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1.
J. bras. pneumol ; 39(1): 69-75, jan.-fev. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-668059

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar as alterações da mecânica respiratória e do volume corrente (VC) em lactentes sibilantes em ventilação espontânea após a realização da técnica de expiração lenta e prolongada (ELPr). MÉTODOS: Foram incluídos no estudo lactentes com história de sibilância recorrente e sem exacerbações nos 15 dias anteriores. Para a avaliação da função pulmonar, os lactentes foram sedados e posicionados em decúbito dorsal com máscara facial acoplada a um pneumotacógrafo. As variáveis da respiração corrente - VC e FR - e da mecânica respiratória - complacência do sistema respiratório (Csr), resistência (Rsr) e constante de tempo (psr) - foram mensuradas antes e após a realização de três sequências consecutivas de ELPr. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 18 lactentes, com média de idade de 32 ± 11 semanas. Houve um aumento significante no VC após ELPr (79,3 ± 15,6 mL vs. 85,7 ± 17,2 mL; p = 0,009), assim como uma redução na FR (40,6 ± 6,9 ciclos/min vs. 38,8 ± 0,9 ciclos/min; p = 0,042). Entretanto, não houve alterações significantes nos valores da mecânica respiratória (Csr: 11,0 ± 3,1 mL/cmH2O vs. 11,3 ± 2,7 mL/cmH2O; Rsr: 29,9 ± 6,2 cmH2O • mL-1 • s-1 vs. 30,8 ± 7,1 cmH2O • mL-1 • s-1; e psr: 0,32 ± 0,11 s vs. 0,34 ± 0,12 s; p > 0,05 para todos). CONCLUSÕES: Essa técnica de fisioterapia respiratória é capaz de induzir alterações significativas no VC e na FR de lactentes com sibilância recorrente, mesmo na ausência de exacerbações. A manutenção das variáveis da mecânica respiratória indica que a técnica é segura para ser aplicada nesse grupo de pacientes. Estudos com lactentes sintomáticos são necessários para quantificar os efeitos funcionais da técnica.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate changes in respiratory mechanics and tidal volume (V T) in wheezing infants in spontaneous ventilation after performing the technique known as the prolonged, slow expiratory (PSE) maneuver. METHODS: We included infants with a history of recurrent wheezing and who had had no exacerbations in the previous 15 days. For the assessment of the pulmonary function, the infants were sedated and placed in the supine position, and a face mask was used and connected to a pneumotachograph. The variables of tidal breathing (V T and RR) as well as those of respiratory mechanics-respiratory system compliance (Crs), respiratory system resistance (Rrs), and the respiratory system time constant (prs)-were measured before and after three consecutive PSE maneuvers. RESULTS: We evaluated 18 infants. The mean age was 32 ± 11 weeks. After PSE, there was a significant increase in V T (79.3 ± 15.6 mL vs. 85.7 ± 17.2 mL; p = 0.009) and a significant decrease in RR (40.6 ± 6.9 breaths/min vs. 38.8 ± 0,9 breaths/min; p = 0.042). However, no significant differences were found in the variables of respiratory mechanics (Crs: 11.0 ± 3.1 mL/cmH2O vs. 11.3 ± 2.7 mL/cmH2O; Rrs: 29.9 ± 6.2 cmH2O • mL-1 • s-1 vs. 30.8 ± 7.1 cmH2O • mL-1 • s-1; and prs: 0.32 ± 0.11 s vs. 0.34 ±0.12 s; p > 0.05 for all). CONCLUSIONS: This respiratory therapy technique is able to induce significant changes in V T and RR in infants with recurrent wheezing, even in the absence of exacerbations. The fact that the variables related to respiratory mechanics remained unchanged indicates that the technique is safe to apply in this group of patients. Studies involving symptomatic infants are needed in order to quantify the functional effects of the technique.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Expiratory Reserve Volume/physiology , Physical Therapy Modalities/adverse effects , Respiratory Mechanics/physiology , Respiratory Sounds/physiology , Respiratory Therapy/methods , Cross-Sectional Studies , Respiratory Sounds/diagnosis , Tidal Volume/physiology
2.
Clinics ; 66(9): 1573-1577, 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-604296

