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2.
Rev. chil. dermatol ; 33(2): 43-47, 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-964905

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las tuberculides tuberculosas (TLTB) se subdividen en verdaderas de etiología atribuible al Mycobacterium tuberculosis y facultativas causadas por múltiples condiciones, entre ellas la tuberculosis. En Chile representan el 75% de las tuberculosis cutáneas en la región metropolitana (RM). Objetivo: caracterizar las TLTB de la RM de acuerdo a epidemiología, clínica, estudio y manejo terapéutico. Material y método: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo del total de TLTB diagnosticadas por biopsia en los servicios de anatomía patológica de 4 hospitales públicos de la RM y un hospital privado de la RM en el quinquenio 2006-2010. Resultados: 83 casos de TLTB, 59% aportados por el sistema público, 84% de los pacientes fueron mujeres, 18% fueron tuberculides verdaderas y 82% tuberculides facultativas. A pesar de ser el tratamiento antituberculoso la elección en las tuberculides verdaderas, sólo se indicó en el 65% de los casos y de estos, 45% realmente lo realizó. Sólo el 4,5% de las tuberculides facultativas de esta serie tuvieron indicación de tratamiento antituberculoso, realizándose en el 100% de los casos. Conclusión: Existe seguimiento insuficiente a través del tiempo en estos pacientes, dificultando dimensionar el éxito real de los tratamientos indicados. Se evidencia una falla en la coordinación al momento de derivar los pacientes al programa de control de la tuberculosis.


Introduction: Tuberculids are subdivided in true tuberculids, which are associated to mycobacterium tuberculosis, and facultative tuberculids which can be caused by several conditions, including tuberculosis. In Chile tuberculids represent 75% of cutaneous tuberculosis in the metropolitan region (MR). Objective: to characterize tuberculids according to epidemiology, clinical, study and therapeutic management. Methods: Descriptive study of the total tuberculids diagnosed by biopsy in the pathology services of 4 public hospitals of the MRI and a private hospital of the MRI in the five-year period 2006- 2010. Results: 83 cases of tuberculids, 59% where provided by the public system, 84% of the patients were women, 18% were true tuberculids and 82% facultative tuberculids. Despite being antitubercular therapy the first line treatment for true tuberculids, this treatment was prescribed in 65% of cases and only 45% of these were actually treated. Only 4.5% of the facultative tuberculids in this series had indication of antitubercular therapy, performed in 100% of cases. Conclusions: There is insufficient follow up in these patients, making it difficult to assess the real success of the treatment. Is evident the lack of coordination when referring patients to the tuberculosis control program.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/epidemiology , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/pathology , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/drug therapy , Biopsy , Comorbidity , Chile/epidemiology , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies , Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use
3.
Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol ; 2015 Jul-Aug; 81(4): 380-384
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-160058

ABSTRACT

This report describes 6 HIV-negative patients including 5 children with scrofuloderma and an adult with lupus vulgaris, out of a total of 303 cases of cutaneous tuberculosis seen during a 4½-year period, who showed a positive tuberculin test and granulomatous histopathology, but failed to respond to fi rst-line antitubercular therapy. They were suspected to have multidrug-resistant infection as no other cause could be ascertained. Tissue aspirate or biopsy was sent for histopathology and culture. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was isolated from the aspirate in three patients and sputum in one with associated pulmonary tuberculosis. Drug susceptibility tests showed that all isolates were resistant to rifampicin and isoniazid, and one each additionally to streptomycin and ethambutol, respectively. In two, culture was unsuccessful. All were administered second-line antitubercular drugs. Clinical improvement was appreciable within 2 months as weight gain, and regression of ulcers, swellings and plaques. Two completed the recommended 24 months of therapy. Multidrug-resistant cutaneous tuberculosis should be suspected in patients with no response to fi rst-line drugs, with clinical deterioration, and where other causes of treatment failure are not forthcoming. Owing to poor isolation rates on culture and low sensitivity of molecular tests, in such cases, a trial of second-line anti-tubercular drugs may be justifi ed for a reasonable period of 2 months. Where facilities permit, culture and drug sensitivity tests should be done before starting treatment. Culture positivity is better from aspirated material.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Drug Resistance, Multiple , Female , Humans , Male , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/diagnosis , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/drug therapy , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/epidemiology , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/etiology , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/pathology
5.
An. bras. dermatol ; 89(2): 219-228, Mar-Apr/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-706964

ABSTRACT

Cutaneous tuberculosis (CTB) is the result of a chronic infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. ovis and occasionally by the Calmette-Guerin bacillus. The clinical manifestations are variable and depend on the interaction of several factors including the site of infection and the host's immunity. This article revises the current knowledge about this disease's physiopathology and immunology as well as detailing the possible clinical presentations.


