ABSTRACT
Introducción: La enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica es un problema sanitario mundial por su elevada prevalencia, morbilidad y cuantioso costo económico. Objetivo: Caracterizar mediante la pletismografía a los pacientes con diagnóstico de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica que presentaron una discrepancia clínica espirométrica. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal en 33 pacientes con diagnóstico de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica que acudieron a consulta externa del Hospital Neumológico Benéfico Jurídico y el Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas. Se les realizaron volúmenes pulmonares por pletismografía corporal y espirometría en el período comprendido de noviembre 2016 a marzo 2018. Resultados: El sexo masculino (69,7 por ciento) resultó el más frecuente y el grupo de edad predominante fue mayor de 65 años (60,6 por ciento). El 41,2 por ciento de los pacientes presentaron grado de obstrucción moderadamente severo. La capacidad pulmonar total y el volumen residual fueron normales (72,7 por ciento y 42,5 por ciento) respectivamente. El 43,8 por ciento de los pacientes presentaron hiperinsuflación leve. El grado 3 de disnea fue el que predominó en los pacientes. El 12,1 por ciento de los pacientes presentaron aumento del volumen residual dado por atrapamiento aéreo grave con la disminución del volumen espiratorio forzado en el primer segundo. Conclusiones: El comportamiento de los volúmenes pulmonares por pletismografía corporal en la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica con disociación clínico-espirométrica, evidenció la disminución del volumen espiratorio forzado en el primer segundo y el aumento del volumen residual relacionándose con el grado de disnea(AU)
Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a global health problem due to its high prevalence, morbidity and high economic cost. Objective: By using plethysmography, to describe patients with diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease that had spirometric clinical discrepancy. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in 33 patients with diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who attended the outpatient clinic at Benéfico Jurídico Pneumologic Hospital and the Clinical Research Centre. Lung volumes were performed by body plethysmography and spirometry from November 2016 to March 2018. Results: The male sex (69.7 percent) was the most frequent and the predominant age group was older than 65 years (60.6 percent). 41.2 percent of the patients had moderately severe degree of obstruction. Total lung capacity and residual volume were normal, 72.7 percent and 42.5 percent, respectively. 43.8 percent of the patients had mild hyperinflation. Grade 3 dyspnea was the one that predominated in the patients. 12.1 percent of the patients showed increased residual volume due to severe air trapping with decreased forced expiratory volume in the first second. Conclusions: The behavior of lung volumes by body plethysmography in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with clinical-spirometric dissociation, evidenced decrease in forced expiratory volume in the first second and increased in residual volume related to the degree of dyspnea(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Plethysmography, Whole Body/methods , Spirometry/methods , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiology , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Airway responsiveness after acute inhalation of ozone is related to the concentration and duration of ozone exposure. Using barometric whole-body plethysmography and increase in enhanced pause (Penh) as an index of airway obstruction, we measured the response of BALB/c mice to acute ozone inhalation to study the time course change of pulmonary function after ozone exposure. METHODS: Penh was measured before and after exposure to filtered air or 0.12, 0.5, 1, or 2 ppm ozone for 3 hr (n=6/group). In addition, Penh was measured 24, 48 and 72 hr after ozone exposure. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and histopathologic examinations were performed. RESULTS: The increase in Penh after ozone exposure was significantly higher in the 0.12, 0.5, 1 and 2 ppm groups compared with the control group (all p< 0.01). Increases in Penh 24 hr after ozone exposure were significantly lower than those immediately after acute ozone exposure; however, increases in Penh 72 hr after ozone exposure were significantly higher than those in the control group (each p< 0.01). The proportion of neutrophils in BAL fluid was significantly higher in the group exposed to 2 ppm ozone than in the groups exposed to filtered air or 0.12 ppm ozone (both p< 0.01). CONCLUSION: These results indicate that airway obstruction is induced following ozone exposure in a concentration-dependent manner and persists for at least 72 hr.