Significance of TERT promoter mutation in differential diagnosis of non-invasive inverted urothelial lesions of bladder / 中华病理学杂志

Objective: To investigate the gene mutation of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter in inverted urothelial lesions of the bladder and its significance in differential diagnosis. Methods: From March 2016 to February 2022, a total of 32 patients with inverted urothelial lesions diagnosed in Department of Pathology at Qingdao Chengyang People's Hospital and 24 patients at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were collected, including 7 cases of florid glandular cystitis, 13 cases of inverted urothelial papilloma, 8 cases of inverted urothelial neoplasm with low malignant potential, 17 cases of low-grade non-invasive inverted urothelial carcinoma, 5 cases of high-grade non-invasive inverted urothelial carcinoma, and 6 cases of nested subtype of urothelial carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed for their clinical data and histopathological features. TERT promoter mutations were analyzed by Sanger sequencing in all the cases. Results: No mutations in the TERT promoter were found in the florid glandular cystitis and inverted urothelial papilloma. The mutation rates of the TERT promoter in inverted urothelial neoplasm with low malignant potential, low grade non-invasive inverter urothelial carcinoma, high grade non-invasive inverted urothelial carcinoma and nested subtype urothelial carcinoma were 1/8, 8/17, 2/5 and 6/6, respectively. There was no significant difference in the mutation rate of TERT promoter among inverted urothelial neoplasm with low malignant potential, low-grade non-invasive inverted urothelial carcinoma, and high-grade non-invasive inverted urothelial carcinoma (P>0.05). All 6 cases of nested subtype of urothelial carcinoma were found to harbor the mutation, which was significantly different from inverted urothelial neoplasm with low malignant potential and non-invasive inverted urothelial carcinoma (P<0.05). In terms of mutation pattern, 13/17 of TERT promoter mutations were C228T, 4/17 were C250T. Conclusions: The morphology combined with TERT promoter mutation detection is helpful for the differential diagnosis of bladder non-invasive inverted urothelial lesions.

Prognostic Value of ADAMTS Proteases and Their Substrates in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

Background: ADAMTS are metalloproteases with disintegrin and thrombospondin motifs. They are secreted proteases playing a role in biological processes such as inflammation, angiogenesis, and urogenital development. ADAMTS have specific substrates, such as the proteoglycans (PG) versican, aggrecan, and brevican. Despite data indicating a role of ADAMTS in tumor invasion and metastases, effects played by these molecules in cancer progression are still controversial. In ovarian cancer, the importance of ADAMTS gene mutations was recently described and related to chemotherapy outcome. Objective: To analyze protein levels of ADAMTS-1, -4, and -5, and TIMP-3 in human ovarian cancer classified as benign, borderline, or malignant. We also assessed the expression of the ADAMTS substrates aggrecan, brevican, and versican in these neoplasms. Correlations between overall survival and protein expression were performed. Methods: Tumors were classified according to the WHO Classification of Tumors of Female Reproductive Organs. Protein and PG expression was studied by immunohistochemistry. Differences in labeling were analyzed by percent measurements of stained areas. Results: ADAMTS-1, ADAMTS-5, and its tissue inhibitor TIMP-3 are increased in borderline and malignant tumors compared to benign neoplasms. Aggrecan and versican levels were increased in malignant subtypes compared to benign ovarian cancer. Higher ADAMTS-1, TIMP-3, and versican expression was associated with a shorter overall survival. Conclusions: Comparison of protease, TIMP-3, and substrate expression showed that in malignant tumors all ADAMTS and TIMP-3 expression levels were significantly raised compared to the substrates studied.

