ABSTRACT
The mutant Penicillium chrysogenum strain dogR5, derived from strain AS-P-78, does not respond to glucose regulation of penicillin biosynthesis and β-galactosidase, and is partially deficient in D-glucose phosphorilating activity. We have transformed strain dogR5 with the (hexokinase) hxk2 gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Transformants recovered glucose control of penicillin biosynthesis in different degrees, and acquired a hexokinase (fructose phosphorylating) activity absent in strains AS- P-78 and dogR5. Interestingly, they also recovered glucose regulation of β-galactosidase. On the other hand, glucokinase activity was affected in different ways in the transformants; one of which showed a lower activity than the parental dogR5, but normal glucose regulation of penicillin biosynthesis. Our results show that Penicillium chrysogenum AS-P-78 and dogR5 strains lack hexokinase, and suggest that an enzyme with glucokinase activity is involved in glucose regulation of penicillin biosynthesis and β-galactosidase, thus signaling glucose in both primary and secondary metabolism; however, catalytic and signaling activities seem to be independent.
Subject(s)
Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal/drug effects , Glucose/metabolism , Hexokinase/metabolism , Penicillins/biosynthesis , Penicillium chrysogenum/genetics , Penicillium chrysogenum/metabolism , Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/metabolism , Hexokinase/genetics , Recombinant Proteins/genetics , Recombinant Proteins/metabolism , Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics , Transformation, Genetic , beta-Galactosidase/biosynthesisABSTRACT
The conjunctivitis produced by Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the less frequently reported clinical form of gonococcal infection. We aim to phenotypically characterize N. gonorrhoeae isolated from conjunctivae sites. A total of six cases of this disease were notified in the Camagüey province, Cuba. All the strains isolated were penicillin-producing, showed the serogroup WI and exhibited the same antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and plasmid profile (2.6-3.2-24.5). The results contribute to the characterization of N. gonorrhoeae strains circulating in our environment
Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Adult , Conjunctivitis, Bacterial/microbiology , Neisseria gonorrhoeae/isolation & purification , Gonorrhea/drug therapy , Gonorrhea/microbiology , Neisseria gonorrhoeae/drug effects , Penicillin Resistance , Penicillins/biosynthesis , Penicillins/pharmacology , Penicillins/therapeutic use , Tetracyclines/pharmacology , Tetracyclines/therapeutic use , Tetracycline/pharmacology , Tetracycline/therapeutic useABSTRACT
O ácido 6-aminopenicilânico foi acilado com o cloreto de p-benziloxibenzoil ou derivados p'-substituídos obtendo-se penicilina contendo, como cadeia lateral, grupo derivado do ácido p-benziloxibenzóico
Subject(s)
Penicillanic Acid/metabolism , Penicillins/biosynthesis , ChemistryABSTRACT
Fermentaçöes industriais de produçäo de penicilina que apresentam cristais de ácido oxálico sofrem quebra de viscosidade, micélio fragmentado e teores mais baixos de antibiótico. No presente trabalho foi estudado o efeito de ion oxalato adicionado sob a forma de ácido axálico ou oxalato de amônio. Como concentraçöes intermediários de oxalato de amônio (de 0,5 a 2,25 g/l) apresentaram efeito estimulante, foi testada a hipótese de que o íon amônio era o responsável pelo fato, através da adiçäo de sulfato de amônio. Verificou-se que a adiçäo de 0,45 a 0,90 g/l de amônio aumento da ordem de 10% na produçäo do antibiótico nas fases finais do ciclo de produçäo