Diagnóstico de divertículo traqueal por broncoscopia / Diagnosis of tracheal diverticulum by bronchoscopy

Introducción: Las anomalías congénitas de la tráquea son un grupo heterogéneo de alteraciones que se producen durante el desarrollo y crecimiento del sistema respiratorio y guarda relación con el período embrionario. En esta etapa del desarrollo, pueden presentarse malformaciones que son incompatibles con la vida. Objetivo: Presentar un caso de divertículo traqueal. Presentación del caso: Se presenta el caso de una paciente oncológica diagnosticada de un divertículo traqueal, también conocido como traqueocele. El diagnóstico se obtuvo de manera incidental, cuando a la paciente, en estudios de control por cáncer de mama, se le indicó una radiografía de tórax posteroanterior y se evidenció una lesión nodular en el vértice del pulmón derecho. Se le realizó broncoscopia y se diagnosticó divertículo traqueal. Conclusiones: El divertículo traqueal es una entidad infrecuente que puede cursar de manera asintomática. Su diagnóstico se puede realizar por tomografía axial computarizada o broncoscopia(AU)

Introduction: Congenital anomalies of the trachea are a heterogeneous group of alterations that occur during the development and growth of the respiratory system and they are related to the embryonic period. At this stage of development, malformations, which are incompatible with life, may occur. Objective: To report a case of tracheal diverticulum. Case report: The case of an oncological patient diagnosed with a tracheal diverticulum, also known as a tracheocele, is reported here. The diagnosis was made incidentally. When the patient, in control studies for breast cancer, received a postero-anterior chest X-ray and a nodular lesion was evidenced in the apex of her right lung. She underwent a bronchoscopy and a tracheal diverticulum was diagnosed. Conclusions: Tracheal diverticulum is a rare entity that can occur asymptomatically. Its diagnosis can be made by computerized axial tomography or bronchoscopy(AU)

Paratracheal cyst rupture: a differential diagnosis for tracheal rupture / Ruptura de cisto paratraqueal: um diagnóstico diferencial para ruptura traqueal

Abstract Tracheobronchial rupture is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication commonly caused by neck and chest trauma. Iatrogenic tracheobronchial rupture can be caused by intubation, tracheostomy, bronchoscopy but also linked to pre-existing primary diseases. Paratracheal air cysts, infrequently described in literature, seem to be associated with obstructive lung disease and weaknesses in right posterior lateral wall of the trachea. We report a case of a paratracheal air cyst rupture in a previous healthy patient.

Resumo A ruptura traqueobrônquica (RTB) é uma complicação rara, mas potencialmente fatal, comumente causada por trauma de pescoço e tórax. A RTB iatrogênica pode ser causada por intubação, traqueostomia, broncoscopia, mas também pode estar relacionada a doenças primárias preexistentes. Os cistos aéreos paratraqueais, raramente descritos na literatura, parecem estar associados à doença pulmonar obstrutiva e fraqueza da parede posterolateral direita da traqueia. Relatamos o caso de uma ruptura de cisto aéreo paratraqueal em paciente previamente saudável.

Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica / Traqueobroncopatia osteocondroplástica

ABSTRACT Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica is a rare benign disease, of unknown cause, characterized by numerous sessile, cartilaginous, or bony submucosal nodules distributed throughout the anterolateral walls, projecting into the laryngotracheobronchial lumen. In general, tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica is diagnosed incidentally during bronchoscopy or autopsy and is not associated with a specific disease. We report the case of a male patient who was diagnosed with tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica via bronchoscopy and biopsy.

RESUMO A traqueobroncopatia osteocondroplástica é uma doença benigna rara, de causa desconhecida, caracterizada por numerosos nódulos submucosos sésseis, cartilaginosos e/ou ósseos, distribuídos pelas paredes anterolaterais da traqueia, projetando-se no lúmen laringotraqueobrônquico. Em geral, a traqueobroncopatia osteocondroplástica é descoberta acidentalmente durante broncoscopias ou em necropsias e não é associada a uma doença específica. Relatamos o caso de um paciente que foi diagnosticado com traqueobroncopatia osteocondroplástica por broncoscopia e biópsia.

Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica: A rare cause of difficult intubation.

Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica is a rare benign airway disorder which is characterised by submucosal nodules projecting into the tracheo-bronchial lumen usually involving the cartilaginous portions of the tracheo-bronchial tree or larynx. The condition is usually asymptomatic but can rarely present with difficulty during endotracheal intubation or rarely with obstructive airway complications. Bronchoscopic appearance is usually sufficient to make the diagnosis, and tissue biopsies are seldom required. No specific treatment is required in asymptomatic patients. However, interventional bronchoscopy procedures or surgery may be helpful in symptomatic cases.

Traqueobroncopatía osteocondroplástica: presentación simulando asma / Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica. Clinical presentation mimicking asthma

La traqueobroncopatía osteocondroplástica (TO) (o traqueopatía osteocondroplástica otraqueopatía osteoplástica)1 es una entidad rara de etiopatogenia desconocida caracterizada por múltiples nódulos de cartílago o hueso originados en el tejido cartilaginoso de la vía aérea, que se proyectan dentro de la luz traqueobronquial. Generalmente decurso crónico y benigno, es casi siempre un hallazgo; cuando presenta síntomas estos son inespecíficos y se deben al estrechamiento de la vía aérea, al engrosamiento de la pared traqueobronquial, o a alguna complicación. Al ser poco reconocida favorece los errores diagnósticos. Reportamos un caso sintomático de TO, confundida con asma, que además presentaba rinosinusitis crónica e infecciones recurrentes de la vía aérea alta y baja. Además de presentar este caso con gran afectación y progresión hasta bronquios distales, mostramos otros 2 presuntos casos sin confirmación endoscópica.

The tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica (TO) is a rare disease of unknown pathogenesis. It is characterized by multiple osteocartilaginous nodules protrudinginto the tracheobronchial airway lumen. Generally it is an incidental finding because its evolution is chronic and benign; when symptoms are present, they are non specific and result from the obstruction of the airway, the thickening of the tracheobronchial wall or some complication. Since it is an uncommon condition the diagnostic errors arefrequent. We report a symptomatic TO case, that was misdiagnosed as asthma, and in addition the patient had chronic sinusitis and recurrent upper and lower respiratory tract infections. This case had progressive invasion of distal bronchi. We also report two other suspected cases without endoscopic confirmation.

Traqueobroncopatía osteocondroplástica: reporte de dos casos y revisión de la literatura / Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica: presentation of two cases

Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica is a rare disease characterized by oteocartilagenous tissue bulking from the submucous layer into the lumen of large airways. We present two patients whose etiologic study for unrelated reasons rendered characteristic findings of this pathology. The literature about this disease is reviewed.

La traqueobroncopatía osteocondroplástica es una enfermedad poco frecuente, caracterizada por la proliferación de tejido óseo y cartilaginoso en la submucosa de las vías aéreas mayores. Presentamos dos casos de pacientes en cuyo estudio por distintos motivos etiológicos se encontraron lesiones compatibles con esta patología, y se revisa el tema.

Comprometimento da árvore respiratória na granulomatose de Wegener / Laryngeal and tracheobronchial involvement in Wegener's granulomatosis

INTRODUÇÃO: A granulomatose de Wegener (GW) é uma forma de vasculite sistêmica que envolve primariamente as vias aéreas superiores e inferiores e os rins. As manifestações mais frequentes nas vias aéreas são estenose subglótica e inflamações, estenoses da traqueia e dos brônquios. A visualização endoscópica das vias aéreas é a melhor ferramenta para avaliação, diagnóstico e manejo dessas alterações. OBJETIVOS: Descrever as alterações endoscópicas encontradas na mucosa das vias aéreas de um grupo de pacientes com GW submetido à broncoscopia no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HC-FMUSP) e relatar as intervenções terapêuticas broncoscópicas utilizadas em alguns casos. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 15 pacientes com diagnóstico de GW provenientes do Ambulatório de Vasculites da Disciplina de Pneumologia do HC-FMUSP, encaminhados para a realização de broncoscopia no serviço de Endoscopia Respiratória do HC-FMUSP no período de 2003 a 2007. RESULTADOS: Dos 15 pacientes avaliados, 11 eram mulheres (73,33 por cento) com idade média de 34 ± 11,5 anos. Foram encontradas alterações das vias aéreas em 80 por cento dos pacientes, e o achado endoscópico mais frequente foi estenose subglótica (n = 6). Realizou-se broncoscopia terapêutica em três pacientes com estenose subglótica e em outros três com estenose brônquica, todos apresentando bons resultados. CONCLUSÃO: A broncoscopia permite diagnóstico, acompanhamento e tratamento das lesões de vias aéreas na GW, constituindo-se um recurso terapêutico pouco invasivo em casos selecionados.

