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1.
Chinese Acupuncture & Moxibustion ; (12): 1311-1314, 2023.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1007475

ABSTRACT

Starting from the perspective of meridian theory, this article briefly analyzes the meridian pathophysiology of snoring and the relationship between snoring and meridian theory. It proposes that acupuncture treatment for snoring should focus on regulating qi from the shaoyang meridians, harmonizing the spirit by the governor vessel, resolving phlegm through the three yang meridians, and harmonizing qi and blood from the yangming meridians. Additionally, attention is placed on both the root cause and the symptoms, the theory of "four seas". The ultimate goal is to promote the flow of meridian and qi-blood, improve symptoms such as nighttime snoring, poor sleep quality, and daytime sleepiness, and achieve the desired outcome of stopping snoring and ensuring restful sleep.


Subject(s)
Humans , Meridians , Snoring/therapy , Acupuncture Therapy , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders , Mucus , Acupuncture Points
2.
Chinese Acupuncture & Moxibustion ; (12): 951-954, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1007424

ABSTRACT

This study summarizes the clinical thinking of acupuncture for snoring based on "disharmony qi leads to restlessness". According to the pathological characteristics of qi stagnation and blood stasis, phlegm dampness and internal obstruction in snoring patients, combined with the etiology, pathogenesis and location of the disease, the innovative viewpoint of "disharmony qi leads to restlessness" is proposed. It is believed that the key to snoring treatment lies in "regulating qi ". In clinical practice, acupuncture can directly regulate the qi of the disease's location, regulate the qi of the organs and viscera, and regulate the qi of the meridians to achieve overall regulation of the body's internal and external qi, smooth circulation of qi and blood, and ultimately achieve the therapeutic goal of harmonizing qi, stopping snoring, and improving sleep quality.


Subject(s)
Humans , Qi , Snoring/therapy , Psychomotor Agitation , Acupuncture Therapy , Meridians
3.
Rev. Méd. Clín. Condes ; 32(5): 543-553, sept.-oct. 2021. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1526040

ABSTRACT

El ronquido es un problema altamente prevalente, que afecta a millones de personas a nivel mundial. Impacta negativamente en la calidad de vida al afectar la relación de pareja y la calidad de sueño, además de constituir un factor de riesgo cardiovascular. El objetivo de esta revisión es analizar y discutir los aspectos más relevantes de esta condición, desde su etiopatogenia hasta las diferentes alternativas terapéuticas disponibles. En la evaluación del paciente roncador se debe realizar un minucioso examen de nariz, boca, faringe, cuello y esqueleto facial, además de estimar el riesgo de que exista una apnea obstructiva del sueño asociada. Son de utilidad una serie de cuestionarios que permiten asignar puntaje a la sintomatología del paciente y evaluar su impacto en la vida diaria. En general, el estudio deberá incluir exámenes radiológicos, endoscopías de la vía aérea superior (con el paciente despierto y bajo sueño inducido por medicamentos) y estudios del sueño, que se pueden realizar tanto en forma ambulatoria como hospitalizado. Existe una amplia gama de tratamientos disponibles para el ronquido, los que han demostrado una alta efectividad en diferentes subgrupos de pacientes: bajar de peso, dejar de fumar, medicamentos antialérgicos, terapia postural, ejercicios faríngeos, dispositivos de avance mandibular y procedimientos quirúrgicos que van desde intervenciones mínimamente invasivas hasta procedimientos avanzados como cirugía robótica, avances máxilo-mandibulares y la estimulación del nervio hipogloso. Es clave para manejar exitosamente el ronquido el realizar una evaluación detallada del paciente y establecer un plan terapéutico personalizado.


Snoring is a highly prevalent problem, affecting millions of people worldwide. It negatively impacts quality of life by affecting couple relationships and sleep quality, as well as being a cardiovascular risk factor. The aim of this review article is to analyze and discuss the most relevant aspects of this condition, ranging from its etiology and pathogenesis to the different available therapeutic options. When evaluating a snoring patient, a thorough examination of the nose, mouth, pharynx, neck and facial skeleton should be performed, and the risk of having an associated obstructive sleep apnea must be estimated. A series of questionnaires are useful to assign scores to the patient's symptoms and assess their impact on daily life. In general terms, patient evaluation should include radiological examinations, upper airway endoscopies (awake and under drug-induced sleep) and sleep studies, which can be performed both on an outpatient or inpatient basis. There is a wide range of treatments available for snoring, which have shown high effectiveness in different patient subgroups: weight loss, quitting smoking, anti-allergic medications, postural therapy, pharyngeal exercises, mandibular-advancement devices and surgical procedures ranging from minimally invasive interventions to advanced procedures such as robotic surgery, maxillomandibular advancement and hypoglossal nerve stimulation. The cornerstone for a successful snoring management is to perform a detailed patient evaluation and to establish a personalized therapeutic plan.