Clinicopathological values of NBS1 and DNA damage response genes in epithelial ovarian cancers

Epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs) are highly lethal gynecological malignancies with a high recurrence rate. Therefore, developing prognostic markers for recurrence after chemotherapy is crucial for the treatment of ovarian cancers. As ovarian cancers frequently respond to DNA-damaging agents, we assessed the clinicopathological significance of key double-strand DNA break (DSB) repair genes, including BRCA1, BRCA2, BARD1, ATM, RAD51 and NBS1 in EOC cell lines and paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 140 EOC patients treated with cytoreductive surgery, followed by platinum-based chemotherapy. These samples were analyzed for the clinicopathological impact of DSB genes by western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR. Of the DSB repair genes, BRCA1, ATM and NBS1, which are involved in the homologous recombination-mediated repair pathway, were related to aggressive parameters in EOC. When survival analysis was performed, NBS1 expression exhibited an association with EOC recurrence. Specifically, increased NBS1 expression was found in 107 out of 140 cases (76.0%) and correlated with advanced stage (P=0.001), high grade (P=0.001) and serous histology (P=0.008). The median recurrence-free survival in patients with positive and negative expression of NBS1 was 30 and 78 months, respectively (P=0.0068). In multivariate analysis, NBS1 was an independent prognostic factor for the recurrence of EOC. Together, these results suggest that NBS1 is a marker of poor prognosis for the recurrence of EOC and is associated with aggressive clinicopathological parameters.

Prevalence of Gastric Subepithelial Tumors in Korea: A Single Center Experience / 대한소화기학회지

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The incidental finding of gastrointestinal subepithelial tumors (SETs) is increasing with national cancer screening endoscopy. In a Swedish population, screening endoscopy found a prevalence of SETs of 0.36%. However, the prevalence of gastric SETs in Korean patients has not been described. Therefore, this study evaluated the prevalence of SETs of the stomach in a Korean patient population. METHODS: We reviewed endoscopic reports of 11,712 subjects who underwent screening esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) at Hanyang University Hospital between July 2012 and June 2013. RESULTS: Among 11,712 patients, 194 (1.7%) had SET of the stomach. Of these, 71 (prevalence, 0.6%) were male and 123 (prevalence, 1.1%) were female. When grouped by age, the prevalence of SET was as follows: 1.0% for patients in their twenties, 6.2% for those in their thirties, 19.1% for those in their forties, 33.0% for those in their fifties, 30.4% for those in their sixties, and 10.3% for those over 70 years of age. CONCLUSIONS: The overall prevalence of gastric SET among healthy examinees was 1.7%. The prevalence of gastric SET increased with age and was higher in female.

Importância clínica e correlação histológica das células glandulares atípicas detectadas no exame colpocitológico / Clinical implications and histological correlation of atypical glandular cells found in cervicovaginal smears

Introduction: Atypical glandular cells (AGC) are carriers of insufficient nuclear abnormalities for the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma, but exceed the criteria for classification as reactive glandular cells. This is an uncommon diagnosis, which may be associated with neoplastic lesions. Objective: To evaluate the clinical significance of primary cytological diagnosis of AGC through correlation with results of subsequent cyto-histologic examination. Materials and methods: 10 years retrospective study based on cervical cytologic results indicating AGC, classified as "possibly non-neoplastic" or "cannot exclude high-grade intraepithelial lesion". It was performed cyto-histopathological correlation in cases that were submitted to subsequent histopathological examination up to two years after cervical cytology analysis. Results: AGC were reported in 380 (0.06%) exams, providing 160 cases with subsequent biopsy. 85 (53.1%) of these, presented benign changes and 75 (46.9%) neoplastic lesions. From 114 "possibly non-neoplastic" cytological results, 71 (62.3%) had benign histological changes, and 43 (37.7%) neoplastic lesions, corresponding to a negative predictive value (NPV) of 62.3%. In contrast, among the 46 AGC "cannot exclude high-grade intraepithelial lesion" results, 14 (30.4%) presented benign changes and 32 (69.6%) neoplastic lesions (positive predictive value [PPV] = 69.6%). Discussion: The high rate of cancer associated with the diagnosis of AGC reassures the importance of recognizing these atypical cells in pap smears. The classification of "possibly non-neoplastic" and "cannot exclude high-grade intraepithelial lesion" may suggest the origin of cytological changes. Conclusion: Our results reinforce the importance of adequate follow-up of patients with AGC diagnosis on cervical cytology...

