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1.
Rev. cuba. angiol. cir. vasc ; 22(1): e297, ene.-abr. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1251674

ABSTRACT

Si bien el virus SARS-CoV-2, causante de la enfermedad COVID-19, afecta con preferencia el sistema respiratorio, son muchos los informes sobre los efectos sistémicos que puede provocar, donde el sistema vascular no está exento. No obstante, también la aparición de este Coronavirus ha reformulado en el mundo el funcionamiento de los sistemas de salud a todos los niveles, lo que ha afectado de manera indirecta a aquellos que portan alguna enfermedad vascular periférica(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Health Systems , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/etiology , COVID-19/epidemiology
2.
J. bras. med ; 102(5)set.-out. 2014. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-730199

ABSTRACT

As complicações crônicas do diabetes mellitus (DM) são decorrentes principalmente do controle inadequado, do tempo de evolução e de fatores genéticos da doença. As complicações crônicas microvasculares englobam a nefropatia diabética, a retinopatia diabética e a neuropatia diabética. As complicações crônicas macrovasculares, como o próprio nome diz, são resultantes de alterações nos grandes vasos e causam infarto agudo do miocárdio, acidente vascular cerebral e doença vascular periférica. O risco relativo de morte devido a complicações vasculares é três vezes maior nos pacientes com DM do que na população restante com as doenças cardiovasculares (DCVs), sendo responsáveis por até 80% dos óbitos em portadores de DM. Nesses pacientes o risco de infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM) é semelhante àquele observado em pessoas sem DM que já tiveram um IAM prévio...


The complications from chronic diabetes mellitus (DM) are resulting from inadequate control, time evolution and disease genetics factors. The chronic microvascular complications include diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy and diabetic neuropathy. The chronic microvascular complications, as name says itself, are resulting from large-vessels adjustments and it causes acute myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident and peripheral arterial disease as well. The relative risk of death due vascular complications is three times bigger in patients with DM than in remaining people with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) which are responsible for until 80% of obituaries in DM carriers. In these patients, the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is similar to that observed in people who do not have DM and who had previous IAM...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Diabetes Complications/epidemiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Stroke/etiology , Diabetic Angiopathies/prevention & control , Diabetes Mellitus/genetics , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/etiology , Myocardial Infarction/etiology , Diabetic Nephropathies/etiology , Diabetic Neuropathies/etiology , Diabetic Retinopathy/etiology , Time Factors
3.
J. vasc. bras ; 13(3): 162-167, Jul-Sep/2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-727128

ABSTRACT

Background: Venous insufficiency is a very prevalent disease. Some decades ago a group of patients was identified that had symptoms of venous insufficiency, but no visible anatomic abnormalities. Studies showed that this subset had reduced venous tone, and their condition became known as hypotonic phlebopathy. Objective: To investigate prevalence, age group and variations in body mass index (BMI) among patients with hypotonic phlebopathy. Methodology: A total of 1,960 limbs were examined in 1,017 patients who had been referred for complaints compatible with venous insufficiency. Patients with BMI ≥ 30 were defined as obese. The patients were examined using color Doppler ultrasonography to detect presence or absence of reflux in veins of the lower limbs and were then distributed into two groups as follows: patients with CEAP ≤ 1 and no reflux, diagnosed with hypotonic phlebopathy; or patients with CEAP ≥ 2 and reflux. Results: The study sample comprised 89.7% women and 10.3% men with a mean age of 44.9 years. Hypotonic phlebopathy was more common among the women (p = 0.0001). Obese women were more likely than women who were not obese to have venous symptom etiology involving trunk lesions (p = 0.0017). Among the men, obesity was unrelated to etiology of symptoms (p = 0.5991). Symptomology was more likely to be related to trunk vein damage among older age groups than among younger age groups (p-valor <0.0001). Conclusions: Hypotonic phlebopathy was very prevalent, particularly among young women who were not obese...


Contexto: A insuficiência venosa é uma doença muito prevalente. Há algumas décadas, evidenciou-se a existência de um grupo que, embora apresentasse sintomas de insuficiência venosa, não possuía alterações anatômicas visíveis. Estudos mostraram redução no tônus venoso nesses indivíduos, denominando-os portadores de flebopatia hipotônica. Objetivo: Estudar a prevalência, a faixa etária e as variações do índice de massa corporal (IMC) em pacientes portadores de flebopatia hipotônica. Metodologia: Foram examinados 1.960 membros de 1.017 pacientes, devido a queixas compatíveis com insuficiência venosa. Foram considerados obesos aqueles com IMC ≥ 30. Foram avaliados com ecocolor Doppler, para se detectar a presença ou não de refluxo em veias dos membros inferiores, sendo então distribuídos em dois grupos: aqueles com CEAP ≤ 1, além de excluído refluxo, os portadores de flebopatia hipotônica, e outros com CEAP ≥ 2 e com refluxo. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 89,7% de mulheres e 10,3% de homens, com faixa etária média de 44,9 anos. A flebopatia hipotônica foi mais comum em mulheres (p-valor = 0,0001). Naquelas obesas, houve mais lesão troncular como etiologia dos sintomas venosos do que nas não obesas (p-valor = 0,0017). Dentre os homens, a presença de obesidade não influenciou na etiologia dos sintomas (p-valor = 0,5991). Nos grupos etários de idade mais avançada, a presença de sintomatologia teve como origem etiológica a lesão venosa troncular com mais frequência do que nas faixas etárias mais jovens (p-valor <0,0001). Conclusão: A flebopatia hipotônica se mostrou muito prevalente, principalmente em mulheres jovens não obesas...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/etiology , Peripheral Vascular Diseases , Lower Extremity , Venous Insufficiency/etiology , Venous Insufficiency/physiopathology , Varicose Veins/complications , Echocardiography, Doppler/methods , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors
4.
An. bras. dermatol ; 85(3): 403-405, jun. 2010. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-553055