Subject(s)
Humans , Snoring/diagnosis , Snoring/etiology , Pharynx/anatomy & histology , Physical Examination , Quality of Life , Snoring/therapy , Anthropometry , Risk Factors , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/complications , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/diagnosis , Medical History Taking
4.
Rev. Ateneo Argent. Odontol ; 61(2): 13-25, nov. 2019. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1095251

ABSTRACT

Los desórdenes respiratorios del sueño (DRS) y, principalmente, roncopatías y apneas obstructivas afectan aproximadamente al 7% de los pacientes ortodóncicos. Los DRS no solo son importantes por la cantidad de pacientes afectados, sino por la gravedad de los posibles efectos secundarios a nivel de la salud general del paciente. La obstrucción de las vías aéreas superiores (VAS) provoca alteraciones del crecimiento y deformaciones craneofaciales importantes, por lo que el tratamiento temprano y la prevención de la respiración oral es muy importante.El papel del ortodoncista es muy importante en el diagnóstico y en el tratamiento de los DRS, pero también en su prevención, realizando tratamientos que aumenten la dimensión y la permeabilidad de las VAS. El protocolo de exploración interdisciplinar en niños y adolescentes y la cefalometría de vías aéreas son importantes en el diagnóstico y deben ser tenidos en cuenta en el plan de tratamiento. Pero las pruebas más significativas, el CBCT de vías aéreas y la polisomnografía no son pruebas rutinarias por la dificultad logística y el precio de estas pruebas. En este artículo también se recomiendan los tratamientos de ortodoncia más indicados en estos casos y que tienden al aumento de la dimensión de las VAS (AU)


Sleep breathing disorders (SBD) and in the first place, roncopathy and obstructive apnea, affect approximately 7% of orthodontic patients. The SBD are not only important for the number of affected patients, but also for the severity of the possible side effects at the level of general health of a patient. The upper air ways (UAW) obstruction provokes important alterations in growth and craniofacial deformations, and this is why the early treatment and prevention of mouth breathing are very important. The role of an orthodontist in diagnosis and treatment of SBD is very important, but it is also in its prevention, carrying out the treatments which increase the dimension and permeability of UAW. The protocol of interdisciplinary examination.In children and adolescents and the air ways cephalometry analysis have an important role in diagnosis and they should be taken into account in treatment planning. But the most important tests, the air ways CBCT and polysomnography, are not routine tests due to the complicated logistics and their cost. In this article, the orthodontic treatments most indicated in these cases are recommended, because they tend to increase the UAW dimension (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Orthodontics, Preventive , Sleep Apnea Syndromes/prevention & control , Sleep Apnea Syndromes/therapy , Sleep Apnea Syndromes/diagnostic imaging , Snoring/therapy , Sleep Disorders, Intrinsic , Dentition, Mixed , Patient Care Planning , Polysomnography , Airway Obstruction/prevention & control , Extraoral Traction Appliances , Spiral Cone-Beam Computed Tomography , Malocclusion, Angle Class II/therapy
5.
Dental press j. orthod. (Impr.) ; 23(4): 45-54, July-Aug. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-953040

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction: Occlusal side effects or development of pain and/or functional impairment of the temporomandibular complex are potential reasons for poor compliance or abandonment of mandibular advancement splints treatment for snoring and obstructive sleep apnea. Objective: This study aimed at providing a comprehensive review evaluating the craniofacial side effects of oral appliance therapy for snoring and obstructive sleep apnea. Methods: An electronic search was systematically conducted in PubMed and Virtual Health Library from their inception until October 2016. Only Randomized Controlled Trials whose primary aim was to measure objectively identified side effects on craniofacial complex of a custom-made oral appliance for treating primary snoring or obstructive sleep apnea were included. Studied patients should be aged 20 or older. The risk of bias in the trials was assessed in accordance with the recommendations of The Cochrane Risk of Bias criteria. Results: A total of 62 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. After the review process, only 6 met all the inclusion criteria. All studies were rated as having a high risk of bias. The most uniformly reported mandibular advancement splint side effects were predominantly of dental nature and included a decrease in overjet and overbite. The risk of developing pain and function impairment of the temporomandibular complex appeared limited with long-term mandibular advancement splint use. Conclusion: The limited available evidence suggests that mandibular advancement splint therapy for snoring and obstructive sleep apnea results in changes in craniofacial morphology that are predominantly dental in nature, specially on a long-term basis. Considering the chronic nature of obstructive sleep apnea and that oral appliance use might be a lifelong treatment, a thorough customized follow-up should therefore be undertaken to detect possible side effects on craniofacial complex. It is also important to provide adequate information to the patients regarding these possible changes, especially to those in whom larger occlusal changes are to be expected or in whom they are unfavorable. Long-term assessments of adverse effects of oral appliance therapy, with larger study samples and recruitment of homogenous patient population are still required.