Introdução: Células glandulares atípicas (CGA) são portadoras de alterações nucleares insuficientes para o diagnóstico de adenocarcinoma, mas excedem os critérios para classificação como células glandulares reacionais. Trata-se de um diagnóstico incomum, porém pode relacionar-se com lesões neoplásicas. Objetivo: Avaliar o significado clínico do diagnóstico citológico primário indicando CGA por meio da correlação com os resultados de exames histológicos subsequentes. Materiais e métodos: Estudo retrospectivo de 10 anos com base em resultados colpocitológicos indicando CGA, classificados como "possivelmente não neoplásicas" ou "não se pode afastar lesão intraepitelial de alto grau". Realizou-se a correlação cito-histopatológica nos casos que foram submetidos ao exame histopatológico até dois anos após a análise colpocitológica. Resultados: CGA foram relatadas em 380 (0,06%) exames, dispondo-se de 160 casos com biópsia subsequente. Destes, 85 (53,1%) apresentavam alterações benignas e 75 (46,9%), lesões neoplásicas. Dos 114 resultados citológicos "possivelmente não neoplásicas", 71 (62,3%) apresentavam alterações histológicas benignas e 43 (37,7%), neoplásicas, correspondendo a um valor preditivo negativo (VPN) equivalente a 62,3%. Contrariamente, entre os 46 resultados de CGA "não se pode afastar lesão intraepitelial de alto grau", 14 (30,4%) apresentavam alterações benignas e 32 (69,6%), neoplásicas (valor preditivo positivo [VPP] = 69,6%). Discussão: As altas taxas de neoplasias associadas ao diagnóstico de CGA reafirmam a importância do reconhecimento dessas atipias. A classificação em "possivelmente não neoplásicas" e "não se pode afastar lesão intrapitelial de alto grau" pode sugerir a origem das alterações citológicas. Conclusão: nossos resultados reforçam a importância do segmento das pacientes com diagnóstico de CGA no exame colpocitológico...

Overexpression of the epithelial cell adhesion molecule is associated with a more favorable prognosis and response to platinum-based chemotherapy in ovarian cancer / 부인종양

OBJECTIVE: Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) has experienced a renaissance lately as a binding site for targeted therapy as well as a prognostic marker in epithelial malignancies. Aim of this study was to study EpCAM as a potential prognostic marker in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). METHODS: EpCAM expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry on paraffin-embedded primary EOC-tissue samples. EpCAM overexpression was defined as an expression of EpCAM of 76% to 100%. Tissue samples and clinical data were systematically collected within the international and multicenter "Tumorbank Ovarian Cancer" network. RESULTS: Seventy-four patients, diagnosed with EOC between 1994 and 2009, were included in the study (median age, 56 years; range, 31 to 86 years). The majority of the patients (81.1%) presented with an advanced stage International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) III/IV disease. Histology was of the serous type in 41 patients (55.4%), endometrioid in 19 (25.6%), and mucinous in 14 (19%). EpCAM was overexpressed in 87.7%. Serous tumors overexpressed EpCAM significantly more often than mucinous tumors (87.8% vs. 78.6%, p=0.045); while no significant difference was noted between the other histological subgroups. EpCAM overexpression was significantly associated with a better progression free survival and higher response rates to platinum based chemotherapy (p=0.040 and p=0.048, respectively). EpCAM was identified as an independent prognostic marker for overall survival (p=0.022). CONCLUSION: Our data indicate a significant association of EpCAM overexpression with a more favorable survival in EOC-patients. Serous cancers showed a significant EpCAM overexpression compared to mucinous types. Larger multicenter analyses are warranted to confirm these findings.

