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1.
Rev. cuba. anestesiol. reanim ; 19(1): e539, ene.-abr. 2020. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1093131

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La esferocitosis hereditaria (ESH) es una anemia hemolítica de observación frecuente, en la cual existen defectos cualitativos o cuantitativos de algunas proteínas de la membrana eritrocitaria que llevan a la formación de hematíes de forma esférica, osmóticamente frágiles, que son atrapados de formas selectiva y destruidos en el bazo, con incidencia variable y más frecuente en pacientes con descendencia europea. Objetivo: Describir la conducta clínica y anestesiológica de un paciente pediátrico con diagnóstico de micro esferocitosis hereditaria programado de forma electiva para procedimiento quirúrgico. Desarrollo: Se presenta un caso clínico de un paciente escolar con diagnóstico de micro esferocitosis hereditaria al cual se le realizó esplenectomía total electiva convencional. Con principal signo dolor a la palpación en hipocondrio izquierdo. Se condujo con anestesia total intravenosa con buenos resultados clínicos quirúrgicos, utilizando propofol a razón de 3 mcg/mL y ketamina a 0,2 mg/mL. La estrategia estuvo basada en cinco aspectos claves: evitar la hipoxia, la hipotermia, la acidosis, reducir la pérdida de sangre, así como un correcto control del dolor postoperatorio. Asociado a lo anterior es indispensable una estrecha vigilancia ya que estos pacientes pueden manifestar crisis hemolítica y aplásica. Conclusiones: El manejo perioperatorio del paciente con esferocitosis hereditaria depende de la severidad del cuadro clínico, de la anemia y su repercusión y del grado de hemólisis. La anestesia total intravenosa es una técnica segura para el tratamiento de pacientes con esferocitosis hereditaria(AU)


Introduction: Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is a hemolytic anemia of frequent occurrence, in which there are qualitative or quantitative defects of some erythrocyte membrane proteins that lead to the formation of sphere-shaped red blood cells, which are osmotically fragile, and that are selectively trapped and destroyed in the spleen, with variable and more frequent incidence in patients with European descent. Objective: To describe the clinical and anesthesiological behavior of a pediatric patient with a diagnosis of hereditary microspherocytosis electively programmed for a surgical procedure. Development: A clinical case of a school-age patient with a diagnosis of hereditary microspherocytosis was presented. The patient underwent conventional elective total splenectomy. Pain was as the main sign on palpation to the left hypochondrium. The case was conducted with total intravenous anesthesia, with good surgical clinical results, using propofol at a rate of 3 mcg/mL and ketamine at 0.2 mg/mL. The strategy was based on five key aspects: avoid hypoxia, hypothermia, acidosis, reduce blood loss, as well as proper control of postoperative pain. Associated with the above-mentioned, close monitoring is essential, as these patients may manifest hemolytic and aplastic crisis. Conclusions: The perioperative management of the patient with hereditary spherocytosis depends on the severity of the clinical status, the anemia and its repercussion, and the degree of hemolysis. Total intravenous anesthesia is a safe technique for the treatment of patients with hereditary spherocytosis(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/surgery , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/diagnosis , Splenectomy/methods , Anesthesia, Intravenous/methods
2.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 81(4): 319-325, ago. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-577511

ABSTRACT

Microespherocitosis is the most common hereditary anemia. Clinically it is characterized for hemolytic anemia, with jaundice and transfusion requirements, symptoms can be more intense in newborn period. With the purpose of review this disease, we studied the patients of the pediatric hematology policlinic in Roberto del Río Hospital, controlled between 1990 to 2005, we check the patient's records and registered the clinic and family background evaluating through the Eber's severity classification the indication of splenectomy in each case. We registered 44 patients. The 68.2 percent) had family background. The 11.3 percent presented symptoms during the newborn period, in which 91.2 percent had jaundice. The 38.6 percent> needed at least one transfusion after the newborn period. The Eber's severity classification was different according to the variable evaluated, which made its application difficult. Only one of the nine splenectomized patient had this indication. From the year 2000, the inquiry of the disease as well as the correct indication of splenectomy has improved. This coincides with the appearance of the Eber's publication about this disease. Conclusion: Microespherocitosis usually appears in the newborn period as jaundice and most patients have familial antecedents. Eber's severity classification and molecular study allows a rational splenectomy indication and predicts the disease evolution.