RESUMO Introdução: efeitos colaterais oclusais e o desenvolvimento de dor e/ou disfunção do complexo temporomandibular podem levar à baixa adesão ou ao abandono do tratamento do ronco e da apneia obstrutiva do sono com aparelhos de avanço mandibular. Objetivo: fornecer uma revisão abrangente da literatura sobre os efeitos colaterais craniofaciais do tratamento do ronco e da apneia obstrutiva do sono com aparelhos de avanço mandibular. Métodos: foram realizadas buscas eletrônicas sistematicamente no PubMed e na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde até outubro de 2016. Foram incluídos apenas Ensaios Controlados Randomizados, com o objetivo primário de mensurar objetivamente os efeitos colaterais no complexo craniofacial associados ao uso de aparelhos de avanço mandibular no tratamento do ronco e da apneia obstrutiva do sono. Os pacientes estudados deveriam ter 20 anos de idade ou mais. A avaliação do risco de viés dos trabalhos selecionados seguiu as recomendações do The Cochrane Risk of Bias. Resultados: no total, 62 artigos completos foram avaliados em relação à elegibilidade. Após o processo de revisão, apenas 6 atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. Todos os estudos foram julgados como tendo alto risco de viés. Os efeitos colaterais mais frequentemente encontrados foram de natureza dentária e incluíram uma diminuição do overjet e do overbite. O risco de desenvolvimento de dor ou disfunção do complexo temporomandibular pareceu limitado na avaliação de longo prazo do uso do aparelho de avanço mandibular. Conclusão: as evidências disponíveis são limitadas e sugerem que o tratamento do ronco e da apneia obstrutiva do sono com aparelhos de avanço mandibular resulta em alterações craniofaciais predominantemente dentárias, especialmente nas avaliações de longo prazo. Considerando-se que a apneia obstrutiva do sono é crônica e que os aparelho intrabucais se constituem em uma forma de tratamento contínuo e por tempo indefinido, é necessário um acompanhamento individualizado para monitorar possíveis efeitos colaterais no complexo craniofacial. Também é importante informar aos pacientes sobre esses possíveis efeitos, especialmente àqueles nos quais são esperadas maiores alterações oclusais ou nos quais elas sejam desfavoráveis. Ainda são necessárias avaliações de longo prazo dos efeitos colaterais do tratamento com aparelhos intrabucais, com amostras maiores e mais homogêneas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Periodontal Splints/adverse effects , Snoring/therapy , Mandibular Advancement/adverse effects , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/therapy
6.
Int. j. odontostomatol. (Print) ; 12(1): 7-14, Mar. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-893297

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: El objetivo de este trabajo fue escribir, según la literatura científica disponible más actual, los efectos que inducen el uso de dispositivos de avance mandibular, como terapia para el SAHOS, en el sistema temporomandibular de los pacientes. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura más actual (últimos 10 años; 2006-2016) a partir de la búsqueda electrónica en las bases de datos PubMed, TripData Base, Epistemonikos, The Cochrane Library y las revistas especializadas Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine y SLEEP. Con el uso de las palabras clave: "Mandibular advancement device", "orthodonthic appliances", "sleep apnea syndroms", "sleep apnea obstructive", "Temporomandibular joints disorder", los operadores booleanos AND y OR. Se realizó un análisis crítico de la literatura evaluando nivel de evidencia, grado de recomendación y riesgo de sesgo de cada publicación. La búsqueda en las distintas bases de datos arrojó un total de 242 documentos, de los cuales 60 fueron seleccionados por título y abstract. Luego 8 estudios fueron descartados por estar repetidos. Se aplicaron los criterios de inclusión y exclusión quedando un total de 20 artículos; se eliminaron 8 por no responder a la pregunta de investigación y se añadió 1 título mediante la búsqueda manual. Finalmente, se analizaron 13 artículos; 2 revisiones sistemáticas, 2 ensayos clínicos aleatorizados y 6 series de casos. La mayoría de los documentos incluidos concuerda en que los efectos inducidos por los DAM, sobre el complejo temporomandibular son mínimos y reversibles, sin explicitar ningún diagnóstico de TTM en particular. Sin embargo, esta evidencia viene en su mayoría de estudios recomendables, pero no concluyentes. Se necesitan más y mejores estudios para realizar un análisis y abstraer conclusiones más certeras. Estos deben ser homogéneos a la hora de clasificar TTM y definir un protocolo óptimo de avance mandibular.


ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to describe, based on the most recent scientific literature available, the effects produced by the mandibular advance appliances (MAA) as a therapy for obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in the temporomandibular system. We carried out a review of the most current literature published in the last 10 years, based on an electronic search in PubMed, TripData Base, Epistemonikos, The Cochrane Library and the specialized magazines Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine and SLEEP. The key words used for each search were "MANDIBULAR ADVANCEMENT DEVICE", "ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCES", "SLEEP APNEA SYNDROMS", "SLEEP APNEA, OBSTRUCTIVE", and "TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISORDERS" combined with boolean operators AND and OR. A critical analysis of the literature was evaluated based on the level of evidence, degree of recommendation and risk of bias of each publication. We obtained 242 articles and 60 of these were selected by title and abstract. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, obtaining 20 articles of which 8 were excluded because they did not answer the investigation question. One article was obtained by manual search. Of this number, 13 articles, 2 systematic reviews, 2 randomized clinical trial and 6 cases series were analyzed. Most of the articles analyzed agreed that the effects produced by the MAA in the temporomandibular complex are minimal and reversible, and they did not specify any TMD diagnosis in particular. However, this evidence comes mostly from recommended but inconclusive studies. More and better designed studies are needed, with homogeneous classification of TMD diagnostic criteria that allows to define an optimal protocol for mandibular advancement as a therapy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Periodontal Splints/adverse effects , Snoring/therapy , Mandibular Advancement/adverse effects , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/therapy , Temporomandibular Joint Disorders/diagnosis
7.
Rev. Ateneo Argent. Odontol ; 57(2): 19-25, nov. 2017. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-973119

