving to the volunteers the following elements: motivation, training, functional independence, monitoring and evaluation. It is pursued to empower volunteers about the cardiovascular problem and its risk factors in their communities and to achieve that they develop risk intervention actions by their own initiative. Those that are working are doing well, the fault has been the monitoring and the remotivation since it has not been conducted as it was originally proposed.