INTRODUCTION: Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) is a form of systemic vasculitis that involves primarily the upper and lower airways and the kidneys. The most frequent airway manifestations include subglottic stenosis and inflammation, and tracheal and bronchial stenoses. The endoscopic visualization of the airways is the best tool for assessing, diagnosing and managing those changes. OBJECTIVES: To describe the endoscopic abnormalities found in the airway mucosa of a group of patients with WG undergoing bronchoscopy at Hospital das Clínicas of the Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (HC-FMUSP), and to report the therapeutic bronchoscopic interventions used in some cases. METHODS: The study assessed 15 patients diagnosed with GW from the Vasculitis Outpatient Clinic of the Department of Pulmonology, HC-FMUSP, referred for bronchoscopy at the Service of Respiratory Endoscopy, HC-FMUSP, from 2003 to 2007. RESULTS: Fifteen patients were studied [11 females (73.33 percent)]; mean age, 34 ± 11.5 years. Airway changes were found in 80 percent of the patients, and the most frequent endoscopic finding was subglottic stenosis (n = 6). Therapeutic bronchoscopy was performed in three patients with subglottic stenosis and in other three patients with bronchial stenosis, all showing good results. CONCLUSION: Bronchoscopy allows for diagnosing, monitoring, and treating the airway lesions in WG, being a minimally invasive therapeutic option in selected cases.

Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica: case report and literature review

Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica [TPO] is a rare, benign condition involving the trachea. TPO is characterised by osteocartilaginous nodules developing within the submuscosa of the trachea, sparing the posterior wall. We present the first documented case of TPO in Oman in a 25 year-old Omani male who presented with a recurrent, productive cough from which he had suffered throughout the previous two years. Diagnosis was made by characteristic computed tomography scan, bronchoscopic findings, and a histopathological examination

Traqueobroncopatia osteocondroplástica: relato de 2 casos e revisão bibliográfica / Osteochondroplastic tracheobronchopathy: report on 02 cases and bibliographic review

A traqueobroncopatia osteocondroplásica (TO) é uma doença benigna rara, de causa desconhecida, caracterizada por numerosos nódulos submucosos sésseis, cartilaginosos e/ou ósseos, distribuídos pelas paredes ântero-laterais, projetando-se no lúmen laringotraqueobrônquico. Existem aproximadamente 400 casos relatados na literatura mundial. OBJETIVOS: Relatar e discutir 2 casos de TO com a revisão bibliográfica. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Apresentação de 2 casos, com revisão bibliográfica realizada através dos bancos de dados do MEDLINE, LILACS, PUBMED. DESENHO DO ESTUDO: Estudo observacional, descritivo, relato de casos. CONCLUSÃO: Os sintomas são resultados de obstrução da via aérea, causando tosse seca, dispneia e infecções recorrentes do trato respiratório. A suspeita diagnóstica é feita pela endoscopia de vias aéreas (laringotraqueobroncoscopia), sendo a tomografia computadorizada do tórax/traqueia útil para documentar as características de lesões nodulares. O diagnóstico diferencial inclui a papilomatose, amiloidose e sarcoidose endobronquial, condrossarcoma, hamartoma e linfonodos paratraqueais calcificados. Não existe tratamento específico, porém o prognóstico é bom. A remoção cirúrgica é restrita aos quadros obstrutivos moderados e severos. Os otorrinolaringologistas devem estar atentos e incluírem a traqueobroncopatia osteocondroplástica na lista de diagnósticos diferenciais, quando frente aos sintomas sugestivos de doenças da via aérea superior e árvore traqueobrônquica.