ABSTRACT

Isquemia é comum em esclerodermia sistêmica e é causada por vasoespasmo e trombose. As autoras analisaram a associação de eventos vasculares periféricos e anticorpos anticardiolipinas (aCl) em 54 esclerodérmicos. Em 100 por cento deles existia Raynaud; 59,2 por cento apresentaram cicatrizes estelares; 43,3 por cento, telangiectasias; 14,8 por cento, fenômenos tromboembólicos periféricos. ACl IgG foram positivos em 9,2 por cento dos casos e o IgM, em 7,4 por cento. Fenômenos embólicos periféricos estão associados a aCl IgG (p=0,03), não se encontrando associação com demais manifestações.


Ischemia is common in systemic scleroderma and it is caused by vasospasm and thrombosis. In the present study we analyzed the association of peripheral vascular events and anticardiolipin (aCl) antibodies in 54 patients suffering from systemic scleroderma. The results showed that 100 percent of the patients presented Raynaud; 59.2 percent presented digital micro scars; 43.3 percent, presented teleangiectasies and 14.8 percent, presented peripheral thromboembolism. ACl IgG were positive in 9.2 percent and IgM, in 7.4 percent. Peripheral tromboembolic phenomena had a positive association with aCl IgG (p=0.03). No other associations were found.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antibodies, Anticardiolipin/blood , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/blood , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/etiology , Scleroderma, Systemic/blood , Scleroderma, Systemic/complications
5.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2010. 131 p. tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-590530

ABSTRACT

A Doença da Artéria Periférica (DAP) é o resultado do processo aterosclerótico das artérias dos membros superiores, inferiores, aorta abdominal e seus ramos viscerais, que acomete cerca de 8,5 milhões de brasileiros. É responsável por 200 a 280/100.000 amputações/ano em não diabéticos. OBJETIVO: Detectar a DAP sintomática e assintomática nos pacientes com >- 30 anos, assistidos na Unidade docente - assistencial de Angiologia (UDA) do Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas - UERJ, com o intuito de descrever os fatores de risco (FR) e associação com doença renal crônica (DRC) à DAP, a partir da aferição do índice tornozelo-braço (ITB); determinar a alteração da filtração glomerular estimada (FGe) por equações, relacionando-a à progressão da DAP. MÉTODO: Foi usado um questionário padrão e o ITB para identificar os pacientes com e sem DAP. Correlacionou-se as variáveis laboratoriais, como os níveis séricos de colesterol, triglicerídeos, HDL-c, LDL-c, glicemia, homocisteína com a FGe e com o ITB. As análises estatísticas foram feitas pelo prorama Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 16.0 RESULTADOS: Os resultados apontaram para a importância do ITB no diagnóstico da DAP, com configuração de graus de obstrução leve, discreta, moderada e grave para os sintomáticos, e a identificação dos assintomáticos, possibilitando intervenção nos fatores de risco demarcados e o controle de suas complicações. O tabagismo mostrou-se como o FR com razão de risco mais importante para DAP. A hipertensão sistólica e a diastólica foram variáveis clínicas mais significativas que o diabetes mellitus. Os marcadores séricos tradicionais para DAP: colesterol total, triglicerídeos e glicemia mostraram significância estatística. A homocisteína foi o marcdor mais significativo em relação à DAP. Ocorreu associação entre redução do ITB com a elevação dos níveis pressóricos, das glicemias, da homocisteína, assim como diminuição das médias da FGe...


Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is the result of the atherosclerotic process involving arteries of superior and inferior limbs, abdominal aorta and its visceral branches. Its prevalence is about 8.5 million Brazilians and is responsible for 200-280/100.000 amputations/year in no diabetic patients and 3.000-3.900/100.000 amputations/year in diabetics patients. OBJECTIVE: Detect symptomatic and asymptomatic PAD, using the ankle brachial index (ABI), in patients >- 30 years old attended in the Unidade Docente - Assistencial de Angiologia (UDA), correlating it with risk factors (RF) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), with intention to describe the RF and association with chronic kidney disease. METHOD: It was used a standard questionnaire and the ABI to identify patients with and without PAD. Laboratorial tests, as total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-c, LDL-c, glycemia, creatinine and homocysteine were correlated to ABI. Statistical analyses were done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 16.0 program RESULTS: The results had pointed to the importance of the ABI in the diagnosis of PAD, with degrees of mild, discrete, moderate and severe stenosis for the symptomatic patients, and the identication of the asymptomatic ones, making possible intervention in he RF and control of their complications. Tabagism was confirmed as the RF with most important odds ratio for PAD. The systolic and diastolic hypertension showed to be more significant than diabetes mellitus, as diseases associated to PAD. In laboratorial evaluation, the traditional blood markers for PAD: total cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose had shown statistics significance. Homocysteine was the marker most significant in PAD. Association between reduction of ABI with systolic and diastolic hypertension and glycemias occurred, as well as reduction of the averages of the eGFR. CONCLUSION: In patients with PAD, hyperhomocysteinemia and decrease of eGFR are possible...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Ankle Brachial Index , Atherosclerosis/complications , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/diagnosis , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/etiology , Hyperhomocysteinemia , Intermittent Claudication , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/etiology , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/physiopathology , Risk Factors , Glomerular Filtration Rate/physiology , Amputation, Surgical/statistics & numerical data , Tobacco Use Disorder/adverse effects
6.
Rev. argent. ultrason ; 8(3): 154-156, sept. 2009. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-532814

ABSTRACT

En esta parte del artículo se describe la importancia del índice tobillo/brazo en el diagnóstico de ateromatosis arterial en territorios vasculares alejados de los miembros inferiores, y su utilidad en pacientes diabéticos.


Subject(s)
Arteries/abnormalities , Arteries , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/diagnosis , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/epidemiology , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/etiology , Peripheral Vascular Diseases
7.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 53(6): 698-708, ago. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-529946

ABSTRACT

O diabetes melito (DM) é um fator de risco independente para doença arterial coronariana, acidente vascular cerebral, doença vascular periférica e insuficiência cardíaca, que são as principais causas de morte nesses pacientes. Além disso, pacientes com DM e doença cardiovascular têm pior prognóstico, por apresentarem menor sobrevida, maior risco de recorrência da doença e pior resposta aos tratamentos propostos. Os avanços diagnósticos e terapêuticos das últimas décadas já mostram uma redução do risco de eventos cardiovasculares nesses pacientes, mas o risco absoluto desses é ainda duas vezes maior em relação ao dos pacientes não diabéticos. Portanto, é prioritária a adoção de um manejo intensivo, com controle rígido dos fatores de risco cardiovasculares. Esta revisão trata das principais características clínicas e apresenta uma abordagem prática do rastreamento, diagnóstico e tratamento da doença macrovascular nos pacientes com DM.


Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease, stroke, peripheral arterial disease and heart failure, which are the main causes of death in these patients. Moreover, patients with DM and cardiovascular disease have a worse prognosis than nondiabetics, present lower short-term survival, higher risk of recurrence of the disease and a worse response to the treatments proposed. In the last decades, diagnostic and therapeutic progress had already shown benefits concerning cardiovascular risk reduction in these patients, but their absolute mortality risk is still twice that of non-diabetic patients. Because of this, the adoption of intensive treatment, with strict cardiovascular risk factor control, is a priority. The present study presents the main clinical characteristics and also the practical approach for screening, diagnosis and treatment of patients with diabetic macrovascular disease.


Subject(s)
Humans , Diabetic Angiopathies/diagnosis , Diabetic Angiopathies/therapy , Coronary Artery Disease/diagnosis , Coronary Artery Disease/etiology , Coronary Artery Disease/therapy , Diabetic Angiopathies/etiology , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/diagnosis , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/etiology , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/therapy , Risk Factors , Stroke/diagnosis , Stroke/etiology , Stroke/therapy
8.
Rev. argent. ultrason ; 8(2): 96-99, jun. 2009. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-532808

ABSTRACT

En esta primera parte se presenta la epidemiología de esta enfermedad, fisiopatología, factores de riesgo, manifestación clínica, diagnóstico, y obtención del índice tobillo-brazo, considerado el mejor método diagnóstico no invasivo para su estudio.


Subject(s)
Arteries/abnormalities , Arteries , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/diagnosis , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/epidemiology , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/etiology , Peripheral Vascular Diseases
9.
Journal of Korean Medical Science ; : 800-806, 2009.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-153144