La microesferocitosis es la anemia hemolítica más frecuente en pediatría. Se caracteriza por asociarse a ictericia y requerir transfusiones, y la sintomatología puede ser más acentuada en período de recién nacido. Objetivo: Caracterizar la Microesferocitosis en una población pediátrica de un Hospital público de Santiago, Chile. Pacientes y Método: Revisión retrospectiva de los casos de Microesferocitosis atendidos en el Policlínico de Hematología Infantil del Hospital Roberto del Río, durante el período 1990-2005. Se registraron los antecedentes clínicos y familiares, la severidad mediante la clasificación de Eber, y la indicación de esplenectomía. Resultados: Se registraron 44 pacientes. El 68,2 por ciento> tenían antecedentes familiares. El 11,3 por ciento presentó síntomas durante el período neonatal de los cuales el 91,2 por ciento correspondió a ictericia. El 38,6 por ciento> requirió de al menos una transfusión después del período neonatal. La clasificación de severidad de Eber fue distinta según la variable a evaluar lo que dificultó su aplicación. Sin embargo, sólo 1 de los 9 esplenectomizados tenían esta indicación. Desde el año 2000 mejoró tanto la pesquisa de esta enfermedad como la correcta indicación de esplenectomía en cada caso lo que coincide con la publicación de Eber sobre este tema. Conclusión: La microesferocitosis se manifiesta habitualmente en el período perinatal y la mayoría tiene antecedentes familiares. La clasificación de severidad y el estudio molecular permiten racionalizar la indicación de esplenectomía y predecir la evolución.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/surgery , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/pathology , Blood Transfusion , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/therapy , Jaundice/etiology , Retrospective Studies , Severity of Illness Index , Splenectomy
3.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-349579

ABSTRACT

Splenectomy is the best available treatment for severe forms of hereditary spherocytosis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, and other hematologic conditions when these prove refractory to conservative management. It has been employed for many decades with low mortality and favorable remission rates. The use of laparoscopic splenectomy in recent years has been rapidly and even enthusiastically adopted in this field. However, the exact role of laparoscopic versus open surgery for hematologic diseases is still debated. In this study of 58 adult patients, laparoscopic procedures were compared with conventional splenectomies for similar indications. METHODS: All patients were operated on within an 8-year period. Subjects underwent similar procedures under the supervision of the same surgical school and were compared regarding age, gender, body mass index, and diagnosis. Laparoscopically managed cases (Group I, n = 30) were prospectively followed according to a written protocol, whereas the same investigation was retrospectively done with regard to traditional laparotomy (Group II, n = 28). Methods included general and demographic findings, duration and technical steps of operation, blood loss, weight of spleen, need for conversion (in minimally invasive subjects), intraoperative and postoperative complications, time until realimentation, postoperative hospitalization, mortality, and late follow-up including recurrence rate. RESULTS: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura was the surgical indication in over 50 percent of the patients in both groups, but familial spherocytosis, thalassemia, myelodysplasia, and lymphomas were also represented in this series. Laparoscopic procedures took more time to perform (P = 0.004), and postoperative hospitalization was 2 days shorter, but this difference was not statistically significant. Postoperative hematocrit and volume of blood transfusions was equivalent, although the laparoscopic cases had a somewhat lower preoperative hematocrit (NS) and displayed better recovery for this measurement (P = 0.03). More patients in Group I were able to accept oral food on the first day than subjects undergoing conventional operations (P < 0.05). Relatively few conversions were necessary during the minimally invasive surgeries (13.3 percent), and postoperative early and late complications as well as recurrences occurred in similar proportions. Also, the mean weight of the spleen was not statistically different between the groups,...


