Transumbilical endoscopic cholecystectomy in a porcine model

PURPOSE: Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) is a new technique. This study describes our initial experience of NOTES and investigates the feasibility of transumbilical endoscopic cholecystectomy (TUEC). METHODS: Eight domestic pigs were submitted to TUEC. After establishment of pneumoperitoneum, a bi-channel endoscope was placed through an infra-umbilical trocar. The gallbladder fundus was lifted by a grasper. The cystic duct and artery was dissected with a flexible hook and clipped by a clip fixing device. The specimen was extracted through the infra-umbilical trocar. RESULTS: The mean operation time was 114 minutes, ranging from 75 to 155 minutes. All the gallbladders were removed successfully. There was one case of subtotal resection, two cases of bleeding and three cases of bile leakage. CONCLUSION: Transumbilical endoscopic cholecystectomy is feasible although it needs more support of experiments and techniques before being applied on human subjects.

Cirugía transanal a través de puerto único (TAMIS). Revisión frente otras técnicas de excisión endoscópica de lesiones rectales / Transanal surgery through single port (TAMIS). Revision front of the techniques of endoscopic excision of rectal lesions

Introducción: los programas de screening y la mejora en las técnicas diagnósticas han aumentado el porcentaje de tumores rectales que se pueden tratar en estadios iniciales. La morbimortalidad asociada a la cirugía radical de la neoplasia rectal, así como la tendencia a una cirugía menos agresiva, ha hecho que se desarrollen las técnicas de abordaje transanal, aplicando las últimas tecnologías disponibles. Material y métodos: se realizó una revisión de la literatura, considerando las diferentes técnicas de excisión endoscópica. Resultados: la cirugía endoscópica transanal, en todas sus variantes, ha demostrado ser un abordaje seguro para el tratamiento de adenomas y tumores rectales en estadios iniciales (pT1N0). Conclusión: son necesarios más estudios que permitan demostrar la seguridad de ampliar esta técnica para el tratamiento de lesiones avanzadas, asociada a quimio-radioterapia neoadyuvante.

Background: screening programs and improvement of diagnostic techniques have increased the percentage of rectal tumors that can be treated in an early stage. Radical surgery of the rectum is associated with high morbimortality, and the general tendency towards a less aggressive surgery has led to the development of transanal techniques, adjusting the latest technologies available. Methods: a review of the literature, including the different types of endoscopic surgery available. Results: transanal endoscopic microsurgery, in all its variants, has proven to be a safe and effective method for treating rectal adenomas and early stage cancer (pT1N0). Conclusion: further studies are required to prove the safeness of these techniques on more advanced lesions, in association with neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy.

Principios de la resección endoscópica transuretral de próstata de alta performance (de 90 a 170 grs) / Principles of endoscopic transurethral resection high performance (90 to 170 grs)

Desde que aparecieron los tratamientos médicos efectivos en el adenoma de próstata, tales como las nuevas generaciones de .-bloqueantes en las que han desaparecido sus principales inconvenientes y el Finasteride y sobre todo desde que se popularizo su uso conjunto, los tratamientos quirúrgicos se han visto muy disminuidos en su indicación por parte de los urólogos, a expensa de los tratamientos farmacológico. Pero esta situación ha traído consigo nuevos retos, pues si bien una importante cantidad de pacientes no ha necesitado tratamiento quirúrgico, muchos de ellos o no responden al tratamiento o con el tiempo se hacen refractarios al mismo no dejando otra solución que la cirugía. Desde hace muchos años la resección endoscópica-transuretral es el Gold Standard para el tratamiento quirúrgico de la Hipertrofia Benigna de la próstata. Pero en la actualidad, merced a que el tamaño de la glándula prostática que requiere cirugía es mayor que el que nos enfrentábamos con anterioridad y tratando de no volver a épocas y técnicas quirúrgicas que se consideraban superadas, se revisó todas las posibilidades tecnológicas para que la RTU con sus ya reconocidas ventajas pueda continuar siento la opción quirúrgica de elección.

Since the effective medical treatments appeared in the adenoma of prostate, such as the new generations of .-blockers in those that their main inconveniences and the Finasteride have disappeared and mainly since have popularizes their combined use, the surgical treatments have been very diminished, to the expense of the pharmacological treatments, in their indication on the part of the urologist. But this situation had brought new challenges, because although an important quantity of patients has not needed surgical treatment, many of them or they don't respond to the treatment or with the time they become refractory to the same one not leaving another solution except the surgery. For many years the transurethral endoscope resection is the Standard Gold for the surgical treatment of the Benign Hypertrophy of the prostate. But at the present time, thanks to that the size of the gland prostatic that requires surgery is, bigger than the one that we faced previously and trying not to return to times and technical surgical that were considered overcome, we revise all the technological possibilities so that the RTU with their grateful advantages can already continue, I believe he the surgical option to be election.