ABSTRACT

El síndrome de apnea-hipoapnea del sueño en niños es una patología de alta prevalencia en la población infantil. Afecta entre el 2-4 por ciento de los niños de edades entre 2 a 6 años. La comorbilidad asociada determina serias consecuencias fisiológicas entre las que se encuentran: alteraciones cardiovasculares, neuroconductuales, neurocognitivas y anomalías en elcrecimiento. Las alteraciones bucocraneofaciales y de la oclusión asociadas a este síndrome son significativas. El rol del odontólogo /odontopediatra/ortodoncista es importante para realizar un diagnóstico y un tratamiento precoz de la oclusión e integrarse al equipo de salud. En este artículo pretendemos participar a los colegas odontólogos, odontopediatras y ortodoncistas deuna visión actualizada de la apnea infantil.


Sleep apnea-hypoapnea syndrome in childrenis a pathology with a high prevalence in children, affecting 2-4% of children aged 2-6 years.The associated comorbidity determines serious physiological consequences among whichthey are: cardiovascular, neuroconductual, neurocognitive alterations and growth anomalies.The bucco-cranial and occlusion alterations associated with this syndrome are significant. Therole of the dentist-odontopediatrician-orthodontistis important to perform a diagnosis and early treatment of the occlusion and integrate to the health team.In this article, we intend to involve our dental colleagues, odontopediatricians and orthodontists with anup-to-date view of childhood apnea.


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Child , Sleep Apnea Syndromes/diagnosis , Sleep Apnea Syndromes/therapy , Respiration , Patient Care Team , Patient Care Planning , Sleep Apnea Syndromes/etiology , Snoring/etiology , Snoring/therapy , Continuous Positive Airway Pressure/methods , Activator Appliances , Occlusal Splints , Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences/methods
10.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-726170

ABSTRACT

La Roncopatía Primaria constituye un trastorno respiratorio del sueño caracterizado por la ausencia de apneas, desaturaciones y microdespertares. Afecta a más del 50% de la población adulta, traduciendo una obstrucción parcial de la vía aérea superior. Hasta hace poco, fue considerada por el mundo médico como una manifestación benigna sin un trasfondo patológico significativo, sin embargo, hoy sabemos que constituye una entidad patológica en sí misma y determina importantes repercusiones nocivas a nivel de funciones neurocognitivas, metabólicas y cardiovasculares. Si bien la polisomnografía persiste considerándose el gold standard en su estudio, nuevas líneas tales como análisis acústicos del ronquido presentan una relevancia creciente. En un futuro próximo, el estudio etiológico y de los mecanismos histopatológicos y bioquímicos que determinan las repercusiones clínicas de la roncopatía, aportará nuevas herramientas que contribuirán al desarrollo de una hoy necesaria nueva concepción de los trastornos obstructivos del sueño.


The primary snoring is a respiratory disorder of the sleep characterized by the absence of apnea, desaturation and arousals. It affects more than 50% of the adult population, exposing a partial obstruction of the upper airway. Until recently, it was considered by the medical world as a benign manifestation without significant pathological background, however, we now know that it is a disease entity in itself and determines important deleterious impact at neurocognitive, metabolic and cardiovascular levels. Although polysomnography still remains being the gold standard in its study, new lines such as acoustic analysis of snoring have an increasing relevance. In the near future, the study of the etiological, histopathological and biochemical mechanisms that determine the clinical implications of snoring, will provide new tools that will contribute to the development of a new conception of obstructive sleeping disorders.


Subject(s)
Humans , Snoring/diagnosis , Snoring/physiopathology , Snoring/therapy , Snoring/epidemiology
11.
Actas odontol ; 10(1): 47-54, jul. 2013.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BNUY | ID: lil-727888

ABSTRACT

Los trastornos del sueño son una patología muy frecuente tanto aislada, o asociada a otros trastornos. Se caracteriza clínicamente poruna perturbación del patrón respiratorio del sueño, incluyendo a las Apneas Obstructivas, las Hipoapneas y a los esfuerzos respiratorios asociados a microdespertares. Los factores de riesgo, los mecanismos fisiopatológicos implicados y sus alternativas terapéuticas clásicas incluyen varias disciplinas con el fin de ser diagnosticada precozmente y tratada oportunamente.Los dispositivos de avance mandibular (DAM) modifican las vías aéreas superiores para reducir los casos de ronquido como así también los casos leves y moderados de SAHS. (Síndrome de Apnea-Hipoapnea del Sueño). Permiten un avance milimétrico regulable de la mandíbula, además de movimientos de apertura, cierre y lateralidad. Por otra parte la fonoaudiología representa una nueva alternativa en el tratamiento de los pacientes con síndrome de Apneas obstructivas del sueño a partir de la terapia miofuncional oral.


