ABSTRACT
A new sisomicin resistance gene sisR was cloned from sisomicin-producing Micromonospora inyoensis. The sisR fragment was obtained by PCR amplification. The primer pairs were designed based on grm gene sequence from gentamicin-producing Micromonospora purpurea. The template DNA was isolated from Micromonospora inyoensis. A series of different DNA fragments were amplified by PCR, which were sub-cloned to vector pUC19 for further identification. It was found that five specific transformants containing target DNA fragments could resist high concentrations of sisomicin (over 1000 microg/mL sisomicin). One of them designated as sisR, was then sequenced and the alignment among sisR and other related genes showed that sisR gene differs from any known genes. It was concluded that sisR gene is a sequence that has not been reported so far.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents , Pharmacology , Bacterial Proteins , Genetics , Base Sequence , Cloning, Molecular , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Genetics , Genes, Bacterial , Micromonospora , Genetics , Molecular Sequence Data , Sisomicin , PharmacologyABSTRACT
Aortic valve is usually involved in infective endocarditis. Aortic valve endocarditis produces destruction and perforation of leaflets and results in ring abscess, frequently. Less commonly, direct extension or infected aortic regurgitant jet can produce secondary involvement of anterior mitral leaflet (AML) and result in the formation of an aneurysm or perforation of AML. A 60-year-old woman was admitted to Kyung Hee University hospital because of a febrile illness and dyspnea. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) showed an aortic valve vegetation, an aneurysm of AML, and an eccentric jet of mitral regurgitation through AML. Transe-sophageal echocardiography (TEE) showed a perforation of AML. -streptococcus was isolated from blood culture. The patient was treated with Vancomycin and Sisomicin sulfate. On hospital day 21, heart failure was aggravated and emergent double valve replacement was done. The patient was recovered and discharged.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Abscess , Aneurysm , Aortic Valve , Dyspnea , Echocardiography , Endocarditis , Heart Failure , Mitral Valve Insufficiency , Sisomicin , VancomycinABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Prophylactic antibiotics have been used in nonperforated appendicitis for preventing infection after an appendectomy. However, the duration of antibiotic administration for surgical prophylaxis in Korea has been noted to be longer than those recommended in other countries. PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to identify the appropriate duration of prophylactic antibiotic therapy in nonperforated appendicitis by comparing the wound infection rates of two different antibiotic regimens, 24 hours of cephalosporin (cefoxitin) alone and 72 hours of cephalosporin (cefoxitin) with aminoglycoside (sissomicin). METHODS: One hundred thirty-four (134) patients of nonperforated appendicitis were enrolled in this prospective, randomized, open trial and were assigned to one of two antibiotic regimens: 1) cefoxitin 1 g every 8 hours given intravenously for 24 hours and 2) cefoxitin 1 g every 8 hours given intravenously plus sissomicin 75 mg every 12 hours given intramuscularly for 72 hours. First doses were given just prior to the induction of anesthesia. RESULTS: Postoperative wound infections were detected in 3 cases (4.5%) of the 72-hour-treated group (n=66) whereas none occurred in the 24-hour-treated group (n=68). However, the difference in the rates of wound infections between the two groups was not statistically significant. Cost analysis identified a saving of 43,470 won per patient in the 24-hour-treated group. CONCLUSION: In nonperforated appendicitis cefoxitin administration alone for 24 hours is sufficient as a surgical prophylaxis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Anesthesia , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Appendectomy , Appendicitis , Cefoxitin , Costs and Cost Analysis , Korea , Prospective Studies , Sisomicin , Surgical Wound Infection , Wound InfectionABSTRACT
The central auditory toxicity of sisomicin was studied in guineapigs administered sisomicin (135 mg/kg body weight) sc for 10 days. Total lipids, phospholipids and cholesterol were estimated in the pons, inferior colliculus, medial geniculate body and auditory cortex. While the total lipids were increased in a non-preferential manner in all the regions studied, phospholipids and cholesterol levels registered no change. This study suggests the possible central auditory toxicity following sisomicin administration.