Low Pepsinogen I Level Predicts Multiple Gastric Epithelial Neoplasias for Endoscopic Resection

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Synchronous/metachronous gastric epithelial neoplasias (GENs) in the remaining lesion can develop at sites other than the site of endoscopic resection. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the predictive value of serum pepsinogen for detecting multiple GENs in patients who underwent endoscopic resection. METHODS: In total, 228 patients with GEN who underwent endoscopic resection and blood collection for pepsinogen I and II determination were evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS: The mean period of endoscopic follow-up was 748.8+/-34.7 days. Synchronous GENs developed in 46 of 228 (20.1%) and metachronous GENs in 27 of 228 (10.6%) patients during the follow-up period. Multiple GENs were associated with the presence of pepsinogen I <30 ng/mL (p<0.001). Synchronous GENs were associated with the presence of pepsinogen I <30 ng/mL (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Low pepsinogen I levels predict multiple GENs after endoscopic resection, especially synchronous GENs. Cautious endoscopic examination prior to endoscopic resection to detect multiple GENs should be performed for these patients.

The Effect of Body Mass Index on Survival in Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

Controversy remains regarding the effect of obesity on the survival of patients with ovarian cancer in Asia. This study examined the impact of obesity on the survival outcomes in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) using Asian body mass index (BMI) criteria. The medical records of patients undergoing surgery for advanced (stage III and IV) EOC were reviewed. Statistical analyses included ANOVA, chi-square test, Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression analysis. Among all 236 patients, there were no differences in overall survival according to BMI except in underweight patients. In a multivariate Cox analysis, surgical optimality and underweight status were independent and significant prognostic factors for survival (HR, 2.302; 95% CI, 1.326-3.995; P=0.003 and HR, 8.622; 95% CI, 1.871-39.737; P = 0.006, respectively). In the subgroup of serous histology and optimal surgery, overweight and obese I patients showed better survival than normal weight patients (P = 0.012). We found that underweight BMI and surgical optimality are independent risk factors for the survival of patients with advanced ovarian cancer. High BMI groups (overweight, obese I and II) are not associated with the survival of advanced EOC patient. However, in the subgroup of EOC patients with serous histology and after optimal operation, overweight and obese I group patients show better survival than the normal weight group patients.

High expression of epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 is correlated with poor differentiation and poor prognosis in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer / 부인종양

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 (EGFL7) in epithelial ovarian cancer, and to assess its relevance to clinicopathological characteristics and patients' survival. METHODS: A total of 177 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer were enrolled in the current study. For each patient, a retrospective review of medical records was conducted. Immunohistochemical staining for EGFL7 was performed using tissue microarrays made with paraffin-embedded tissue block. EGFL7 expression levels were graded on a grade of 0 to 3 based on the percentage of positive cancer cells. We analyzed the correlations between the expression of EGFL7 and various clinical parameters, and also analyzed the survival outcome according to the EGFL7 expression. RESULTS: The expression of EGFL7 in ovarian cancer tissues was observed in 98 patients (55.4%). High expression of EGFL7 (grade 2 or 3) was significantly correlated with pathologic type, differentiation, stage, residual tumor after debulking surgery, lymphovascular space involvement, lymph node metastasis, high cancer antigen 125, peritoneal cytology, and ascites. Among these clinicopathologic factors, differentiation was significantly correlated with EGFL7 expression in multivariate analysis (p<0.05). Survival analysis showed that the patients with high EGFL7 expression had a poorer disease free survival than those with low EGFL7 expression (p=0.002). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that EGFL7 expression is a novel predictive factor for the clinical progression of epithelial ovarian cancer, and may constitute a therapeutic target for antiangiogenesis therapy in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.

Prognostic impact of epithelial cell adhesion molecule in ovarian cancer patients / 부인종양

No abstract available.