Sleep disorders are a common pathology somewhat isolated or associated with other disorders. It is characterized clinically by a disturbance of sleep breathing pattern, including the Obstructive apneas, hypopneas and the Respiratory efforts associated with arousals. Risk factors, pathophysiological mechanisms and therapeutic alternatives include several classical disciplines in order to be diagnosed early and treated promptly.Mandibular advancement devices (MAD) modify the upper airway to reduce snoring cases as mild and moderate cases of OSA. They have a well-controlled forward movement millimeter opening, closing and laterality. Besides speech therapy represents a new alternativein the treatment of patients with syndrome of obstructive sleep apnea from Miofuctional oral therapy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/therapy , Snoring/therapy , Mandibular Advancement/instrumentation , Myofunctional Therapy
12.
Dental press j. orthod. (Impr.) ; 18(3): 118-123, May-June 2013. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-690007

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to determine the short-term efficacy of treatment for snoring and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) using a mandibular advancement splint. METHODS: The sample comprised 20 patients (13 men and 7 women; mean age = 48 years; mean body mass index = 27.07) with OSAHS. Polysomnograms were performed before and 60 days after mandibular advancement splint therapy. RESULTS: There was a significant reduction in the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) following treatment (mean pretreatment AHI = 20.89 ± 17.9 versus mean posttreatment AHI = 4.43 ± 3.09) (p < 0.05). The snoring reduced and the sleep efficiency improved, as registered by polysomnograms (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The sleep quality improved in patients using mandibular advancement splint. Further studies evaluating long-term effects are needed.


OBJETIVO: verificar a eficácia e aceitação do tratamento de ronco e da SAHOS por meio de aparelho intrabucal. MÉTODOS: a amostra foi composta de 20 pacientes de ambos os sexos (13 homens e 7 mulheres) que apresentavam SAHOS, com média de idade de 48 anos, e índice de massa corporal (IMC) médio de 27,07. Foram realizadas polissonografias pré- e pós-tratamento (60 dias) em todos os pacientes, e os sinais e sintomas foram analisados por meio de exame clínico após o uso de splint. RESULTADOS: houve uma redução significativa do índice de apneia e hipopneia (IAH = 20,89 ± 17,9/hora) registrado no pré-tratamento, em comparação ao registrado durante o uso do aparelho intrabucal (IAH = 4,43 ± 3,09/hora). A roncopatia, a eficiência do sono e o índice de saturação de oxigênio também mostraram melhoras e, consequentemente, a sonolência diurna, o cansaço e a irritabilidade diminuíram. CONCLUSÕES: apesar de algum desconforto relatado, houve boa aceitabilidade do aparelho por 60% dos pacientes, havendo melhora na qualidade do sono. Torna-se necessário um acompanhamento em médio e em longo prazo desses pacientes, com vistas ao ronco, à apneia do sono e aos efeitos colaterais decorrentes dessa modalidade de tratamento.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Mandibular Advancement/instrumentation , Occlusal Splints , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/therapy , Polysomnography , Snoring/therapy , Time Factors
13.
Ortodontia ; 46(3): 255-258, maio-jun. 2013. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-714191

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste artigo foi avaliar a confiabilidade da Escala de Sonolência de Epworth (ESE) em pacientes que apresentam ronco e Síndrome da Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono (SAOS) durante o tratamento com aparelho intraoral. Foram avaliados dez pacientes (70% do sexo masculino e 30% do sexo feminino) que passaram por exames polissonográficos e responderam o questionário de ESE. Após a análise dos resultados, verificou-se que esse é um bom método para avaliação do ronco e da SAOS. Os resultados obtidos pela ESE diminuíram em média 5,2 e os valores de IAH médio reduziram de oito para quatro. Concluiu se que esse é um bom método auxiliar de diagnóstico, podendo ser utilizado como complemento da polissonografia.


The aim of this article is to evaluate the confiability of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) in patients with snore and Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) during treatment with intraoral appliances. Ten patients were evaluated (70% males and 30% females) after taking polysonnographies and ESS. After analyzing the results it was verified that this method is suitable to assess snore and apnea. The results obtained by the ESS reduced 5,2 and the IAH average reduced from eight to four. The authors concluded that the questionary is a valid auxiliary method for the diagnosis of OSA, which can be used as a complement of the polysonnography.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Orthodontic Appliances , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/diagnosis , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/therapy , Polysomnography , Surveys and Questionnaires , Respiratory Sounds , Snoring/therapy , Sleep Stages
14.
Rev. bras. odontol ; 69(2): 186-189, Jul.-Dez. 2012. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-720337

ABSTRACT

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi a avaliação do tempo de sono, prevalência de roncopatia e sonolência diurna excessiva em adultos seguidos em consulta odontológica. A prevalência de sonolência subjetiva e de roncopatia foi de 24,5% e 49,1%, respectivamente, com 56,6% de pacientes apresentando excesso de peso (> 24,9 Kg/m2). A queixa de sonolência foi mais frequente nos grupos dos roncadores (30,8%) e de pacientes com peso excessivo (26,6%) do que nos grupos dos não roncadores (18,5%) e sem peso excessivo (21,7%). A prevalência de roncopatia foi de 35,9% nos pacientes com excesso de peso e de 13,2% naqueles sem excesso de peso. Conclui- -se que na população estudada existe uma elevada prevalência de problemas associados ao sono não avaliados anteriormente.