Subject(s)
Animals , Auditory Cortex/drug effects , Auditory Pathways/drug effects , Cholesterol/analysis , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Geniculate Bodies/drug effects , Guinea Pigs , Inferior Colliculi/drug effects , Lipids/analysis , Male , Phospholipids/analysis , Pons/drug effects , Sisomicin/toxicityABSTRACT
540 strains of bacteria isolated from various clinical materials comprising 440 strains of Gram negative bacilli and 100 strains of Gram positive cocci were tested for their susceptibility in vitro to Kanamycin, Gentamicin and a new aminoglycoside antibiotic Sisomicin (Ensamycin). The sensitivity pattern revealed that 68.88% of the strains were sensitive to Kanamycin, 82.9% to Gentamicin and 89.0% to Sisomicin. The effectiveness of Sisomicin is comparatively greater (6.1%) than the other two aminoglycosides. In particular a considerable number of Gentamicin resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.3%) were found to be sensitive to Sisomicin which is a highly desirable property. Existence of about 11% Sisomium resistant strains even before the wide usage of this antibiotic is note worthy.
Subject(s)
Drug Resistance, Microbial , Gentamicins/pharmacology , Gram-Negative Bacteria/drug effects , Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects , Humans , Kanamycin Resistance , Sisomicin/pharmacologyABSTRACT
A técnica de gradiente (método de Szybalski) foi utilizada para obter 500 mutants de E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus indol-positivo e P. indol-negativo, Pseudomonas aeruginosa e Staphylococcus aureus e S. epidermidis. Como seletores de resistência foram usadas amicacina e sisomicina. As mutantes resistentes apresentaram fatores de aumento de resistência que variaram de 4 a 32 vezes, comparada com os tipos selvagens. Houve perda de resistência adquirida para sisomicina em 38,4% dos clones, e para amicacina em 18,0% com estocagem das células em temperatura ambiente. A base genética da resistência adquirida näo foi determinada; contudo säo tecidas algumas consideraçöes sobre mecanismo possivelmente envolvidos
Subject(s)
Staphylococcus/drug effects , Amikacin/pharmacology , Sisomicin/pharmacology , Gram-Negative Bacteria , Drug Resistance, MicrobialSubject(s)
Amikacin , Ampicillin/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Gram-Negative Bacteria/drug effects , Carbenicillin/pharmacology , Cefamandole/pharmacology , Cefoxitin , Cephalothin/pharmacology , Dibekacin/pharmacology , Gentamicins/pharmacology , Netilmicin/pharmacology , Sisomicin/pharmacology , Tobramycin/pharmacology , VenezuelaABSTRACT
Os autores estudaram 177 gestantes submetidas a cesárea no Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSP em 1977. Foram divididas em 2 grupos: Grupo I- 85 puérperas que receberam profilaticamente cloranfenicol, 2 gr diariamente, via oral por 5 dias e Grupo II - 92 puérperas que receberam sisomicina, 75 mg intramuscular cada 8 horas por 5 dias. Os resultados näo mostram diferença de morbidade infecciosa entre os dois grupos; os A.A. discutem as possíveis causas
Subject(s)
Pregnancy , Humans , Female , Cesarean Section , Chloramphenicol/therapeutic use , Puerperal Infection/drug therapy , Sisomicin/therapeutic use , Double-Blind MethodSubject(s)
Amikacin , Gentamicins , In Vitro Techniques , Netilmicin , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Sisomicin , TobramycinABSTRACT
Se presentan 59 casos de rinoescleroma. Se comenta la etiopatogenia y la patologia de la enfermedad. Se analizan sus factores inmunologicos y se actualiza el tratamiento
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Rhinoscleroma/etiology , Betamethasone/administration & dosage , Diagnosis, Differential , Klebsiella/drug effects , Levamisole/administration & dosage , Nasal Mucosa/ultrastructure , Rhinoscleroma/diagnosis , Rhinoscleroma/drug therapy , Rhinoscleroma/immunology , Rhinoscleroma/pathology , Sisomicin/administration & dosage , Trimethoprim/administration & dosageSubject(s)
Ampicillin , Bacterial Infections , Sisomicin , Drug Combinations , Gram-Negative Anaerobic BacteriaABSTRACT
Se presenta un caso de afaquia quirurgica adaptado con una lente de contacto blanda de uso prolongado en el que se produjo un absceso de cornea del cual se aislo Staphylococcus epidermidis y se curo con tres inyecciones subconjuntivales de sulfato de sisomicina e instilaciones de gentaminica. Del estuche se aislo Pseudomonas aeruginosa