Subject(s)
Humans , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/epidemiology , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/pathology , Brazil/epidemiology , Disease Progression , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Skin/pathology , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/microbiology
7.
Dermatol. peru ; 20(3): 174-179, jul.-sept. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-671740

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Determinar las características clínicas, epidemiológicas e histopatológicas de la tuberculosis cutánea en el Hospital Nacional Daniel A. Carrión durante el periodo de Julio 2008 a Julio 2010. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo de tipo serie de casos. Se revisó las historias y las imágenes de las lesiones y laminas histopatológicas de las biopsias cutáneas de los pacientes con diagnóstico de tuberculosis cutánea basado en los criterios clínicos, epidemiológicos, microbiológicos e histopatológicos. RESULTADOS: Durante el período de estudio se presentaron 12 casos de tuberculosis cutánea de los cuales el 66.7% fueron mujeres y 33.3 % hombres. Las formas clínicas halladas fueron: escrofulodermia en 41.6%, eritema indurado de Bazin en 25%, lupus vulgar en 16.6%, tuberculosis periorificial en 8.3% y tuberculosis verrugosa cutis en 8.3%. En cuanto a la histopatología, se encontró la presencia del granuloma tuberculoide en el 100% de los casos siendo su localización más frecuente la dermis y la coloración Ziehl Neelsen demostró lapresencia de BAAR en 66.6% de los casos. CONCLUSIÓN: La tuberculosis cutánea fue más frecuente en el sexo femenino, la escrofulodermia, la forma clínica más frecuente, y el granuloma tuberculoide el hallazgo histopatológico en el total de casos.


To determine epidemiological and histopathological characteristics of cutaneous tuberculosis in the Daniel Alcides Carrion National Hospital during the period July 2008 to July 2010. Patients and methods: descriptive case series. Clinical records, images of the lesions and histopathological of the cutaneous biopsies the top patients with cutaneous tuberculosis diagnosis based in the clinical epidemiological microbiological and histopahatological criteria were assessed. RESULTS; During the study period therewere 12 cases of cutaneous tuberculosis of which 66.7% were female and 33.3% male. The clinical forms were: 41.6% scrofuloderma, BazinÆs indurated erythemain 25%, 16,6% in lupus vulgaris, periorificial tuberculosis at 8,3% and 8,3% verrucous tuberculosis. Regarding the histopathology, the presence of tuberculoid granuloma in 100% of cases, being dermis the most common site and Ziehl Neelsen staining showed the presence of BAAR in 66,6% of cases. CONCLUSION: Cutaneous tuberculosis was more common in females, scrofuloderma was the most frequent clinical finding and tuberculoid granuloma was the histopathological finding in all cases.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Granuloma , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/classification , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/epidemiology , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/pathology , Epidemiology, Descriptive
8.
Mali méd. (En ligne) ; 25(1): 14-17, 2010.
Article in French | AIM | ID: biblio-1265615

ABSTRACT

Introduction. Le diagnostic de tuberculose cutanee est rendu difficile par son polymorphisme clinique. Notre objectif etait de preciser les donnees epidemiologiques; cliniques; paracliniques et evolutives de la tuberculose cutanee a Dakar. Materiel et methode :Une etude retrospective de Janvier 1972 a Octobre 2005 a ete effectuee au service de Dermatologie de l'Hopital Le Dantec de Dakar. Le diagnostic etait base sur des arguments epidemiologiques; cliniques; l'intradermo-reaction a la tuberculine; la bacteriologie et l'histologie. Resultats : Notre etude a recense 151 cas dont 78 hommes et 73 femmes. La tuberculose cutaneo-ganglionnaire etait majoritaire (84;76) suivie de la gomme (11;25). Le lupus tuberculeux (1;98); la tuberculose periorificielle (1;98); la tuberculose verruqueuse (2;64) et la BCGite (0;66) etaient plus rares. Les localisations viscerales (43) etaient pulmonaires (26;5); osteoarticulaires (8;6) neurologiques (0;66) et multiples (9;17). L'IDR etait fortement positive dans 65;15des cas; la bacilloscopie dans 12;5; l'histologie dans 66;22et la serologie VIH dans 14;28. La cicatrisation des lesions cutanees etait notee chez tous les patients apres 1 a 2 mois de traitement. Une recidive a ete notee dans 3 cas et un deces dans 3 cas chez des patients positifs au VIH. Une guerison a ete observee dans 23 cas apres 8 a 12 mois de traitement. Conclusion : La tuberculose cutanee demeure endemique au Senegal. Le scrofuloderme et la gomme sont les principales formes cliniques. L'IDR fortement positive et le granulome tuberculoide avec necrose caseeuse deviennent des arguments diagnostiques de grande valeur