The purpose of this investigation was to study the sleep duration and prevalence of snoring and excessive daytime sleepiness of adults followed in a dental consultation. The prevalence of subjective sleepiness and snoring was 24,5% and 49,1%, respectively with 56,6% of patients presenting with excessive weight (BMI>24,9 Kg/m2). Sleepiness was more frequent within the groups of snorers (30,8%) and of patients with excessive weight (26,6%) than the group of non-snorers (18,5%) and without excessive weight (21,7%). The prevalence of snoring was 35,9% in patients with excessive weight and 13,2% in those without excessive weight. We concluded that in this population there is a high prevalence of sleep- -related problems without previous evaluation.


Subject(s)
Sleep , Sleep Deprivation , Snoring , Snoring/therapy , Disorders of Excessive Somnolence
15.
São Paulo; s.n; 2011. [81] p. ilus, tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-609383

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: O ronco acomete grande parte da população e o seu tratamento é um desafio, pois existem muitas opções terapêuticas e esta escolha deve ser individualizada. Entre vários procedimentos palatais para tratamento do ronco e da apneia do sono, a injeção roncoplástica (IR) surgiu como uma alternativa econômica para alguns casos selecionados. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar os resultados da IR no tratamento do ronco, comparando o oleato de etanolamina 5% e o etanol 50%. Além disso, descrever uma metodologia de aplicação própria e analisar seus resultados clínicos, complicações, medidas palatais por ressonância magnética (RM) e parâmetros polissonográficos. MÉTODOS: estudo clínico, duplo cego e randomizado, realizado de 2007 a 2010. Foram incluídos adultos roncadores com índice de apneia-hipopneia (IAH) <15. Critérios de exclusão: cirurgia palatal pregressa, IMC>35, obstrução nasal ou faríngea > 50% da via aérea, deformidade crânio-facial, gestação, ausência de acompanhante de quarto, alergia ou comorbidade grave. Sessões ambulatoriais de IR foram realizadas no palato mole (três pontos), máximo de três sessões, com quatro semanas de intervalo mínimo. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: um recebeu oleato de etanolamina 5% (A) e o outro, etanol 50%(B). A intensidade do ronco foi aferida por escala visual-analógica de 10cm (EVA). Foram analisados outros parâmetros clínicos, como sonolência e dor, além de RM e polissonografias. RESULTADOS: Dos 22 pacientes incluídos neste estudo (A=9 / B=13), 19 (86,4%) apresentaram diminuição importante ou desaparecimento do ronco. A intensidade de ronco (EVA) decresceu nos dois grupos: de 8,0 para 3,0 no Grupo A (p=0,007) e de 8,0 para 3,0 no Grupo B (p=0,001). A escala de sonolência de Epworth diminui de 8,0 para 6,0 no Grupo A (p=0,05) e de 11,0 para 5,0 no Grupo B (p=0,005). A dor durante o procedimento, aferida em EVA, foi de 4,0 nos dois Grupos. Nos dias subseqüentes, a dor foi de 3,5 no Grupo A e 2,0 no Grupo B, sem...


BACKGROUND: Snoring affects a significant portion of the population and the treatment is a challenge, because there are many options and the choice should be individualized. Among various palatal procedures for the treatment of snoring and sleep apnea, the injection snoreplasty (IS) has emerged as an economic alternative for selected cases. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate IS in the snoring treatment, comparing 5% ethanolamine oleate and 50% ethanol. Also, to describe a distinct method of injection and analyze its clinical results, complications, palatal measures by resonance imaging (MRI), and polysomnographic parameters. METHODS: Clinical, double-blind, randomized trial conducted from 2007 to 2010. Adult snorers with apneahypopnea index (AHI) <15 were included. Exclusion criteria: previous palatal surgery, BMI> 35, pharyngeal or nasal obstruction> 50% of the airway, craniofacial deformity, pregnancy, lack of room partner, allergy or severe comorbidity. IS outpatient sessions were held in the soft palate (three points), maximum of three sessions, with at least four weeks apart. Patients were randomized into two groups: 5% ethanolamine oleate (A) or 50% ethanol (B). The intensity of snoring was measured by visual-analogue scale of 10 cm (VAS). Other clinical parameters were analyzed, such as sleepiness and pain, as well as MRI and polysomnography. RESULTS: Of 22 patients enrolled in this study (A = 9 / B = 13), 19 (86.4%) showed significant reduction or disappearance of snoring. The snoring loudness (VAS) decreased in both groups: 8.0 to 3.0 in Group A (p=0.007) and 8.0 to 3.0 in Group B (p=0.001). The Epworth Sleepiness Scale decreased from 8.0 to 6.0 in Group A (p=0.05) and from 11.0 to 5.0 in Group B (p=0.005). The pain during the procedure, measured by VAS, was 4.0 in both Groups. On subsequent days, the pain was 3.5 in Group A and 2.0 in Group B, with no difference between groups. In the overall sample, the mean time to return to regular nourishing was 2.0 days...