ABSTRACT

The incidence of ischemic heart disease has been increased rapidly in Korea. However, the clinical effects of antecedent hypertension on acute myocardial infarction have not been identified. We assessed the relationship between antecedent hypertension and clinical outcomes in 7,784 patients with acute myocardial infarction in the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry during one-year follow-up. Diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, cerebrovascular disease, heart failure, and peripheral artery disease were more prevalent in hypertensives (n=3,775) than nonhypertensives (n=4,009). During hospitalization, hypertensive patients suffered from acute renal failure, shock, and cerebrovascular event more frequently than in nonhypertensives. During follow-up of one-year, the incidence of major adverse cardiac events was higher in hypertensives. In multi-variate adjustment, old age, Killip class > or =III, left ventricular ejection fraction <45%, systolic blood pressure <90 mmHg on admission, post procedural TIMI flow grade < or =2, female sex, and history of hypertension were independent predictors for in-hospital mortality. However antecedent hypertension was not significantly associated with one-year mortality. Hypertension at the time of acute myocardial infarction is associated with an increased rate of in-hospital mortality.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Acute Disease , Age Factors , Cerebrovascular Disorders/etiology , Diabetes Mellitus/etiology , Heart Failure/etiology , Hospital Mortality , Hyperlipidemias/etiology , Hypertension/complications , Myocardial Infarction/complications , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/etiology , Predictive Value of Tests , Registries , Sex Factors
10.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 91(6): 402-414, dez. 2008. graf, mapas, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-501798

ABSTRACT

FUNDAMENTO: A doença arterial obstrutiva periférica (DAOP) está associada ao maior índice de risco cardiovascular. No Brasil, faltam dados sobre sua prevalência e fatores de risco. OBJETIVO: Avaliar prevalência e fatores de risco associados à DAOP nas cidades brasileiras com > cem mil habitantes. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, multicêntrico, que avaliou 1.170 indivíduos (>18 anos), em 72 centros urbanos, participantes do Projeto Corações do Brasil. O diagnóstico de DAOP baseou-se na medida do índice tornozelo-braquial (ITB) < 0,90. A análise estatística utilizou teste Qui-quadrado (Pearson) corrigido para amostras complexas e intervalos de confiança. P < 0,05 foi considerado significativo. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de DAOP foi de 10,5 por cento e apenas 9 por cento dos portadores da doença apresentaram claudicação. A DAOP esteve associada à presença de diabetes, obesidade total e abdominal, acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) e doença isquêmica do coração (DIC). Houve tendência a maior prevalência de DAOP na presença de hipertensão, insuficiência cardíaca, insuficiência renal dialítica e tabagismo >20 anos/maço. Mulheres coronariopatas apresentaram risco 4,9 vezes maior de ter DAOP, do que aquelas sem coronariopatia e, entre homens diabéticos, o risco de DAOP foi 6,6 maior em comparação aos não diabéticos. CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência de DAOP foi elevada, considerando-se a baixa média de idade da população avaliada (44±14,7 anos). A minoria dos portadores apresentava claudicação, o que denota o grande contingente de indivíduos assintomáticos. Os fatores mais fortemente associados à doença foram diabetes, obesidade, AVC e DIC. Os autores concluíram que a medida do ITB deve ser considerada na avaliação de pacientes de moderado e alto risco cardiovascular.


BACKGROUND: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. In Brazil, data on PAD prevalence and risk factors are scarce. OBJECTIVE: To assess prevalence and risk factors related to PAD in Brazilian urban centers with more than 100,000 inhabitants. METHODS: National, multicenter, cross-sectional study of 1,170 individuals (>18 years), from 72 major Brazilian urban centers participating in the "Hearts of Brazil Project". PAD diagnosis was based on ankle-brachial index (ABI) < 0.90. The statistical analysis used the corrected Chi-square (Pearson) test for complex samples and confidence intervals. P< 0.05 was considered statitically significant. RESULTS: PAD prevalence was 10.5 percent. Intermittent claudication (IC) was present in only 9 percent of PAD patients. A significant association was found between PAD and the following factors: diabetes, total and abdominal obesity, stroke and ischemic heart disease (IHD). There was a trend of higher PAD prevalence among individuals with hypertension, heart failure, chronic renal failure on dialysis, as well as those who had smoked over 20 pack-years. For females, presence of IHD was associated with a 4.9-fold greater risk of PAD. Among males, a 6.6-fold increased risk of PAD was found for diabetic in comparison to non-diabetic individuals. CONCLUSION: PAD prevalence was markedly high, considering the low mean age of the studied population (44±14.7 yrs). IC was detected in a minority of PAD subjects, indicating a considerable number of asymptomatic individuals. Diabetes, obesity, stroke and IHD were the stronger predictors of PAD. The authors concluded that ABI measurement should be considered in the evaluation of moderate to high cardiovascular risk patients.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Peripheral Vascular Diseases , Ankle Brachial Index , Brazil/epidemiology , Diabetes Complications , Epidemiologic Methods , Hypertension/complications , Intermittent Claudication/epidemiology , Myocardial Ischemia/complications , Obesity/complications , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/epidemiology , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/etiology , Stroke/complications , Young Adult
11.
Rev. bras. saúde matern. infant ; 8(4): 427-433, out.-dez. 2008. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-509624