Subject(s)
Case Reports , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/diagnosis , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/epidemiology
10.
Dermatol. peru ; 16(3): 220-232, sept.-dic. 2006. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-483653

ABSTRACT

La tuberculosis continúa siendo un problema de salud pública de primer orden, a escala mundial. Las formas cutáneas de la tuberculosis son poco comunes, constituyen 1 por ciento de los casos de tuberculosis extrapulmonar e involucra entre 0,015 y 0,1 por ciento de las consultas dermatológicas. Su incidencia refleja la relación existente con la situación económica y demográfica. Objetivo: Determinar las características epidemiológicas, clínicas e histológicas de los pacientes con tuberculosis cutánea (TC) atendidos en el servicio de Dermatología del Hospital Regional Docente de Trujillo (HDRT).Pacientes y Métodos: Se consideró para la población en estudio todos los pacientes con tuberculosis cutánea atendidos, desde el 1 de enero de 1995 hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2000. Para el diagnóstico de tuberculosis cutánea, se consideró los criterios clínico e histopatológico, debido a las limitaciones de las tinciones de Ziehl Neelsen o el cultivo en medio de Lowenstein Jensen. La información fue recolectada en una ficha clínica diseñada para tal fin, y se revisó las láminas correspondientes a cada caso, en el Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, cuyos datos fueron consignados también en una hoja de encuesta histopatológica. Para la determinación de las formas clínicas de tuberculosis cutánea, se usó la clasificación propuesta por Beyt y col., modificada por Savin y Tappeiner y Wolf, la misma que se basa en la vía de infección; en esta se incluye las tuberculides. Para el análisis e interpretación de la información del presente trabajo, se utilizó la estadística descriptiva, realizando el diagnóstico situacional. Se presenta tablas, gráficas, con sus respectivos promedios y desviaciones estándares. Resultados: En el lapso de 6 años, se encontró 36 pacientes con TC, de 22 868 pacientes atendidos en el HRDT, alcanzando una incidencia de 0,16 por ciento y una frecuencia mensual de 0,5 casos, entre 1995 y 2000, con un franco predominio del sexo femenino...


Tuberculosis continues being a first order public health world problem. The cutaneous forms of tuberculosis are uncommon and represent 1% of extra pulmonary tuberculosis cases and involve 0,015 to 0,1% of the dermatologic consultations.Its incidence reflects the existing relation with the local economical and demographic situation. Objective: To determine characteristics, epidemiology, clinics and histology of patients with cutaneous tuberculosis attended at the Dermatology service of Trujillo’s Teaching Regional Hospital.Patients and Methods:Patients with cutaneous tuberculosis attended from January 1995 through December 31, 2000 were considered. Criteria for cutaneous tuberculosis diagnosis were clinical and histopathological. The information was collected in a designed clinical card and histology corresponding to each case was reviewed and registered. For cutaneous tuberculosis clinical varieties determination we used the classification proposed by Beyt and collaborators and modified by Savin, Tappeiner and Wolff, classification based on the infection route, that includes tuberculids. For data analysis and interpretation we used descriptive statistics, showing the results in tables, graphs and corresponding averages.Results:Thirty-six patients with cutaneous tuberculosis were seen in six years; 22 868 patients were attended at Trujillo’s Teaching Regional Hospital at the same period with 0,16% incidence of cutaneous tuberculosis and a monthly frequency of 0,5 cases, predominating the female sex (63,9%). According to clinical varieties, erithema induratum represented 41,7%, scrofuloderm 33,3%, lupus vulgaris 11,1%, verucous cutaneous tuberculosis 5,6% and erithema nodosus 8,3%. No age was free from affectation, and the age group range between 11 and 40 years represented 72,2%. Lesions topography was mainly in inferior extremities (erithema induratum), followed by neck and thorax (scrofuloderm). Almost all lesions were unilateral, with the exception of erithema nodosus that was bilateral. There was association with other tuberculosis forms in 10 patients, 8 in lungs and 1 osteomyelitis, other with pleural tuberculosis and another with lungs and spine compromise. History of familiar tuberculosis was present in 27,8%. PPD was done in 91,7% of cases and only 84,9% were positive. There was good treatment reponse in all patients. Cutaneous tuberculosis diagnosis was done by skin biopsy in 91,7%. Granulomas with epithelioid cells was confirmed by histology in 100% of cases, giant lymphocytes in 96,6%, giant cells in 75,9%, plasma cells in 6,9% and caseous necrosis in 24,1%.Conclusion:Cutaneous tuberculosis had a frequency of 0,5% cases per month with an incidence of 0,16% at Trujillo’s Teaching Regional Hospital, with predominance of erithema induratum. The tuberculids-like erithema nodosum must be considered specific unless contrary proof is available.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/epidemiology , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/etiology , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/immunology , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/pathology , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Longitudinal Studies , Retrospective Studies
12.
An. bras. dermatol ; 71(supl.2): 21-3, mar.-abr. 1996. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-195784