Osteochondroplastic tracheobronchopathy (OT) is a rare benign disorder of the lower part of the trachea and the upper part of the main bronchus characterized by numerous submucosal calcified nodules, sessile, cartilaginous and/or osseous with laryngotracheobronchial lumen projection. There are less than 400 cases reported in the word literature. AIM: to report and discuss 02 cases of OT with a bibliography review. MATERIALS AND METHODS: we report on 02 cases with bibliography revision from MEDLINE, LILACS and PUBMED data. STUDY DESIGN: observational, descriptive, case reports. CONCLUSION: the symptoms result from airway obstruction, causing dry cough, dyspnea and recurrent respiratory tract infections. The diagnostic hypothesis is established by endoscopy of the upper airway (laryngo-tracheo-bronchoscopy), and the trachea/chest computed tomography is the best image exam to define tracheal nodule alterations. The differential diagnoses are papillomatosis, amyloidosis and sarcoidosis chondrosarcoma hamartoma and calcified paratracheal lymph nodes. There is no specific treatment and the prognosis is good. Surgery is restricted to moderate or severe airway obstructions. Otorhinolaryngologists must include OT in the differential diagnosis of cases of upper airway and tracheobronchial tree suggestive symptoms.

Traqueobroncopatía osteocondroplástica: reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Tracheobronchopathy osteochondroplastica: a case report and literature review

La traqueobroncopatía osteocondroplástica es una enfermedad benigna poco frecuente, de etiología incierta, caracterizada por múltiples nodulos submucosos cartilaginosos u óseos en tráquea, bronquios principales y menos frecuentemente, región subglótica y laringe. La presentación clínica de la enfermedad varía desde pacientes asintomáticos, hasta enfermedad severa con obstrucción de la vía aérea. El gold standard para el diagnóstico es la broncoscopía, donde característicamente se visualiza la presencia de múltiples nodulos submucosos que se proyectan hacia el lumen de la vía aérea. La biopsia no es requisito para el diagnóstico. El tratamiento de la enfermedad está dirigido habitualmente al manejo sintomático. En pacientes con severa obstrucción de la vía aérea se han realizado terapias broncoscópicas como ablación con láser, crioterapia o divulsión mecánica de las lesiones. También se ha intentado la resolución quirúrgica, siendo generalmente inefectiva. Presentamos el caso clínico de un paciente evaluado en nuestro servicio, en quien se realizó diagnóstico de traqueobroncopatía osteocondroplástica con compromiso tráqueo-bronquial y subglótico.

Tracheobronchopathy osteochondroplastica is a rare benign disease of uncertain etiology characterized by múltiple cartilaginous or bony submucosal nodules in trachea, bronchi and, less frequently subglottic región and larynx. The clinical presentation of the disease varíes from asymptomatic patients to severe disease with airway obstruction. The gold standard for diagnosis is bronchoscopy, which typically displays the presence of múltiple submucosal nodules that project into the lumen of the airway. Biopsy is not required for diagnosis. The treatment of the disease is usually symptomatic management. In patients with severe airway obstruction bronchoscopic therapies such as laser ablation, cryotherapy or mechanical removal have been performed. Surgical resolution has also been attempted, being generally ineffective. We report the case of a patient evaluated in our department, in whom the diagnosis of tracheobronchopathy osteochondroplastica with tracheobronchial and subglottic compromise was made.

Tracheopathia osteoplastica presenting with haemoptysis in a young male.

A young man presented with infrequent haemoptysis spanning over 10 years. Chest radiograph was normal. However, the computed tomography (CT) of the chest had shown endotracheal wall changes. The diagnosis of tracheopathia osteoplastica was suggested on fiberoptic bronchoscopy and confirmed histologically.

Obstructive Fibrinous Tracheal Pseudomembrane After Tracheal Intubation: A Case Report

Obstructive fibrinous tracheal pseudomembrane is a rare, but potentially fatal complication associated with endotracheal intubation. It has been known that the formation of tracheal pseudomembrane is related with intracuff pressure during endotracheal intubation or infectious cause. But in the patient described in this case, pseudomembrane formation in the trachea was associated with subglottic epithelial trauma or caustic injuries to the trachea caused by aspirated gastric contents during intubation rather than tracheal ischemia due to high cuff pressure. We report a patient with obstructive fibrinous tracheal pseudomembrane after endotracheal intubation who presented with dyspnea and stridor and was treated successfully with mechanical removal using rigid bronchoscopy.

Traqueobroncopatia osteocondroplástica em portador de tumor de Klatskin: relato de caso e revisão da literatura / Tracheopathia osteochondroplastica in a patient with Klatskin tumor: a case report and review of the literature

A traqueopatia osteocondroplástica (TO) é uma desordem idiopática, incomum, caracterizada pela presença de nódulos osteocartilaginosos na submucosa das vias aéreas, causando rigidez e estreitamento da árvore respiratória. Afeta principalmente homens acima dos 50 anos com manifestações clínicas devidas à obstrução e/ou a infecções locais. Sua patogênese é desconhecida. Relatamos um caso de TO encontrada acidentalmente em autopsia de mulher com 73 anos de idade, que apresentava carcinoma ductal biliar extra hepático (tumor de Klatskin).

Tracheopathia osteochondroplastica (TO) is an unusual idiopathic disorder, characterized by osteocartilaginous nodules in the submucosa of the respiratory airway, which causes rigidity and narrowing of the respiratory tree. It affects mainly men over 50 and clinical manifestations are due to obstruction and/or local infections. The pathogenesis is uncertain. We report a case of TO found incidentally in an autopsy of a 73 year-old woman, who had an extrahepatic biliary ductal carcinoma (Klatskin tumor).

Amiloidosis endobronquial / Tracheobronchial amyloidosis: case report

Amyloidosis is a generic term for a group of diseases that share the common feature of extracelular deposit of pathologic proteins. Systemic and localized forms are recognized. Both can produce pulmonary involvement. The current classification is based on the nature of the precursor of the amyloid. It is an infrequent condition, in USA the incidence is 5.1 to 12.8 per million of people. We present a case of a 32 years old male, obese, light smoker with Diabetes Mellitus 2, asymptomatic, with a pneumonia and poor response to treatment. The first diagnostic approach was a malignant disease and the histological study showed Amyloidosis. The analysis of the case suggest the diagnosis of tracheobronchial amyloidosis.

La amiloidosis es un término genérico para un conjunto de enfermedades que comparten como hecho común el depósito extracelular de proteínas patológicas. A grandes rasgos se divide en sistémica y localizada. Ambas pueden presentar compromiso pulmonar. Actualmente, su clasificación, se basa en las proteínas precursoras del amiloide. Es una patología poco frecuente, reportándose en USA una incidencia de 5,1 a 12,8 por millón de personas. Presentamos un caso de un enfermo de 32 años de edad obeso con antecedentes de tabaquismo y Diabetes Mellitus 2, asintomático que frente a una neumonía con mala respuesta al tratamiento se plantea una patología maligna y el estudio histológico demuestra amiloidosis. El análisis del caso clínico configura el diagnostico de Amiloidosis localizada endobronquial.

Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy and subglottic stenosis: a case report.

An 18 year-old woman presented with massive cervical lymphadenopathy. She also had bilateral parotid gland enlargement, and later upper airway obstruction from subglottic mass compression. Surgical excision of lymph nodes and bilateral total parotidectomy with facial nerve preservation were selected. Direct laryngoscopy and CO2 laser excision were used to remove the subglottic mass. Airway was secured by tracheostomy and after that it was removed. Histologic finding was Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML) that involved the subglottic. SHML is very rare, probably less than 1000 cases reported in the literature and this is the 6th case in the literature that involved the subglottic. There are no standard treatment modalities. The treatment is comprised of surgery, steroid, chemotherapy and local control. In the present case the authors chose surgery, steroid and local control of disease in the subglottic by using CO2 laser excision. Now, the disease is under control.