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Asthma and rhinitis often coexist, which potentially increases the disease severity and can negatively impact a patients' quality of life. However, there are few reports based on data obtained from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood examining asthma severity in combination with rhinitisrelated symptoms. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate whether current rhinitis and current rhinoconjunctivitis are associated with the development of asthma or its increasing severity in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS: The prevalence of current asthma was correlated with the prevalence of current rhinitis and current rhinoconjunctivitis in adolescents (13 to 14 year olds) from 16 Brazilian centers (based on Spearman's rank correlation index). The influence of current rhinitis and current rhinoconjunctivitis on asthma presentation was also evaluated using the chi-squared test and was expressed as odds ratios with 95 percent confidence intervals (95 percentCI). RESULTS: A significant positive correlation was observed between the prevalence of current asthma and current rhinitis (rs = 0.82; 95 percentCI: 0.60-0.93, p< 0.0001) and between the prevalence of current asthma and current rhinoconjunctivitis (rs = 0.75; 95 percentCI: 0.47-0.89, p < 0.0001). Current rhinitis was associated with a significantly increased risk of current asthma and of more severe asthma. Similar results were observed for current rhinoconjunctivitis. CONCLUSION: In this epidemiologic study of Brazilian adolescents, the presence of current rhinitis and current rhinoconjunctivitis was associated with a high risk of developing asthma and increased asthma severity. The mutual evaluation of rhinitis and asthma is necessary to establish an adequate treatment plan.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Humans , Asthma/epidemiology , Conjunctivitis/epidemiology , Rhinitis/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Epidemiologic Methods , Nasal Obstruction/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Respiratory Sounds/physiology , Sneezing/physiology
3.
ACM arq. catarin. med ; 37(3): 7-12, 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-503665

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Avaliar a prevalência de asma brônquica em alunos da primeira à décima segunda fase do curso de medicina da Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (Unisul), no Município de Tubarão – SC, utilizando o questionário escrito módulo asma do International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal, utilizando o questionário escrito módulo asma do ISAAC em 180 alunos do curso de medicina da Unisul, selecionadospor amostragem aleatória. Foi utilizado um ponto de corte de 5 para diferenciar asmáticos de não asmáticos. Resultados: A prevalência de asma brônquica napopulação estudada foi de 16,7%. Dos participantes, 92 (51,1%) eram do gênero masculino e 88 (48,9%) do gênero feminino. Dos 180 alunos que responderam o questionário, 167 (92,8%) eram caucasianos. A idade variou entre 18 e 38 anos, sendo a idade média de 22,2 anos (DP ± 3).Conclusões: A prevalência de asma brônquica entre os alunos do curso de medicina da Unisul foi muito próxima da média estimada nacional que é de 20%


Objectives: To estimate the prevalence os asthma among the medical students from the first to twelfth term of the Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (Unisul) – Tubarão – SC, using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) written questionaire of asthma. Methods: A cross-sectional study, using the ISAACwritten questionaire of asthma, evaluating 180 randomly selected medical students was performed. The cut off point to selected asthmatic students was 5. Results: The prevalence of asthma among the studied population was 16,7% of those surveyed, 92 (55,1%) were male and 88 (48,9%) were female. From the 180 students who answered the questionaire, 167 (92,8%) were caucasian. The age ranged of 18 to 38 years old, and the mean age was 22,2 years old (DP ± 3).Conclusions: The prevalence of asthma among medical students of Unisul was very similar to the national average (20%), which was also obtained by using the ISAAC written questionaire.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Asthma , Respiratory Sounds , Signs and Symptoms , Asthma/diagnosis , Asthma/history , Signs and Symptoms/classification , Signs and Symptoms/trends , Respiratory Sounds/diagnosis , Respiratory Sounds/physiology
4.
Col. med. estado Táchira ; 15(4): 41-43, oct.-dic. 2006.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-530738