The efficacy of YKL-40 and CA125 as biomarkers for epithelial ovarian cancer

Our objective was to estimate the efficacy of the measurement of serum YKL-40 alone or with CA125 as biomarkers for the diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) using the YKL-40 ELISA kit. An experimental group of 49 ovarian cancer patients included 42 patients with EOC (53 ± 15 years, range: 19-81 years) and 7 patients (48 ± 13 years, range: 29-36 years) with borderline epithelial ovarian tumor. A control group of 88 non-malignant cases included 42 patients (43 ± 10 years, range: 26-77 years) with benign gynecological disease and 46 healthy women (45 ± 14 years, range: 30-68 years) at a teaching hospital. Both YKL-40 (220.1 ± 94.1 vs 61.6 ± 48.4 and 50.1 ± 41.2 ng/mL) and CA125 (524.9 ± 972.5 vs 13.4 ± 7.6 and 28.5 ± 29.6 U/mL) levels were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in patients with ovarian cancer compared to the healthy and non-malignant groups. YKL-40 had 92.9 percent sensitivity and 94.4 percent specificity for the diagnosis of EOC. When YKL-40 and CA125 were tested in parallel, the sensitivity was increased to 98.2 percent, but the specificity was decreased to 81.3 percent. The correlations between serum YKL-40 and tumor stage, grade histology, performance status, patient age, and extension of debulking surgery were tested. With increasing stage and grade of EOC, preoperative serum YKL-40 levels were significantly increased (P = 0.029, P = 0.05, respectively). Serum YKL-40 alone or with serum CA125 levels are useful, although with some limitations, to diagnose ovarian cancer. Our study showed that YKL-40 may not be an independent prognostic factor for ovarian cancer. This prospective study may be a new trend in looking for biomarkers that optimize diagnosis of ovarian cancer.

Ovarian Cancer during Pregnancy: Clinical and Pregnancy Outcome

The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical feature and pregnancy outcome in patients with ovarian cancer diagnosed during pregnancy. We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 27 patients diagnosed with ovarian cancer during pregnancy at Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center from January 1996 to December 2006. Mean age of the patients was 29.1 yr (range 23-40), and a mean follow-up period was 57 months (range 7-112 months). Of 27 patients, 15 (55.5%) had borderline malignancies, 7 (25.9%) had epithelial malignancies and 5 (18.6%) had germ cell tumors. A total of 26 patients received a conservative surgery preserving pregnancy. The mean time for surgical intervention during pregnancy was 20 weeks of gestational age. Of the 27 patients, 26 had full term delivery of a healthy baby without any congenital malformation. Only one patient with epithelial ovarian cancer had a relapse at 19 months after the first conservative operation with adjuvant chemotherapy. There were few data for managing patients with ovarian cancer diagnosed during pregnancy. This study results could help establish a guideline for management of ovarian malignancy complicating pregnancy.

Histopathological study of conjunctival lesions.

Lesions of conjunctiva comprise a varied spectrum of conditions. A total of 50 patients, 34 males and 16 females, with lesions in conjunctiva were subjected to study. Histopathological examination of the biopsied specimens from the lesions was done using haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain and other special stains when needed. The study was done to report the spectrum and frequency of different lesions of conjunctiva in a tertiary care eye hospital in India.

Ovarian neoplasms in adolescence and childhood--an analysis of twenty cases.

Between January, 1999 and June, 2001 consecutive twenty cases of ovarian tumours in girls below 20 years of age admitted in Burdwan Medical College, Burdwan, West Bengal were analysed. Commonest presentation was lump abdomen (80%), 15% presented with acute abdomen, one patient presented with virilisation and another with precocious puberty and 85% had single ovarian involvement. Among 5 cases of torsion of ovarian tumours, one along with the twisted uterus was detected. Conservative surgery in the form of cystectomy or unilateral oophorectomy with or without salpingectomy was possible in 85% cases. Germ cell tumours (60%) took the leading place followed by epithelial (3 0%) and sex-cord stromal tumour (10%). Fifty percent neoplasms were malignant with majority (80%) being instage I. Combination chemotherapy was considered for 7 out of 10 cases. Conservative surgery in one hand and the fear of malignancy on the other are the real problems in these cases. Early detection, optimal therapy and intense follow-up are the key points of the management.