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Male , Female , Hematologic Diseases/surgery , Laparoscopy/standards , Splenectomy/standards , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures , Patient Selection , Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/surgery
4.
Rev. invest. clín ; 52(3): 229-33, mayo-jun. 2000. tab, CD-ROM
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-292126

ABSTRACT

Objetivos. Evaluar la respuesta hematológica y clínica a la esplenectomía parcial en un grupo de niños con esferocitosis hereditaria. Material y métodos. Se analizaron los principales hallazgos hematológicos y clínicos de 13 pacientes con esferocitosis hereditaria a los cuales se les realizó esplenectomía parcial. El diagnóstico de la enfermedad y los estudios hematológicos se efectuaron por las técnicas habituales. Para precisar el patrón de herencia se hizo también el estudio a los padres. La resección del bazo se realizó extirpando los dos tercios superiores del órgano, dejando el polo inferior intacto. A todos los pacientes se le administró fenoximetilpenicilina profiláctica a dosis de 250 mg dos veces al día por tres años. Resultados. El diagnóstico de la enfermedad se realizó en el primer año de vida en 11 casos. El 76.9 por ciento de los niños comenzó con ictericia neonatal. El 53.8 por ciento presentaron hepatomegalia y el 69.2 por ciento esplenomegalia. El 84.6 por ciento tuvieron requerimientos transfusionales. Las cifras de hemoglobina aumentaron significativamente y los reticulocitos disminuyeron después de la esplenectomía. Ningún paciente ha tenido crisis hemolíticas, requerimientos transfusionales ni infecciones después de la intervención quirúrgica. Conclusión. Aunque el número de pacientes es pequeño y el tiempo de evolución es corto, la recuperación hematológica observada en nuestros casos sugiere que la esplenectomía parcial es un proceder quirúrgico beneficioso para el tratamiento de la esferocitosis hereditaria típica o severa.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/surgery , Splenectomy , Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital/therapy , Jaundice, Neonatal/etiology
5.
Rev. argent. cir ; 65(5): 188-91, nov.1993.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-127506

ABSTRACT

Se hace una breve reseña sobre los alcances de la cirugía laparoscópica y se comenta la observación de una paciente portadora de una esferocitosis a la cual se le practicó una colecistectomía y esplenectomía simultáneas con ese procedimiento y que presentó una seria complicación postoperatoria por la que debió ser reoperada pero que finalmente evolucionó bien


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Cholecystectomy , Laparoscopy , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/surgery , Cholecystectomy/adverse effects , Laparoscopy/adverse effects , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/complications , Splenectomy , Splenectomy/instrumentation
6.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Fac. Med. Univ. Säo Paulo ; 47(2): 95-8, mar.-abr. 1992. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-120810

ABSTRACT

Tres anos apos esplenectomia total indicada para tratamento de uma paciente portadora de anemia esferocitica se instalou quadro compativel com recidiva intensa de anemia. A investigacao clinica revelou presenca de dois bacos acessorios com 3,5 e 4 cm de diametro localizados ao ultra-som e ao mapeamento com tecnecio. Com estes achados indicou-se laparotomia que confirmou presenca dos bacos acessorios e a remocao destes normalizou quadro hematologico. O desenvolvimento esplenico, a partir da quinta semana de vida intra-uterina ao nivel do mesogastrio dorsal, com a formacao do baco embrionario multilobulado justifica a possibilidade da presenca de bacos acessorios, se nao ocorrer processo de coalescencia total dos lobulos esplenicos primitivos. Estes fatos alertam e orientam a conduta intra-operatoria que o cirurgiao deve buscar quando da realizacao de esplenectomia para o tratamento da doenca hemolitica, se recidivas decorrentes do funcionamento de bacos acessorios queiram ser evitadas.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Female , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/complications , Recurrence , Splenectomy/adverse effects , Spleen/pathology , Blood Transfusion , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/surgery
7.
Yonsei Medical Journal ; : 234-242, 1987.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-50658

ABSTRACT

Microspherocytosis is known as a hallmark of hereditary spherocytosis (HS) which is one of the most common hemolytic anemias with a prevalence of one per 5000, and is inherited as Mendelian dominant. In this disorder, the patient's red cells become spheroidal, osmotically less resistant in the peripheral circulation, and are selectively trapped in the spleen, but survive normally after splenectomy. The exact mechanism for the formation of microspherocytosis has not been elucidated, although extensive investigations demonstrate that HS red cells are intrinsiclly defective and the patient's spleen does "condition" the metabolically abnormal red cells. The authors report here, one case of severe microspherocytosis in which changes in facial bone structure and transfusion dependency are noted, and an early splenectomy is indicated.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Male , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/surgery , Splenectomy
8.
J Indian Med Assoc ; 1966 Jun; 46(11): 616-8
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-96319
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