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2.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 87(4): 295-304, ago. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-796820

ABSTRACT

Las mucopolisacaridosis (MPS) son un grupo de enfermedades raras (huérfanas), de baja prevalencia, caracterizadas por la deficiencia de enzimas que participan en el metabolismo de glucosaminglucanos (GAG) a nivel lisosomal. Se caracteriza por acumulación de GAG intracelular, produciendo alteraciones de múltiples órganos y sistemas. Su diagnóstico se basa en el conocimiento de las manifestaciones clínicas, realizar el análisis bioquímico para identificar el tipo de GAG que se está acumulando y confirmar el tipo de enfermedad con la determinación enzimática correspondiente. Su identificación es fundamental para iniciar un tratamiento oportuno, teniendo en cuenta que actualmente existe manejo transdisciplinario y tratamiento de reemplazo enzimático para MPS I (síndrome de Hurler), MPS II (síndrome de Hunter), MPS IV (síndrome de Morquio) y MPS VI (síndrome de Maroteaux-Lamy). En esta revisión se analizan cada uno de estos síndromes, su diagnóstico y tratamiento.


The mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a group of rare (orphan) diseases, characterised by a deficiency of enzymes involved in the metabolism of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) at lysosomal level. When there is a deficiency of a particular enzyme there is an accumulation of GAGs in the cells resulting in progressive cellular damage, which can affect multiple organ systems and lead to organ failure. Diagnosis is based on knowledge of the clinical manifestations, performing biochemical analyses to identify the type of GAG that is accumulating, and confirm the type of disorder with the corresponding enzymatic determination. Their identification is essential to initiate early treatment, taking into account that multidisciplinary management and enzyme replacement therapy is available for MPS I (Hurler syndrome), MPS II (Hunter syndrome), MPS IV (Morquio syndrome), and MPS VI (Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome. In this review, an analysis is made of each of these syndromes, as well as their diagnosis and treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Mucopolysaccharidoses/physiopathology , Enzyme Replacement Therapy/methods , Glycosaminoglycans/metabolism , Mucopolysaccharidoses/diagnosis , Mucopolysaccharidoses/therapy
3.
REME rev. min. enferm ; 14(2): 271-276, abr.-jun. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-575921

ABSTRACT

Relato de experiência por meio do qual objetiva-se discutir e divulgar o processo de desospitalização de crianças portadoras de mucopolissacaridose (MPS) ocorrido em Hospital de Pediatria Professor Heriberto Ferreira Bezerra(HOSPED) em Natal-RN. A MPS é uma doença genética que resulta da deficiência de enzimas lisossômicas. A terapêutica medicamentosa consiste na terapia de reposição enzimática (TRE) específica, medicação de alto custo, administrada semanalmente em aproximadamente quatro horas. Como problema, observou-se que esses pacientes eram submetidos à internação hospitalar por vinte e quatro horas, somente para este tratamento, sendo liberados no dia seguinte. A partir daí, iniciou-se uma inquietação por parte da equipe multiprofissional, em que se questionou a necessidade da internação. A desospitalização é a nova tendência da assistência hospitalar, relacionada aos benefícios ao paciente,diminuindo os riscos de infecções, traumas, privações afetivas e sociais, bem como a diminuição de custos hospitalares e disponibilidade de leitos para outros tratamentos. A não internação favoreceu os portadores de MPS, permitindo-lhes que passassem poucas horas no ambulatório, sendo liberadas após o término da terapêutica. A equipe de enfermagem do ambulatório hoje assume integralmente a TRE, construindo vínculo com as crianças e seus familiares, tendo sido elaboradas estratégias para a assistência com criatividade e compromisso social, além de realização de melhorias na estrutura física, estabelecendo um ambiente confortável. Atualmente, tem-se a preocupação com o financiamento da TRE, visto que o HOSPED não é credenciado como Hospital Dia e depende da aquisição de tais enzimas por liminares judiciais para garantir a continuidade do tratamento.


This article reports the experience which purpose is to divulge and discuss the process of dehospitalization for children with mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) at the Pediatric Hospital Professor Heriberto Ferreira Bezerra (HOSPED) in the city of Natal / RN. The MPS are a genetic disease that results from deficiency of lysosomal enzymes. The drug therapy is the enzyme-replacement therapy (TRE). It has a high cost for the dose is administered weekly as a four hour infusion. The problem is that these patients were hospitalized for twenty-four hours to receive the treatment, being discharged after that. At this point the necessity for hospitalization was questioned. The dehospitalization is the new trend in hospital care, as it reduces the risk for infections and trauma, the emotional and social deprivation as well as it lower costs as more hospital beds are made available for other treatments. The non-hospitalization process allows the child to spend a few hours in the clinic, being released after the therapy administration. The nursing staff from the ambulatory is now completely responsible for the TRE, establishes bonds with the children and their families, and is prepared to assist with creative strategies for assistance and social commitment, thus, achieving improvements in physical structure,and creating a comfortable environment. Currently there is concern about the TRE financing, because the hospital is not accredited as a day care hospital and depends on court injunctions to purchase the enzymes and to ensure the continuity of the treatment.