A Hybrid Carcinoma of Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma and Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma in Maxillary Sinus

Hybrid carcinoma of the salivary gland is a very rare entity that has been described only in the parotid and palate. The occurrence of a hybrid carcinoma of maxillary sinus has not been reported. The diagnosis of hybrid carcinoma is important particularly when the components of tumor have different biologic behaviors. Diagnosis and treatment require a high index of suspicion, especially when the tumor is an epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma, pathological effort to look for a more aggressive accompanying tumor, and proper oncologic treatment. We describe a case of 26-yrold woman with a hybrid carcinoma composed of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma with an adenoid cystic carcinoma component (cribriform pattern) in the right maxillary sinus with a brief review of the relevant literature.

Opacidades em vidro fosco nas doenças pulmonares difusas: correlação da tomografia computadorizada de alta resolução com a anatomopatologia / Ground-glass opacity in diffuse lung diseases: high-resolution computed tomography-pathology correlation

Opacidade em vidro fosco é achado freqüentemente visto na tomografia computadorizada de alta resolução do tórax e se traduz pelo aumento do coeficiente de atenuação dos pulmões, mas sem apagar as marcas broncovasculares. Por sua inespecificidade, a associação com outros achados radiológicos, clínicos e anatomopatológicos deve ser considerada para uma interpretação diagnóstica mais correta. Neste trabalho foram analisados 62 exames tomográficos de pacientes com doenças pulmonares difusas, de 14 etiologias diferentes, em que opacidades em vidro fosco foram o achado único ou predominante, e feita correlação anatomopatológica por meio de biópsias ou necropsias. Na pneumocistose as opacidades em vidro fosco corresponderam, histologicamente, à ocupação alveolar por material espumoso contendo parasitos; no carcinoma bronquíolo-alveolar, a espessamento dos septos alveolares e ocupação de sua luz por muco e células tumorais; na paracoccidioidomicose, a espessamento dos septos alveolares, áreas de fibrose e alvéolos contendo exsudato broncopneumônico; na sarcoidose, a fibrose ou a acúmulo de granulomas; na fibrose pulmonar idiopática, a espessamento dos septos alveolares por fibrose; na bronquiolite obliterante com pneumonia em organização, a pneumonia intersticial com áreas de organização intra-alveolar. A ocupação alveolar por sangue foi observada nos casos de leptospirose, hemossiderose idiopática, metástases de tumor renal e na aspergilose invasiva; por vacúolos de gordura na pneumonia lipídica; por material protéico e lipoprotéico na silicoproteinose e na proteinose alveolar; e por líquido de edema na insuficiência cardíaca congestiva.

Ground-glass opacity is a finding frequently seen in high-resolution computed tomography examinations of the chest and is characterized by hazy increased attenuation of lung, however without blurring of bronchial and vascular margins. Due to its unspecificity, association with other radiological, clinical and pathological findings must be considered for an accurate diagnostic interpretation. In this paper were reviewed 62 computed tomography examinations of patients with diffuse pulmonary diseases of 14 different etiologies in which ground-glass opacity was the only or the most remarkable finding, and correlated this findings with pathology abnormalities seen on specimens obtained from biopsies or necropsies. In pneumocystosis, ground-glass opacities correlated histologically with alveolar occupation by a foaming material containing parasites, in bronchioloalveolar cell carcinoma with thickening of the alveolar septa and occupation of the lumen by mucus and tumoral cells, in paracoccidioidomycosis with thickening of the alveolar septa, areas of fibrosis and alveolar bronchopneumonic exsudate, in sarcoidosis with fibrosis or clustering of granulomas and in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with alveolar septa thickening due to fibrosis. Alveolar occupation by blood was found in cases of leptospirosis, idiopathic hemosiderosis, metastatic kidney tumor and invasive aspergillosis whereas oily vacuoli were seen in lipoid pneumonia, proteinaceus and lipoproteinaceus material in silicoproteinosis and pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, and edematous fluid in cardiac failure.