ABSTRACT

Os aspectos clínicos, a epidemiologia, a etiopatologia e o diagnóstico da doença foram apresentados e debatidos pelos relatores do grupo de trabalho e médicos que participaram da reuniäo na qualidade de assistidos. As formas clínicas mais comuns no Brasil foram mencionadas, destacando-se o escofuloderma, a tuberculose cutânea indurativa de Bazin e a tuberculide papulóide necrótica. Criticou-se a ficha epidemiológica da Divisäo de Pneumologia Sanitária do Ministério da Saúde, em que a tuberculose cutânea näo aparece especificada, sendo registrada no item Outros. Uma revisäo dos principais estudos etiopatogênicos, o polimorfismo lesional e o grande acontecimento dos imunodeprimidos, principalmente os portadores da Aids, mereceram atençäo especial dos participantes. No diagnóstico foi ressaltada a grande contribuiçäo da técnica da PCR, que permite identificar a presença de raríssimas micobactérias, contribuindo para a precisäo diagnóstica.


Subject(s)
Humans , BCG Vaccine , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/immunology , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous , Diagnosis, Differential , Disease Notification , Mycobacterium Infections/diagnosis , National Health Programs , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/classification , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/diagnosis , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/epidemiology , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/etiology , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/pathology , Tuberculosis
13.
Dermatol. venez ; 3(1): 25-34, 1995. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-162525

ABSTRACT

Se revisa la experiencia sobre Tuberculina cutánea (TBCc) en Venezuela durante el quinquenio 1989-1993. Para ello se practicó revision de 3.335 fichas de notificación (Denuncia) de TBC extrapulmonar provenientes del Departamento de Tuberculosis del MASA con sede en el Hospital José Ignacio Baldó. De ellas se seleccionaron sólo las notificaciones como TBC ganglionar (debido a que las escrófulas son reportadas mayormente así) y TBCc que reunieron los criterios de Wilkinson (modificados) mundialmente aceptados como diagnóstico para TBC, los cuales fueron 243 casos. En una segunda etapa, se revisaron las historias clínicas de los casos vistos en nuestro hospital durante ese lapso y algunas de otros centros hospitalarios y dispensarios del área metropolitana. La incidencia global fue de 0,24 por ciento, cifra que sigue estando dentro del rango observado a nivel nacional, da la impresión desde el punto de vista que la TBCc estuviera aumentando, sin embargo los parámetros estadísticos no lo revelan así, creemos que ello sea debido a principalmente al subregistro, oferta de medicamentos antifímicos en el mercado privado, bajo índice de sospecha y la falta de un control epidemiológico efectivo relacionado con la recolección de las fichas de denuncia. Las formas clínicas más frecuentes observadas fueron: escrófulas, eritema nodoso y úlceras tuberculosas. Se analizan los diferentes procedimientos diagnósticos utilizados: tuberculina, bacteriología, radiología e histopatología enfocados bajo dos ópticas: escrófulas/otras TBCc


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Tuberculin , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/classification , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/epidemiology , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/radiotherapy
14.
Ceylon Med J ; 1988 Sep; 33(3): 97-9
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-47567
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