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: analisar as complicações associadas ao diabetes tipo 2 em pacientes atendidos pelas Unidades de Saúde da Família. MÉTODOS: estudo realizado nas Unidades de Saúde da Família dos seis distritos sanitários de Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil, com uma amostra de 1374 prontuários de diabéticos cadastrados no Programa de Saúde da Família. As variáveis utilizadas foram: ocorrência de complicações macro e microvasculares, idade, sexo, anos de estudo, consumo de álcool, tabagismo, primeira e última glicemia registrada. RESULTADOS: observou-se uma freqüência de complicações mais elevada em mulheres (71,5 %) quando comparada a dos homens (29,5%). Do total, 58,9% apresentava pelo menos uma complicação. As complicações macrovasculares corresponderam a 95,6%. A doença vascular periférica foi responsável por 92,1%, quando considerada como complicação única. Verificou-se associação entre a faixa etária de 66 anos a mais e complicações macrovasculares, com uma prevalência de 37,8%. As complicações microvasculares nas mulheres correspondem à metade daquelas encontradas para os homens (3,6 x 6,4), sendo significante esta diferença (p=0,04). O tabagismo mostrou-se associado a complicações microvasculares (p<0,001). CONCLUSÕES: os resultados apontam para necessidade de se reforçar, junto aos serviços básicos de saúde, medidas preconizadas pelo Ministério da Saúde, visando reduzir os fatores de risco e o impacto de suas complicações.


OBJECTIVES: to analyze the complications associated with type 2 diabetes in patients seen by Family Health Units. METHODS: a study was conducted of the Family Health Units of the six health districts of the city of Recife, State of Pernambuco, Brazil, with a sample of 1374 records of diabetic patients registered on the Family Health Program. The variables used were: the occurrence of macro-and microvascular complications, age, sex, years of schooling, alcohol consumption, smoking, first and last glucose recorded. RESULTS: there was a higher rate of complications in women (71.5%) compared to men (29.5%). Of the total, 58.9% had at least one complication. The macrovascular complications corresponded to 95.6%. The peripheral vascular disease was responsible for 92.1%, when considered as a single complication. There was an association between the age of 66 years or more and macrovascular complications, with a prevalence of 37.8%. Microvascular complications were half as common among women as among men (3.6 x 6.4) and this represents a statistically significant difference (p=0.04). Smoking was shown to be associated with microvascular complications (p<0001). CONCLUSIONS: the results point to a need to strengthen, alongside basic health services, measures recommended by the Health department, aiming to reduce risk factors and the impact of complications.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Basic Health Services , /complications , /epidemiology , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/etiology , National Health Strategies , Brazil/epidemiology , Chronic Disease , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prevalence
12.
J. bras. patol. med. lab ; 44(2): 89-95, abr. 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-486030

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: A doença arterial obstrutiva periférica (DAOP) constitui um excelente marcador para a aterosclerose sistêmica. Entre os fatores de risco para essa doença está o diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). Acredita-se que a lipoproteína (a) [Lp(a)] esteja ligada a risco aumentado de aterosclerose, embora os mecanismos que levem a esse aumento não sejam completamente conhecidos. Níveis elevados de Lp(a) parecem estar associados a risco aumentado de doença arterial coronariana (DAC), assim como DAOP e doença cerebrovascular. OBJETIVO: Avaliar os níveis plasmáticos de Lp(a) e outras variáveis lipídicas em um grupo de pacientes com DAOP e/ou DM2. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Níveis plasmáticos de Lp(a), colesterol total (CT), colesterol da lipoproteína de alta densidade (HDL-c), colesterol da lipoproteína de baixa densidade (LDL-c), triglicérides (TG) e apolipoproteínas A-I e B foram medidos em amostras de sangue de 12 indivíduos comprovadamente não-portadores de DAOP e DM2 (controles), 17 pacientes portadores de DAOP, 18 pacientes com DM2 e 19 pacientes portadores de DAOP e DM2 simultaneamente. Os participantes desse estudo foram selecionados buscando-se homogeneidade e semelhança estatística em relação às variáveis sexo, idade e nível socioeconômico. RESULTADOS: A Lp(a) apresentou tendência a elevação tanto no grupo de pacientes com DAOP quanto naquele com DM2 + DAOP. Foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre os grupos para as dosagens de HDL-c e Apo A-I, inclusive com correlação positiva entre esses parâmetros. A relação CT/HDL-c apresentou diferença estatística significativa entre os grupos. Foram observadas correlações positiva entre Lp(a) e LDL-c, e negativa entre o índice tornozelo-braquial (ITB) e a Lp(a). CONCLUSÃO: Para as variáveis lipídicas estudadas foram observadas diferenças estatísticas significativas apenas entre os níveis plasmáticos de HDL-c e Apo A-I. Para o parâmetro Lp(a) foram observados níveis plasmáticos mais elevados...