Cardiac myxoma with glandular elements: a histologic, histochemical, and immunohistochemical evaluation.

Epithelial differentiation in cardiac myxoma is a rare phenomenon. Out of 104 surgically excised specimens, we studied 3 cases of cardiac myxoma with glandular differentiation. All the cases had well formed glands in addition to the myxoma cells lying in a myxoid background. Detailed histochemical and immunohistochemical studies suggest that the epithelial islands in cardiac myxoma show an enteric phenotype.

Solid and Papillary epithelial neoplasm. Ultrasound and CT features of an unusual pancreatic tumour

The ultrasonographic and computed tomography features of four cases of solid and papillary epithelial neoplasm (SPEN) - a rare pancreatic tumour - are described. Although not diagnostic, the presence of these imaging features in the typical clinical setting may permit pre-operative radiological diagnosis and facilitate planning for curative surgery for this malignant tumour which has an excellent prognosis even without further adjuvant therapy.

FNAC of papillary and solid epithelial neoplasm of pancreas--a case report.

A case of solid papillary epithelial neoplasm (PSEN) of pancreas in a young woman is reported in which the nature of tumour was recognised pre-operatively by ultrasound guided Fine needle aspiration. The pre-operative cytologic diagnosis enabled prompt and appropriate surgical treatment. FNAC revealed large cell clumps in the aspirate showing branching papillary appearance in which multiple layers of tumour cells surrounded central vascular stalks. The above was confirmed on histopathological examination of the excised tumour tissue.

Tumores de ovário de malignidade limítrofe / Borderline ovarian tumors

No período de 1980 a 1994 foram atendidas em nosso serviço 101 pacientes com neoplasia epitelial maligna de um ovário, das quais, 18 (16,2 por cento) apresentavam neoplasia de malignidade limitrofe (borderline). Analisamos retrospectivamente estes casos, com especial atençao aos aspectos epidemiológicos, classificaçao histológica, distribuiçao por faixas etárias e eficiência dos métodos diagnósticos. A média de idade destas pacientes foi de 43,8 anos, contra 57,6 anos dos outros tumores epiteliais. As queixas principais na época do diagnóstico foram de dor e aumento do volume abdominal. A ultra-sonografia evidenciou características sugestivas de malignidade em 13 das 15 pacientes examinadas. Em 11 casos o tumor foi considerado grande (critério: volume maior que 1500 cm3). O exame por congelaçao ofereceu o diagnóstico correto em 13 de 15 pacientes para as quais foi empregado, e de benignidade nas outras duas. O tipo histológico mais freqüente foi o seroso com 11 casos; seguido pelo mucinoso (sete casos) e misto (seroso-mucinoso) com dois casos. A média de idade nestes grupos foi de 48,1 anos para as pacientes com tumores mucinosos e 38,7 para as com serosos. O tratamento foi radical (histerectomia e salpingooforectomia bilateral) em nove casos, que apresentaram médias de 48,5 anos de idade e 4,8 filhos. Tratamento conservador foi indicado para algumas pacientes com doença limitada a um ovário (Estadio IA) - oito pacientes com médias de 31,8 anos e 1,6 filhos (p<0,01). Em 15 pacientes nao se observaram recorrências (intervalo médio livre de doença 5,7 anos). Três pacientes foram a óbito, uma das quais por causa nao relacionada à doença. Concluímos, assim, que esta patologia afeta um grupo de pacientes jovens, para as quais a ultra-sonografia e o exame da congelaçao têm grande importância quando se planeja cirurgia conservadora.