ABSTRACT

El Rabdomiosarcoma es el sarcoma de tejidos blandos de origen musculoesqueléticos más frecuente en niños menores de 15 años y uno de los más comunes en adolescentes y adultos jóvenes. (1) Las áreas del cuerpo más comunes donde puede alojarse este tumor son la cabeza, el cuello, la vejiga, la vagina, los brazos, las piernas y el tronco. Aunque también puede encontrarse en la próstata, el oído medio y el sistema de conductos biliares. (2) En los niños con rabdomiosarcoma embrionario, esta anomalía se encuentra en el cromosoma 11, mientras el alveolar en los cromosomas 2 y 13. (1) Se reconocen tres subtipos: embrionario, alveolar y pleomórfico. El embrionario se observa en niños y adolescentes menores de 15 años y se localiza principalmente en la cabeza y en el cuello, tracto urogenital, retroperitoneo y extremidades. Los síntomas pueden incluir una masa visible o palpable que puede ser doloroso o no, parestesia, dolor. (2) El diagnóstico se establece a través del examen físico, historia médica completa, así como estudios imagenológicos, biopsia y punción de medula ósea. (3) El tratamiento específico será dado por la localización del tumor primario y el estadio del tumor, en algunos pacientes se administra quimioterapia preoperatorio en un intento de reducir la extensión de la intervención y de preservar órganos vitales. El pronóstico se relaciona con la edad del paciente, sitio de origen, resecabilidad. (4)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , /physiology , Musculoskeletal Diseases/pathology , Liver/injuries , Head and Neck Neoplasms/surgery , Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology , Head and Neck Neoplasms/drug therapy , Drug Therapy/methods , Radiography, Abdominal/methods , Respiratory Sounds/physiology , Appendectomy/methods , Biopsy/methods , Embryology , Pediatrics , Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal/diagnosis , Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal/pathology , Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal/therapy , Sarcoma/pathology
5.
Medicina (Ribeiräo Preto) ; 27(1/2): 66-82, jan.-jun. 1994. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-163660

ABSTRACT

Recentemente tem havido um interesse renovado na aplicaçao clínica da ausculta dos sons respiratórios. Técnicas modernas de análise dos sons respiratórios permitem uma observaçao em bases mais objetivas do que era possível anteriormente. Mesmo considerando que a maioria dos resultados de pesquisas básicas relacionadas à geraçao e transmissao dos sons respiratórios sejam primariamente do interesse dos fisiologistas, muitos desses resultados apresentam valor prático e devem interessar aos clínicos porque fornecem suporte ao diagnóstico baseado no exame físico. O objetivo desta breve revisao é resumir os conhecimentos atuais acerca da produçao, transmissao e significado clínico dos sons respiratórios.


Subject(s)
Humans , Auscultation/methods , Respiratory Sounds/physiology , Respiratory Sounds/classification
6.
Middle East Journal of Anesthesiology. 1994; 12 (6): 519-20
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-33845
7.
Indian J Pediatr ; 1991 Jul-Aug; 58(4): 525-7
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-81326

ABSTRACT

Forty children aged 5 months to 3 years and suffering from wheezy baby syndrome (WBS) were evaluated to find out the prevalence of neonatal meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) from the birth records. Twelve (30%) babies with WBS were detected to have a history of MAS at birth, significant enough to require a neonatal ICU admission. In contrast, only 2% of the 50 control non wheezy babies aged 6 months-3 years had a history of neonatal meconium aspiration syndrome (p less than 0.001). There was no significant difference in mean number of wheezing spells over six months in the neonatal MAS positive and MAS negative groups (3.4 vs. 3.2, p greater than 0.05). Family history of atopy was present in 64.3% of wheezing subjects with normal birth records, while none had such history in babies with neonatal MAS. The results of the present study suggested an association between neonatal MAS and subsequent wheezing.


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Hypersensitivity, Immediate/physiopathology , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Meconium Aspiration Syndrome/physiopathology , Prospective Studies , Recurrence , Respiratory Sounds/physiology , Syndrome
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