BACKGROUND: Peripheral arterial obstructive disease (PAOD) constitutes an excellent marker for systemic atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is among the greatest risk factors for this disease. It is believed that lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is linked to increased risk of atherosclerosis, although the mechanisms responsible for that are not widely known. Elevated levels of Lp(a) seem to be associated with a higher risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), as well as PAOD and cerebrovascular disease. OBJECTIVES: To assess the plasma levels of Lp(a) and other lipid parameters in patients with PAOD and/or DM2. Material and methods: Plasma levels of Lp(a), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), triglycerides (TG) and apolipoproteins A-I and B were measured in blood samples of 12 subjects carrying neither PAOD nor DM2 (control group), 17 patients with PAOD, 18 with DM2 and 19 with both PAOD and DM2. The subjects selected for this study showed homogeneity and no statistical difference for gender, age, and socioeconomic status. RESULTS: The Lp(a) showed a tendency to elevation both in groups PAOD only and PAOD + DM2 simultaneously. Significant differences were observed among the groups as to HDL-c and apolipoprotein A-I levels, with positive correlation between these two parameters. TC/HDL-c ratio showed significant difference among the groups. Positive correlation was found between Lp(a) and LDL-c, and negative one, between the ankle-arm index and LP(a). CONCLUSION: As to the lipid parameters studied, significant statistical differences were found between HDL-c and apolipoprotein A-I plasma levels only. For Lp(a) parameter, higher plasma levels were observed in PAOD and PAOD + DM2, which have also shown concomitant and significant HDL-c reduction.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Atherosclerosis/metabolism , /metabolism , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/metabolism , Lipoprotein(a)/analysis , Cohort Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , /complications , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/etiology , Lipid Metabolism , Risk Factors
13.
Rio de Janeiro; Guanabara Koogan; 4 ed; 2008. 1094 p. ilus, tab, graf.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP, SESSP-ILSLACERVO, SES-SP, AHM-Acervo, CAMPOLIMPO-Acervo | ID: lil-646293
14.
Rio de Janeiro; Guanabara Koogan; 4 ed; 2008. 1041 p. ilus, tab, graf.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP, SESSP-ILSLACERVO, SES-SP, AHM-Acervo, CAMPOLIMPO-Acervo | ID: lil-646294
15.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 51(7): 1160-1165, out. 2007. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-470081

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The apo B/apo A-I ratio represents the balance between atherogenic particles, rich in apo B, and the antiatherogenic ones, apo A-I rich. This study investigated the association between atherosclerotic diseases in different anatomical sites and apo B/apo A-I ratio. METHODS: Lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins A-I and B were assessed in 30 subjects with coronary artery disease (CAD), 26 with ischemic stroke (IS), 30 with peripheral arterial obstructive disease (PAOD), and 38 healthy subjects (controls). RESULTS: HDLc and Apo A-I were significantly lower in PAOD and CAD groups, respectively, than in other groups. Significantly higher levels of triglycerides were observed for CAD and PAOD groups than for controls. Apo B was significantly higher in IS group than in control and PAOD groups. The apo B/apo A-I ratio showed significantly higher in CAD and IS groups when compared to control and PAOD groups (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The apo B/apo A-I ratio was important for identifying an increased trend for coronary and cerebral atherosclerosis. In spite of the increased trend for apo B/apo A-I ratio in IS and CAD groups, the studied variables cannot be considered in an isolated way, given as those parameters were analyzed together by a binary logistic regression, no association has been demonstrated.


INTRODUÇÃO: O índice apo B/apo A-I representa o balanço entre partículas de colesterol potencialmente aterogênicas ricas em apo B e partículas anti-aterogênicas ricas em apo A-I. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a associação entre doenças ateroscleróticas em diferentes sítios anatômicos e o índice apo B/apo A-I. MÉTODOS: Lípides, lipoproteínas e apolipoproteínas A-I e B foram quantificados em 30 indivíduos apresentando doença arterial coronariana (DAC), 26 com acidente vascular cerebral (AVC), 34 apresentando doença arterial obstrutiva periférica (DAOP) e 38 indivíduos hígidos (grupo controle). RESULTADOS: HDLc e apo A-I apresentaram-se significativamente mais baixos nos grupos DAOP e DAC, respectivamente, quando comparados com os demais grupos. Níveis de triglicérides foram significativamente mais elevados nos grupos DAC e PAOD quando comparados com o grupo controle. Apo B foi significativamente mais elevada no grupo AVC quando comparado com os grupos controle e DAOP. O índice apo B/apo A-I se mostrou significativamente elevado nos grupos DAC e AVC quando comparados com os demais (p < 0,001). CONCLUSÃO: O índice apo B/apo A-I foi importante para identificar uma tendência aumentada para aterosclerose coronariana e cerebral. No entanto, os parâmetros avaliados não podem ser considerados de forma isolada, considerando que nenhuma associação foi demonstrada quando os dados foram analisados pelo modelo de regressão logística binária.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Apolipoprotein A-I/blood , Apolipoproteins B/blood , Arteriolosclerosis/blood , Coronary Artery Disease/blood , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/blood , Stroke/blood , Arterial Occlusive Diseases/blood , Arterial Occlusive Diseases/etiology , Arteriolosclerosis/etiology , Biomarkers/blood , Brain Ischemia/blood , Brain Ischemia/etiology , Cholesterol, HDL/blood , Coronary Artery Disease/etiology , Epidemiologic Methods , Pedigree , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/etiology , Risk Factors , Smoking , Triglycerides/blood
16.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 88(6): 630-636, jun. 2007. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-456726