Se trata de un informe de experiencia que tiene por objeto difundir y discutir el proceso de deshospitalización de niños con mucopolisacaridosis (MPS) en el Hospital de Pediatría Profesor Heriberto Ferreira Bezerra (HOSPED) deNatal / RN. Las MPS es una enfermedad genética resultado de la deficiencia de enzimas lisosomas. La terapéutica medicamentosa consiste en terapia de reemplazo enzimático (TRE) específica, de alto costo, administrada una vez por semana en aproximadamente cuatro horas. El problema observado fue que estos pacientes permanecían internado sen el hospital durante veinticuatro horas sólo para efectuar este tratamiento y eran liberados al día siguiente. A partir de entonces, el equipo de enfermeros comenzó a cuestionar la necesidad de la hospitalización. La deshospitalizaciónes la nueva tendencia en la atención hospitalaria, relacionada a los beneficios para el paciente, reduciendo el riesgo de infecciones, traumas, falta de afecto y aspecto social. Además, reduciría los costos y aumentaría la disponibilidad de camas para otros tratamientos. La no internación favoreció a los niños con MPS y permitió que pasasen pocas horas en el ambulatorio y que se fuese a su casa después del tratamiento. Actualmente, el equipo de enfermería de del ambulatorio es responsable del TRE y ha establecido un vínculo con los niños y sus familiares., construyendo la relación con los niños y sus familias, por haber sido preparadas para ayudar con estrategia creativa de asistencia y compromiso social, y también logro de mejoras en la estructura física, creando un ambiente confortable. Actualmente existe preocupación por la financiación de la TRE, pues lo HOSPED no está acreditado como un hospital día, y depende de la compra de tales enzimas por mandamientos judiciales para garantizar la continuidad del tratamiento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Delivery of Health Care , Nursing Care , Day Care, Medical , Mucopolysaccharidoses/nursing , Mucopolysaccharidoses/therapy , Child Health
4.
Genet. mol. res. (Online) ; 6(3): 667-674, 2007. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-498903

ABSTRACT

Mucopolysaccharidoses are a group of inherited metabolic diseases caused by the absence or deficiency of the lysosomal enzymes that are needed for breaking down glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Over time, GAGs collect in cells, blood and connective tissues, and increased amounts are excreted in the urine. The result is permanent and includes progressive cell damage that affects the individual’s appearance, physical abilities, organ and system functioning and, in certain cases, mental development. Enzyme replacement therapies are currently in use or are being tested for at least three different subtypes (I, II and VI). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of laronidase for treating mucopolysaccharidosis type I. A systematic review of the literature was conducted. A computerized electronic search was then conducted using the CENTRAL, Pubmed, EMBASE, and LILACS databases, to identify any randomized controlled trials. The last date of the search was June 2006. There was no possibility of combining the results, because only one study was included. In the pivotal placebo-controlled trial conducted over a 26-week period, there was a reduction in the urinary excretion of GAGs among treated patients. Regarding adverse events, there were no laronidase-related serious adverse events or deaths. Laronidase seems to be a promising agent for treating mucopolysaccharidosis type I, as shown by the reduction in the urinary excretion of GAGs and the associated improvements in vital capacity and in the performance of defined physical tasks.


Subject(s)
Humans , Glycoside Hydrolases/metabolism , Mucopolysaccharidoses/therapy , Genetic Therapy/adverse effects , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
5.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 31(1): 8-16, abr. 2004. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-362152

ABSTRACT

Las mucopolisacaridosis (MPS) son errores innatos del metabolismo de los glicosaminoglicanos (GAG), que ocurren por déficit de alguna de las enzimas que degradan estas moléculas en los lisosomas. Esto conduce al depósito intralisosomal progresivo de GAG en diferentes tejidos, lo que explica el carácter multistémico de estas patologías. Las MPS, se presentan con una frecuencia aproximada de 1 caso en 10.000 a 25.000 recién nacidos vivos y son de herencia autosómica recesiva, salvo la MPS II o enfermedad de Hunter, que se hereda ligada al cromosoma X. Las características clínicas más frecuentes de las MPS son la presencia de rasgos faciales toscos, macrocefalia, opacidades corneales, disostosis múltiple, talla baja, valvulopatía mitroaórtica, hepatoesplenomegalia, hernias umbilical e inguinales, con o sin retraso del desarrollo sicomotor y con un deterioro neurológico progresivo. Salvo para las formas menos severas de MPS I, hasta ahora no hay un tratamiento efectivo para estas patologías, por lo que el daño sistémico progresivo produce la muerte entre los fines de la primera y de la cuarta década de la vida. En esta revisión se discuten las características clínicas de las MPS con las particularidades de cada fenotipo, el modo de confirmar el diagnóstico y los avances recientes en su tratamiento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Glycosaminoglycans/analysis , Glycosaminoglycans/metabolism , Glycosaminoglycans/urine , Metabolism, Inborn Errors , Mucopolysaccharidoses/diagnosis , Mucopolysaccharidoses/etiology , Mucopolysaccharidoses/physiopathology , Mucopolysaccharidoses/therapy , Enzymes/deficiency , Lysosomes
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