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Ethanol , Ethanolamine , Injections , Snoring/therapy , Sclerotherapy , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive
16.
RGO (Porto Alegre) ; 58(4): 515-520, dez. 2010. ilus, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-588567

ABSTRACT

O ronco e a apneia do sono vêm despertando a atenção da área da saúde graças às inúmeras comorbidades associadas, além de problemas sociais, comportamentais e socioeconômicos. Cada vez mais, esta área da odontologia vem necessitando de cirurgiões-dentistas capacitados e que se adéquem as necessidades da odontologia do sono para o correto manejo, compreensão e tratamento destas doenças. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar um novo dispositivo intraoral simples e altamente eficiente para o tratamento do ronco e da apneia obstrutiva do sono e suas variações (hipopneia e a síndrome da resistência das vias aéreas superiores), além de um protocolo seguro para o seu manejo. Este aparelho apresenta algumas vantagens sobre seus antecessores, sendo confortável para os pacientes e simples de instalar e operar pelos profissionais, com sistema de avanço fácil e mensurável além de ter um protocolo objetivo e claro, sem por em risco o paciente e deixando os dentistas seguros para trabalhar com a Odontologia do Sono.


Snoring and sleep apnea have been drawing interest from the health sector due to numerous associated comorbidities, as well as to the social, behavioral and economic problems they cause. This new area in dentistry increasingly demands dental surgeons to be skilled in sleep dentistry so that they can handle, understand and treat these diseases correctly. The objective of this article is to present a new, simple and highly efficient intraoral device for treating snoring and obstructive sleep apnea and its variations (hypopnea and upper airway resistance syndrome), and a protocol for handling it properly. This device has some advantages over its predecessors: it is comfortable for the patient, easy to assemble and handle by professionals and has an easy and measurable advance system. It also has a clear and objective protocol that does not put the patient at risk, allowing dental surgeons to treat these conditions confidently.


Subject(s)
Humans , Orthodontic Appliances , Snoring/therapy , Sleep Apnea Syndromes/therapy
17.
RBM rev. bras. med ; 67(supl.7)set. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-564316

ABSTRACT

A síndrome da apneia-hipopneia obstrutiva do sono (SAHOS) é considerada uma doença evolutiva e com alta taxa de morbimortalidade. O uso dos aparelhos intraorais (AIO) tem importante papel no tratamento da SAHOS, especialmente nos casos leves e moderados. O presente artigo faz uma revisão das causas da SAHOS, seu diagnóstico e opções terapêuticas, segundo diretrizes baseadas em evidências atualizadas. Embora os AIOs ainda apresentem resultados inferiores em relação aos aparelhos com continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), costumam ser melhor tolerados pelos pacientes, uma vez que são menores e esteticamente mais aceitáveis. Os AIOs, especialmente os de avanço mandibular, são alternativas de tratamento para a SAHOS leve e moderada.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/etiology , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/therapy , Obesity/complications , Polysomnography , Snoring/epidemiology , Snoring/etiology , Snoring/therapy
18.
J. bras. pneumol ; 36(supl.2): 17-18, jun. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-560644

ABSTRACT

O ronco é um problema importante com consequentes manifestações sociais e médicas. O passo inicial consiste em confirmar a presença do ronco e excluir qualquer doença respiratória noturna para que o tratamento adequado seja instituído. Este capítulo analisa o gerenciamento atual do ronco e seu tratamento.


Snoring is a significant problem with social and medical manifestations. After snoring has been confirmed, other nocturnal respiratory diseases should be excluded so that the appropriate treatment can be instituted. This chapter addresses the current management of snoring and its treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Snoring/diagnosis , Snoring/therapy
19.
J. bras. pneumol ; 36(supl.2): 57-61, jun. 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-560652

ABSTRACT

Em crianças, SAOS é caracterizada por episódios recorrentes de obstrução parcial ou completa das vias aéreas superiores durante o sono. Caracteriza-se por um continuum que vai desde o ronco primário (uma situação benigna de ronco sem alterações fisiológicas e complicações associadas), passando por resistência aumentada das vias aéreas, hipoventilação obstrutiva e, finalmente, SAOS. A prevalência de ronco é elevada e, dependendo da forma como ele é definido, varia entre 1,5 por cento e 15 por cento. O diagnóstico da SAOS, combinando questionários de relatos dos pais e exames complementares, apresenta uma prevalência de 1-4 por cento. A SAOS é mais frequente nos meninos, nas crianças com sobrepeso, de ascendência africana, com história de atopia e prematuridade. Ronco alto e frequente, apneias observadas pelos familiares e sono agitado são os sintomas mais frequentes. O exame físico deve identificar a situação ponderostatural do paciente, avaliar evidências de obstrução crônica das vias aéreas superiores e ainda verificar a presença de alterações craniofaciais. A polissonografia de noite inteira é o exame padrão tanto para o diagnóstico, como para a definição da pressão necessária em equipamentos de pressão positiva e também para a avaliação do tratamento cirúrgico. A hipóxia intermitente e os múltiplos despertares resultantes dos eventos obstrutivos contribuem para as consequências cardiovasculares, neurocognitivas e comportamentais bem descritos nesses pacientes. A adenoamigdalectomia é o principal tratamento para a SAOS em crianças. O uso da pressão positiva nas vias aéreas (CPAP ou Bilevel) é outra opção de uso crescente na população pediátrica.