ABSTRACT

FUNDAMENTO: A prevalência de doença arterial periférica (DAP) é elevada entre os idosos. A maioria é assintomática e o exame físico pouco sensível. No Brasil, os fatores associados à DAP em idosos são pouco conhecidos. OBEJETIVOS: Identificar os fatores associados à presença de doença arterial periférica (DAP) em idosos (> 75 anos) da comunidade e desenvolver um escore de predição da doença. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, aninhado em uma coorte prospectiva ("Epidoso"). Foram avaliados 176 idosos (> 75 anos) da comunidade. A presença de DAP foi definida por meio do índice tornozelo-braquial <0,90. Os fatores associados à DAP, na análise univariada, foram analisados em modelo de regressão logística múltipla e um escore foi formulado de acordo com a probabilidade da doença. Valores de p<0,05 foram considerados significantes. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de DAP foi de 36,4 por cento. Os preditores de DAP foram: anormalidades dos pulsos dos tornozelos, hipertensão arterial, tabagismo e dor/desconforto na(s) perna(s) durante a caminhada. Essas variáveis obtiveram escores de 13, 9, 5 e 5, respectivamente. O ponto de corte (cutoff) para definir "alto risco de DAP" ficou acima dos 18 pontos e resultou em sensibilidade de 85,9 por cento, especificidade de 71,4 por cento, valor preditivo (VP) positivo de 63,2 por cento e VP negativo de 89,9 por cento. O poder discriminatório e a calibração foram excelentes (área sob a curva ROC=85 por cento e teste goodness-of-fit=p=0,639). CONCLUSÃO: Em razão do bom desempenho, o escore proposto pode tornar-se uma ferramenta simples e útil para identificar os idosos (> 75 anos) da comunidade com alto risco para DAP e que mereceriam investigação mais detalhada.


BACKGROUND: The prevalence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in the elderly is high. Most are asymptomatic and the sensitivity of the physical exam is low. In Brazil, little is known in regard to PAD risk factors in the elderly. OBJECTIVES: To identify risk factors for PAD among elderly individuals (> 75 years) in the community and to develop a prediction score. METHODS: Cross-sectional, prospective, community-based study nested within a cohort study ("Epidoso"). A total of 176 individuals were assessed. PAD was defined as an ankle-brachial index <0.9. Risk factors associated with PAD were entered into a multivariate logistic regression model. Statistical modeling was used to formulate a score according to the likelihood of PAD. A p value <0.05 was significant. RESULTS: PAD was present in 36.4 percent of participants. Abnormal pedal pulses, hypertension, cigarette smoking, and complain of leg pain/discomfort in either leg on walking were predictors of PAD. Based on the coefficients of the logistic regression, these variables were given scores of 13, 9, 5 and 5, respectively. A cutoff point >18 points defined the "high risk" individuals and yielded sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 85.9 percent, 71.4 percent, 63.2 percent and 89.9 percent, respectively. Receiver-operator characteristic analysis yielded area under curve of 85 percent, indicating excellent discrimination and goodness-of-fit statistics indicated excellent calibration (p=0.639). CONCLUSION: Because of its good performance, the proposed score can become a simple and useful tool to identify elderly community residents at higher risk of PAD who should be considered for further investigation.


Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Ankle/blood supply , Blood Pressure/physiology , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/diagnosis , Brachial Artery/physiopathology , Brazil/epidemiology , Cholesterol/blood , Epidemiologic Methods , Hypertension/complications , Intermittent Claudication/diagnosis , Leg , Pulse , Pain/etiology , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/etiology , Smoking/adverse effects , Walking
17.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 51(2): 305-311, mar. 2007.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: lil-449586

ABSTRACT

A doença cardiovascular é a principal causa de morbi-mortalidade em pacientes diabéticos. A isquemia do miocárdio é freqüentemente assintomática, levando a um diagnóstico tardio e prejudicando o prognóstico. Como o risco de eventos cardiovasculares pode ser modificado pela triagem apropriada, a identificação precoce da doença arterial coronária é de grande benefício, em particular no sexo feminino. Ainda não há consenso sobre que paciente deve ser investigada e quando deve ser iniciada a investigação diagnóstica. A decisão sobre qual método diagnóstico não-invasivo deva ser o empregado na triagem inicial é complexa, devendo conhecer-se a prevalência da doença para justificar a investigação de rotina.


Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of cardiac death among diabetic patients. The myocardial ischemia is frequently asymptomatic, leading to late diagnosis and making prognosis worse. This is particularly true for women, for whom this diagnostic is possibility often disregarded. Appropriate screening can modify the coronary artery disease risk. The early diagnosis is highly beneficial, particularly regarding females. The decision of which non-invasive diagnostic method should be used in the initial evaluation is difficult. There are several diagnostic methods to make the preliminary investigation of coronary artery disease in diabetic women even without cardiac symptoms, but there is still no consensus about who should be investigated and when should the first cardiac evaluation start. The prevalence of the disease, as well as the cardiac risk, must be known in order to justify a broad survey, mainly in the female population.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Coronary Artery Disease/diagnosis , Diabetic Angiopathies/diagnosis , Cineangiography , Coronary Artery Disease/etiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications , /complications , Exercise Test , Heart , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/diagnosis , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/etiology , Sex Factors
18.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 39(10): 1291-1295, Oct. 2006. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-437811

ABSTRACT

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the most common inherited diseases in the world and the patients present notorious clinical heterogeneity. It is known that patients with SCD present activation of the blood coagulation and fibrinolytic systems, especially during vaso-occlusive crises, but also during the steady state of the disease. We determined if the presence of the factor V gene G1691A mutation (factor V Leiden), the prothrombin gene G20210A variant, and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism may be risk factors for vascular complications in individuals with SCD. We studied 53 patients with SCD (60 percent being women), 29 with SS (sickle cell anemia; 28 years, range: 13-52 years) and 24 with SC (sickle-hemoglobin C disease; 38.5 years, range: 17-72 years) hemoglobinopathy. Factor V Leiden, MTHFR C677T polymorphism, and prothrombin G20210A variant were identified by PCR followed by further digestion of the PCR product with specific endonucleases. The following vascular complications were recorded: stroke, retinopathy, acute thoracic syndrome, and X-ray-documented avascular necrosis. Only one patient was heterozygous for factor V Leiden (1.8 percent) and there was no prothrombin G20210A variant. MTHFR 677TT polymorphism was detected in 1 patient (1.8 percent) and the heterozygous form 677TC was observed in 18 patients (34 percent, 9 with SS and 9 with SC disease), a prevalence similar to that reported by others. No association was detected between the presence of the MTHFR 677T allele and other genetic modulation factors, such as alpha-thalassemia, ß-globin gene haplotype and fetal hemoglobin. The presence of the MTHFR 677T allele was associated with the occurrence of vascular complications in SCD, although this association was not significant when each complication was considered separately. In conclusion, MTHFR C677T polymorphism might be a risk factor for vascular complications in SCD.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Anemia, Sickle Cell/genetics , Factor V/genetics , /genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/etiology , Prothrombin/genetics , Alleles , Anemia, Sickle Cell/complications , Genetic Markers , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Risk Factors
19.
Rev. medica electron ; 28(1)ene.-feb. 2006.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-445648

ABSTRACT

Con el objetivo de caracterizar la relación existente entre la enfermedad vascular periférica, la cardiopatía isquémica y la enfermedad cerebrovascular, se evaluaron 40 pacientes diabéticos sin distinción de edad o sexo clasificados en portadores de lesión arterial tipo ocluido o no ocluido. Se realizó a cada paciente un examen clínico, un estudio hemodinámico cuantitativo de ambos miembros inferiores y un electrocardiograma. Se observó que los pacientes ocluidos presentaron una mayor proporción de electrocardiogramas con signos de cardiopatía. De igual forma la distribución de síntomas y signos clínicos vasculares periféricos fueron diferentes en ambos grupos; encontrándose que los ocluidos presentaron mayor proporción de claudicación intermitente, mientras que los no ocluidos presentaron mayor proporción de dolor y sintomatología inespecífica. Finalmente se observó que la sintomatología clínica cardiaca y cerebrovascular no mostró diferencias entre ambos grupos...


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Cerebrovascular Disorders , Diabetes Mellitus , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/etiology , Myocardial Ischemia/etiology
20.
Acta cir. bras ; 20(supl.1): 95-100, 2005.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-474172

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: There are studies that confirm the association between dyslipidaemia and the genesis of atherosclerosis process in world literature. The goal of this study is to evaluate the incidence of the dyslipidaemia in patients with critical limb ischemia. METHODS: The analysis was made in fifty in-patients from Vascular Surgery Service from Barão de Lucena Hospital from September 2003 to August 2004. We analyzed the laboratorial tests and seen the frequency the lipids abnormalities in fifty patients. RESULTS: Among the patients evaluated 62.2% was women and 37.8% was men. The incidence of abnormalities in the lipids levels was 39.2% in women and 31.5% in the men. It was not possible to determinate the relationship between the lipids levels and the intensity of atherosclerotic lesions. CONCLUSIONS: There is a significant incidence of dyslipidaemia in the patients evaluated. All data are similar to the ones observed in the in the literature.


Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Atherosclerosis/complications , Dyslipidemias/complications , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/etiology , Lower Extremity/blood supply , Ischemia/etiology , Lipids/blood , Atherosclerosis/physiopathology , Brazil , Chi-Square Distribution , Critical Illness , Diabetes Mellitus/etiology , Diabetes Mellitus/physiopathology , Dyslipidemias/physiopathology , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/physiopathology , Hypertension/etiology , Hypertension/physiopathology , Ischemia/physiopathology , Risk Factors , Blood Flow Velocity/physiology
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