Metabolomic profiling reveals distinct patterns of tricarboxylic acid disorders in blood stasis syndrome associated with coronary heart disease / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the underlying metabolomic profifiling of coronary heart disease (CHD) with blood stasis syndrome (BSS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>CHD model was induced by a nameroid constrictor in Chinese miniature swine. Fifteen miniature swine were randomly divided into a model group (n=9) and a control group (n=6), respectively according to arandom number table. After 4 weeks, plasma hemorheology was detected by automatic hemorheological analyzer, indices including hematocrit, plasma viscosity, blood viscosity, rigidity index and erythrocyte sedimentation rate; cardiac function was assessed by echocardiograph to detect left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVED), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDd), ejection fraction (EF), fractional shortening (FS) and other indicators. Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and bioinformatics were applied to analyze spectra of CHD plasma with BSS.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The results of hemorheology analysis showed signifificant changes in viscosity, with low shear whole blood viscosity being lower and plasma viscosity higher in the model group compared with the control group. Moreover, whole blood reduction viscosity at high shear rate and whole blood reduction viscosity at low shear rate increased signifificantly (P <0.05). The echocardiograph results demonstrated that cardiac EF and FS showed signifificant difference (P <0.05), with EF values being decreased to 50% or less. The GC-MS data showed that principal component analysis can clearly separate the animals with BSS from those in the control group. The enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes biological pathways results suggested that the patterns involved were associated with dysfunction of energy metabolism including glucose and lipid disorders, especially in glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, galactose metabolism and adenosine-triphosphate-binding cassette transporters.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism disorders were the major contributors to the syndrome classifification of CHD with BSS.</p>

Studies on chemical constituents from fruits of Morus alba L / 药学学报

Chemical investigation of fruits of Mours alba L. lead to the isolation of fifteen compounds by various chromatographies such as silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, RP-C18 column chromatography. Their structures were determined to be: 1-[5-(2-formlfuryl) methyl] dihydrogen 2-hydroxypropane-1, 2, 3-tricarboxylate 2, 3-diethyl ester (1), 1-[2-(furan-2-yl)-2-oxoethyl] pyrrolidin-2-one (2), divaricataester A (3), methyl 1-[2-(furan-2-yl)-2-oxoethyl]-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylate (4), 1-[2-(furan-2-yl)-2-oxoethyl]-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (5), L-pyroglutamic acid (6), L-pyroglutamic acid ethyl ester (7), 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester (8), 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid ethyl ester (9), 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester (10), 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid ethyl ester (11), 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester (12), 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester (13), 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid (14), 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (15), respectively, based on the spectral analysis such as NMR, MS etc. Compounds 1-14 were isolated from this genus for the first time, among which 1 was a new compound.

Effect of self-adhesive resin cement and tribochemical treatment on bond strength to zirconia / 国际口腔科学杂志·英文版

<p><b>AIM</b>To evaluate the interactive effects of different self-adhesive resin cements and tribochemical treatment on bond strength to zirconia.</p><p><b>METHODOLOGY</b>The following self-adhesive resin cements for bonding two zirconia blocks were evaluated: Maxcem (MA), Smartcem (SM), Rely X Unicem Aplicap (UN), Breeze (BR), Biscem (BI), Set (SE), and Clearfil SA luting (CL). The specimens were grouped according to conditioning as follows: Group 1, polishing with 600 grit polishing paper; Group 2, silica coating with 110 microm Al2O3 particles which modified with silica; and, Group 3, tribochemical treatment--silica coating + silanization. Specimens were stored in distilled water at 37 degrees C for 24 hours before testing shear bond strength.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Silica coating and tribochemical treatment significantly increased the bond strength of the MA, UN, BR, BI, SE and CL to zirconia compared to #600 polishing. For both #600 polished and silica coating treatments, MDP-containing self-adhesive resin cement CL had the highest bond strengths to zirconia.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Applying silica coating and tribochemical treatment improved the bond strength of self-adhesive resin cement to zirconia, especially for CL.</p>

effect of organic acids and nisin at sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations on growth of a strain of bacillus cereus isolated from cheese

One of the methods for preserving foods is decontamination by using food preservatives. Food preservatives exert antagonistic effects on microorganisms through interference with the structure and function of their cell membrane, enzyme action, or genetic structure. The effects of different preservatives on the growth of Bacillus cereus isolated from cheese were determined. First the growth curve of the bacteria was studied without addition of the preservatives. Then the curve was re-drawn after adding acetic acid and nisin as a chemical and a natural preservative, respectively, at sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations [sub-MIC]. Finally growth curves were drawn in the presence of both citric acid and potassium sorbate at different concentrations, the pH changes being determined. Bacillus cereus did not grow well in acetic acid at a concentration of half-MIC, and the pH was 5 and did not change. However, it caused changes in the pH at 1/4-MIC and 1/8-MIC of acetic acid and grew. Furthermore, it could increase the pH in the presence of nisin and grow after a lag phase of 12 hours. The simultaneous use of citric acid and potassium sorbate showed a synergistic preservative effect. Bacillus cereus isolated from cheese is resistant to sub-MIC concentrations of different preservatives. Therefore, it is recommended not to use preservatives at such concentrations

Citric acid production with mixed strains of Aspergillus niger

Seis linhagens de Aspergillus niger, provenientes de indústrias e 15 combinaçöes dessas linhagens, foram analisadas quantitativamente, em relaçäo à acidez total e à produçäo de ácido cítrico. O delineamento experimental permitiu determinar os efeitos da capacidade de combinaçäo e desse modo pode ser avaliada a contribuiçäo de cada linhagem nessas combinaçöes. Apenas em poucos casos, a fermentaçäo com mistura de linhagens mostrou uma tendência para uma produçäo de ácido cítrico intermediária em relaçäo à produçäo de linhagens isoladas. Dez combinaçöes de linhagens tiveram uma produçäo de ácido cítrico mais baixa do que a da linhagem combinada, de menor produçäo. Quatro combinaçöes apresentaram produçäo de ácido cítrico intermediária, e em apenas um caso, a produçäo de ácido cítrico excedeu a das linhagens combinadas

Effect of Krebs cycle metabolites on frog heart.

All the Krebs metabolites except pyruvate, lactate, acetate and succinate reduced the force and rate of myocardial contractions and also decreased cardiac output in frog. Succinate on the contrary was found to augment the rate and force of heart. The cardiac stimulation produced by epinephrine was reduced by fumarate, malate, oxaloacetate and alpha-oxoglutarate, whereas transaconitate and citrate produced only a slight inhibition. Pyruvate, lactate, acetate and succinate did not alter cardiac response to epinephrine.