Compressão traqueal como método auxiliar no diagnóstico radiológico do colapso de traquéia cervical / Tracheal compression as auxiliary method in the radiologic diagnosis of the cervical tracheal collapse

O colapso de traquéia é uma afecção freqüente em cães idosos e principalmente de raças pequenas, caracterizada por flacidez e perda de sustentação dos anéis traqueais com conseqüente diminuição do espaço luminal. O diagnóstico baseia-se nos sinais clinicos e nos exames de raios-x, fluoroscopia, ultra-sonografia. e traqueobroncoscopia. Quarenta cães adultos de pequeno porte e de diferentes raças, vinte higidos e vinte com suspeita dessa afecção, tiveram as regiões cervical e torácica radiografadas em projeções laterais com e sem compressão ventral da traquéia. A leve pressão exercida sobre a traquéia cervical foi realizada na entrada do tórax, com o auxílio de uma abre aspas pêra de borracha fecha aspas adaptada a uma haste de vidro. Independente da aplicação ou não da compressão, os vinte animais sem anormalidades das vias respiratórias tiveram mudanças sutis no diâmetro traqueal. Os cães com suspeita clínica de colapso de traquéia apresentaram ou não estreitamento deste órgão, dependendo da fase respiratória em que se encontravam durante a projeção radiográfica simples, não permitindo, muitas vezes, o diagnóstico definitivo. Todavia, todos os animais deste grupo, quando submetidos à técnica de compressão da traquéia apresentaram, ao raio-x, estreitamento local deste órgão, caracterizando o colapso de traquéia. O método mostrou-se eficiente, prático e seguro no diagnóstico do colapso de traquéia da região cervical, eliminando a necessidade de exposições radiográficas em diferentes momentos do ciclo respiratório, sem custos adicionais.

Tracheobronchial amyloidosis masquerading as bronchial asthma.

A case of localized tracheobronchial primary amyloidosis masquerading as "bronchial asthma" is presented. Computed tomography of the chest and fiberoptic bronchoscopy image are included. Tracheobronchial primary amyloidosis is a rare, but potentially curable cause of airway obstruction mimicking asthma.

Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica.

Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica (TO) is a rare and benign disorder characterized by cartilagenous and/or osseous submucosal deposits projecting into the laryngotracheobronchial lumen. The disorder is usually asymptomatic and most of the cases have been diagnosed incidentally at autopsy or during bronchoscopy. A case of TO in association with bronchogenic carcinoma is being reported for its rarity.

Traqueobroncomalacia en pacientes pediátricos: experiencia clínica / Tracheobronchomalacia in pediatric patients: clinical experience

Background: Tracheobronchomalacia is characterized by a deficiency in the cartilaginous support of the trachea and bronchi and hypotony in the myoelastic elements, that lead to different levels of airway obstruction. Aim: To report our experience in the treatment of traqueobronchomalacia. Material and methods: Retrospective review of 24 patients with tracheomalacia of different levels (3 tracheobronchomalacia, 3 laryngotracheomalacia) and 8 patients with bronchomalacia. Results: The age at diagnosis ranged from 9 days to 9 years. Clinical presentation was recurrent wheezing in 19 patients, stridor in 6 and atelectasis in 4. The associated factors were neurological impairment in 8, congenital heart disease in 10 and prolonged mechanical ventilation in 4. The diagnosis was done by flexible bronchoscopy in all patients, using sedation and allowing spontaneous breathing. At the moment of diagnosis, treatment consisted in oxygen supply in 14 patients, physiotherapy in 21, õ2 adrenergic agonists in 27, racemic epinephrine in 8, mechanical ventilation in 12, ipratropium bromide in 5 and inhaled steroids in 13. After diagnosis, 24 patients received bronchodilator therapy with ipratropium bromide, 15 received racemic epinephrine and 22 received inhaled steroids. In 21, õ2 adrenergic agonists were discontinued. Thirteen patients required ventilation support and home oxygen. Twenty two patients showed a satisfactory clinical evolution and 6 patients died. Conclusions: The clinical presentation of tracheobronchomalacia is varied and diagnosis is done by flexible bronchoscopy. Treatment will depend on the severity of the disease, but õ2 adrenergic agonists should be excluded

Diagnóstico broncoscópico de traqueopatía osteocondroplástica. Presentación de 1 caso / Diagnosis by bronchoscopy of tracheopathia osteochondroplastica. Presentation of a case

Se presentó un caso de traqueopatía osteocondroplástica que, desde el punto de vista clínico, se manifestó con cuadros de disnea asmatiforme. Se llegó al diagnóstico mediante la imagen macroscópica observada en la broncoscopia y se confirmó por la necropsia