Childhood obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is characterized by recurrent episodes of partial or complete upper airway obstruction during sleep. The disease encompasses a continuum from primary snoring (a benign condition without physiological alterations or associated complications) to increased upper airway resistance, obstructive hypoventilation and OSAS. The prevalence of snoring is high, ranging from 1.5 percent to 15 percent, depending on how it is defined. Based on parent-reported questionnaires and complementary tests, the prevalence of OSAS is 1-4 percent. This syndrome is more common in boys, overweight children, of African ancestry, with a history of atopy and prematurity. The most common symptoms are snoring that is frequent and loud; family-reported apnea; and restless sleep. The physical examination should assess growth status, signs of chronic upper airway obstruction, and craniofacial malformations. Overnight polysomnography is the gold standard test for the diagnosis and for the determination of the appropriate positive pressure level, as well as for postsurgical treatment evaluation. Intermittent hypoxia and multiple arousals resulting from obstructive events contribute to the well-described cardiovascular, neurocognitive, and behavioral consequences in pediatric patients with OSAS. Although the main treatment for OSAS in children is adenotonsillectomy, treatment with CPAP or Bilevel is becoming more widely used in the pediatric population.


Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/epidemiology , Snoring/epidemiology , Polysomnography , Prevalence , Sex Factors , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/complications , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/diagnosis , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/therapy , Snoring/etiology , Snoring/therapy
20.
Dental press j. orthod. (Impr.) ; 15(1): 107-117, jan.-fev. 2010. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-552068

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: este trabalho de pesquisa teve o intuito de realizar uma avaliação clínica e polissonográfica do efeito de um aparelho intraoral (AIO) para tratamento da Síndrome da Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono (SAOS), desenvolvido e testado por duas universidades federais brasileiras. MÉTODOS: a amostra constou de 50 pacientes (idades entre 18 e 65 anos, sendo 33 homens e 17 mulheres) com diagnóstico polissonográfico inicial de SAOS de grau leve e moderado. Todos os pacientes submeteram-se a uma nova avaliação polissonográfica de noite inteira (em uso do AIO) aproximadamente 6 meses após a primeira avaliação. Baseado na diminuição dos eventos respiratórios obstrutivos, obtida com o uso do AIO, os pacientes foram então divididos em bons respondedores (redução de 50 por cento ou mais no índice de apneia e hipopneia (IAH), permanecendo abaixo de 10 eventos/hora) e maus respondedores (IAH permanecendo maior ou igual a 10 eventos/hora). RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÕES: em 54 por cento da amostra o IAH diminuiu para menos de cinco eventos/hora com o uso do AIO; em 38 por cento a redução do IAH foi maior do que 50 por cento, mas permaneceu acima de cinco eventos/hora; e em 6 por cento da amostra o IAH reduziu menos que 50 por cento. Os bons respondedores corresponderam a 86 por cento da amostra estudada, enquanto os maus respondedores a 14 por cento. Houve melhora significativa na escala de sonolência, no IAH, nos microdespertares e na saturação mínima de oxihemoglobina com a terapia utilizada. O Índice de Massa Corpórea elevado parece interferir desfavoravelmente no desempenho do aparelho em estudo.


OBJECTIVES: The current investigation aimed to carry out a clinical and polysomnographic assessment of treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) with an oral appliance (OA) developed and tested by two Brazilian federal universities. METHODOLOGY: The sample was composed of 50 patients (aged between 18 and 65 years, 33 men and 17 women) with initial polysomnographic diagnosis of light to moderate OSAS. All patients underwent a second, full-night polysomnography with the use of the OA approximately 6 months after the first assessment. Based on the reduction of respiratory events obtained with the OA, patients were distributed in good responders (Apnea and Hypopnea Index/AHI under 10 and with reduction of at least 50 percent in relation to baseline); and poor responders (AHI of 10 or over with OA). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In 54 percent of the sample, AIH reduced to less than five events/hour with OA; in 38 percent the AHI reduction was more than 50 percent in relation to baseline (but more than five); and in 6 percent of the sample, the AHI reduced less than 50 percent. Good responders corresponded to 86 percent of the studied sample, while poor responders to 14 percent. We noticed significant improvement in somnolence, in AIH, in microarousals and also in minimum oxygen saturation with the treatment. Increased body mass index (BMI) seemed to interfere unfavorably in the performance of the OA studied.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Respiratory Protective Devices , Polysomnography , Snoring/therapy , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive
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