Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 3 de 3
Filter
1.
Int. j. morphol ; 30(2): 579-582, jun. 2012. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-651833

ABSTRACT

Anatomical variations in the region of axilla and pectoral region are very common. These variations need attention to avoid complications arising during surgeries and diagnostic and interventional invasive procedures in this region such as surgeries for breast carcinoma, venous access during central venous line, pacemaker and cardiac defibrillator implantation etc. During routine cadaveric dissection we had noticed a rare variation of axillary vein and artery. In this case axillary vein, just deep to the inferior border of pectoralis minor was pierced by the lateral thoracic artery, a branch of axillary artery. Perforation of the axillary vein by a branch of the axillary artery is extremely rare variation encountered till now. We report a variation wherein the lateral thoracic artery a branch of the second part of axillary artery was unusually long and perforated the axillary vein, just posterior to the inferior border of pectoralis minor muscle before supplying the structures in the anterolateral chest wall. Histological findings revealed duplication of lumen at the site of perforation through which the lateral thoracic artery was passing and the surrounding area was sealed by the connective tissue. Sound knowledge of anatomy of axillary and pectoral region may help in reducing complications while doing surgical and diagnostic procedure in these regions.


Las variaciones anatómicas en las regiones axilar y pectoral son muy comunes. Estas variaciones necesitan atención para evitar las complicaciones que surgen durante las cirugías y los procedimientos invasivos de diagnóstico e intervención en esta región, tales como cirugía de cáncer mamario, acceso venoso para una vía venosa central, implantación de marcapasos y desfibrilador, etc. Durante una disección de rutina se evidenció una variación poco frecuente de la vena axilar y arteria axilar. Se presenta una variación en que la arteria torácica lateral, rama de la segunda parte de la arteria axilar, inusualmente larga, perforaba la vena axilar, justo por detrás del margen inferior del músculo pectoral menor, antes de irrigar a las estructuras de la pared torácica anterolateral. La histológía reveló la duplicación del lumen en el sitio de perforación a través del cual pasa la arteria torácica lateral, que periféricamente fue sellada por tejido conectivo. La perforación de la vena axilar por una rama de la arteria axilar es una variación que raramente se observa, por eso un buen nivel de conocimientos de la anatomía de las regiones axilar y pectoral puede ayudar a reducir las complicaciones cuando se realizan procedimientos quirúrgicos y de diagnóstico en estas regiones.


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Axillary Artery/abnormalities , Axilla/blood supply , Pectoralis Muscles/blood supply , Axillary Vein/abnormalities , Cadaver
2.
São Paulo; s.n; 2006. [194] p. ilus, tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-587105

ABSTRACT

Na reconstrução mamária com microcirurgia, a qualidade dos vasos, a proximidade com a região torácica e a anatomia constante são fatores relevantes na escolha do pedículo receptor. Apesar da grande aplicação clínica, os vasos toracodorsais e torácicos internos apresentam restrições como a imprevisibilidade da qualidade nas reconstruções tardias, as alterações do contorno do tórax e a inviabilidade de uma eventual revascularização futura do miocárdio. Com o desenvolvimento dos retalhos vascularizados por vasos perfurantes e o maior treinamento dos cirurgiões, novas alternativas de pedículos foram desenvolvidas. A preservação da cartilagem costal e dos vasos torácicos internos, bem como a maior exposição do campo operatório são mencionados como vantagens do emprego dos vasos perfurantes do músculo peitoral maior como receptor. Apesar da anatomia dos vasos perfurantes ter sido previamente estudada, são imprecisas as informações sobre sua origem e distribuição no tórax. Ademais, são escassos os dados relacionados à sua incidência e utilização nas reconstruções imediatas e tardias. Na presente investigação foram incluídos dois estudos: anatômico e clínico. No estudo anatômico avaliou-se a origem, distribuição e dimensões dos vasos perfurantes em 24 cadáveres frescos (48 regiões torácicas), por técnica de coloração e posterior dissecção. No estudo clínico analisou-se, 69 pacientes (77 reconstruções mamárias), sendo 46 imediatas e 31 tardias. Constatou-se no estudo anatômico 2,7 vasos perfurantes por região torácica, destes, 93% apresentaram pequeno e médio calibre e concentração preferencial no segundo espaço intercostal. Os vasos e o pedículo perfurante revelaram comprimento médio de 2,4 cm (1,0 a 3,2 cm) e 3,6 cm (2,1 a 4,5 cm), respectivamente. No estudo clínico, não foram observadas diferenças entre as pacientes submetidas à reconstrução imediata e tardia, quanto a idade (p=0,599), IMC (p=0,498), lateralidade da mama (p=0,671), hipertensão arterial...


In breast reconstruction with microsurgery, the proper selection of the recipient pedicle is a significant factor for success. The compatibility of caliber and the uniform anatomy are the chief relevant factors in the choice of recipient vessels. Regardless of their broad clinical application, the thoracodorsal and internal thoracic vessels demonstrate limitations such as the unpredictable quality of late reconstructions, the changes in thoracic contour and the impairment for future coronary bypass. The progress of microsurgical technique and the development of perforator flaps has led to new recipient pedicle alternatives. Thus, sparing of the costal cartilages and the internal thoracic vessels as well as the wide surgical exposure are the main advantages of using the pectoralis major perforator vessels as recipient pedicles. Although the anatomy of the perforator vessels has been previously studied, the data about their origin and distribution is inexact. In addition, the data concerning their incidence and quality of immediate and late reconstructions are not available. In the present investigation, an anatomical and clinical study were performed. In the anatomical study, the origin, distribution and size of perforator vessels were evaluated in 24 fresh cadavers (48 thoracic regions) by staining technique and posterior dissection. The clinical study analyzed 69 patients (77 reconstructions), 46 immediate and 31 late reconstructions. The anatomic study observed 2.7 perforator vessels per thoracic region, with 93% presenting small and medium caliber and major concentration in the second intercostal space. The vessels and the perforator pedicles demonstrated an average length of 2.4 cm (1.0 to 3.2 cm) and 3.6 cm (2.1 to 4.5 cm) respectively. In the clinical study, no differences were observed between the immediate and late reconstructions regarding age (p=0.599), BMI (p=0.498), breast side (p=0.671), hypertension (p=0.732), diabetes (p>0.999) and smoking...


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Mastectomy , Microsurgery , Breast/surgery , Mammaplasty/rehabilitation , Pectoralis Muscles/anatomy & histology , Pectoralis Muscles/radiation effects , Pectoralis Muscles/blood supply , Blood Vessels/anatomy & histology , Blood Vessels/radiation effects , Blood Vessels/injuries
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL