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1.
Bol. venez. infectol ; 22(1): 48-52, ene.-jun. 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-721082

ABSTRACT

La meningitis bacteriana continúa siendo una enfermedad potencialmente fatal, especialmente en países en vías de desarrollo. Los aminoácidos excitatorios están fuertemente implicados en la patogénesis del daño neuronal en meningitis bacteriana. El objetivo fue medir niveles de glutamato, GABA, glicina y taurina en liquido cefalorraquídeo y correlacionarlos con el grado de severidad, complicaciones y secuelas. Estudio prospectivo en 31 pacientes con meningitis bacteriana y 10 pacientes con líquido cefalorraquídeo normal (control), con edades de 1 mes - 13 años de edad. El análisis de aminoácidos se realizó al ingreso y al tercer día mediante cromatografía líquida de alta presión. De los 31 pacientes que ingresaron al estudio 64,5 % fueron de género femenino, 13 lactantes, 8 preescolares y 10 escolares. El promedio de aminoácidos en los niños con meningitis fue más alto que en el grupo control (P<0,01). El glutamato disminuyó significativamente en pacientes con hidrocefalia. El GABA está disminuido en pacientes con parálisis cerebral y la taurina está disminuida en higroma y aumentada en lesión de pares craneales, trastornos de la conducta e hipoacusia. Los cambios en los niveles de aminoácidos en líquido cefalorraquídeo refleja el estado patológico y severidad del daño cerebral. Este estudio provee información del eventual papel de la inmunomodulación y posible uso de antagonistas de aminoácidos excitatorios, con efecto neuroprotector, en el tratamiento de meninigitis bacteriana e indica que esta clase de molécula neurotóxica puede represetar un importante blanco en la terapia adyuvante para meningitis bacteriana.


Bacterial meningitis rmains a potentially fatal disease, especially in developing countries. Exitatory amino acids are strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of neuronal damage in bacterial meningitis. To measure levels of glutamate, GABA, glycine and taurine in cerebroespinal fluid and correlate with the degree of severity, complications and sequelae. Prospective study in 31 patients with bacterial meningitis and 10 patients with normal cerebrospinal fluid (control), aged 1 month - 13 years old. Amino acid analysis was performed on admission and on the third day using high pressure liquid chromatography. Of the 31 patients entering the study 64.5 % were females, 13 infants, 8 preschoolers and 10 elementary school students. The average number of amino acids in children with meningitis was higher than in the control group (P<0.01). Glutamate levels significantly decreased in patients with hydrocephalus. GABA levels decreased in patients with cerebral pasly, and taurine diminished in hygroma, and increased in cranial nerve injury, eating disorders and hearing loss. Changes in amino acid levels in cerebrospinal fluid reflect pathological state and severity of brain damage. This study provides information on the possible role of immunomudulation and possible use of excitatory amino acid antogonists with neuroprotective effects in the treatment of bacterial meningitis, indicating that this class of neurotoxic molecules may represent important target in adjuvant therapy for bacterial meningitis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists/pharmacology , Meningitis, Bacterial/pathology , Neurotransmitter Agents/administration & dosage , Neurotransmitter Agents/antagonists & inhibitors , Glutamic Acid/administration & dosage , Glutamic Acid/therapeutic use , Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists
3.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-25422

ABSTRACT

Analgesia induced by pretectal stimulation in rat was analysed using suitable antagonists. Mild electrical stimulation of sites in the pretectal nucleus (PTN) caused analgesia of long duration, without signs of aversion and unassociated with motor deficit. Pretreatment of animals with ip atropine sulphate (1 mg/kg), phenoxybenzamine (5 mg/kg), sotalol (2 mg/kg) and haloperidol (1 mg/kg) but not with saline, markedly reduced the antinociceptive response to PTN stimulation. Mild PTN stimulation thus seems to induce potent and long lasting analgesia in rats probably involving multisynaptic antinociceptive pathway(s).


Subject(s)
Analgesia/methods , Animals , Atropine/pharmacology , Electric Stimulation/instrumentation , Haloperidol/pharmacology , Male , Neurotransmitter Agents/antagonists & inhibitors , Phenoxybenzamine/pharmacology , Rats , Sotalol/pharmacology , Tail/physiology , Tectum Mesencephali/drug effects
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