ABSTRACT
Enteric or typhoid fever is a global health problem affecting millions of people annually and endemic in many countries. The classical presentation includes fever, malase, diffuse abdominal pain and constipation. Untreated typhoid fever may progress to delirium, intestinal hemorrhage, bowel perforation and even death within one month of onset. There are many problems regarding diagnosis and management. In this study a reprehensive number of practicing clinicians, pathologists and laboratory technicians were asked to complete a specially designed questionnaire for each group. The questions covered areas of clinical diagnosis, laboratory diagnosis and drug management. Results showed a number of misconceptions: especially regarding laboratory diagnosis and drug treatment. Standard internationally accepted methods of laboratory diagnosis and top recommended drugs [including dose and duration] were presented in the review. Finally, we hope this review will contribute in solving the problem of diagnosis and management of enteric fever and we recommend distributing guidelines for diagnosis and management
Subject(s)
Humans , Typhoid Fever/physiopathology , Typhoid Fever/therapy , Disease ManagementABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The present study was undertaken to determine the clinical profile of typhoid fever in hospitalised patients. DESIGN: Prospective cross-sectional study. SETTING: Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital. METHOD: Total of thirty patients above fifteen years of age who had clinical features strongly suggestive of typhoid fever and on blood culture found to be positive for Salmonella typhi were analysed for clinical features. RESULT: Among total of thirty cases, there were 17 (57%) males and 13 (43%) females. 86% of cases of typhoid fever clustered around 15-30 years of age. Predominant symptoms were fever (100%), headache (90%), abdominal Pain (37%) and constipation (33%). Common clinical signs were splenomegaly (37%), relative bradycardia (27%) and hepatomegaly (17%). None of the patients presented with complications. CONCLUSION: The clinical profile of typhoid fever in our study revealed not much difference from that of other studies on typhoid fever. Rose spots were not noticed and we did not find a single case of complication of typhoid fever. Probably early initiation of antibiotics prevented the complications.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Hospitalization , Humans , Male , Nepal , Prospective Studies , Salmonella typhi/pathogenicity , Typhoid Fever/physiopathologyABSTRACT
La fiebre tifoidea es una patología de rara frecuencia en Estados Unidos donde se observan menos de 500 casos por año. En Latinoamérica se presenta 4 a 5 veces más frecuentemente. Los síntomas pulmonares ocurren en menosdel 20 por ciento de los casos. El desarrollo de neumonía es más frecuente en pacientes inmunosuprimidos. En los últimos 10 años su frecuencia a aumentado en pacientes con SIDA o con otras causas de inmunosupresión. Presentamos un caso de fiebre tifoidea con neumonía multilobar en un adulto joven y en quien se descartó SIDA u otra inmunodeficinecia.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Lung Diseases/complications , Lung Diseases/etiology , Typhoid Fever , Typhoid Fever/complications , Typhoid Fever/diagnosis , Typhoid Fever/drug therapy , Typhoid Fever/epidemiology , Typhoid Fever/etiology , Typhoid Fever/mortality , Typhoid Fever/pathology , Typhoid Fever/physiopathology , Typhoid Fever/therapy , Immunosuppression Therapy/adverse effects , Immunosuppression Therapy/mortality , Pneumonia/etiologyABSTRACT
A study carried out at the Department of Surgery [Unit II], Abasi Shaheed hospital, Karachi revealed 15 cases of massive lower gastrointestinal bleeding, during the period from January 1992 to December 1996. There were 10 male and 5 female patients giving a male to female ratio of 2:1. Common cause of massive lower gastrointestinal bleeding were found to be Amoebiasis -46.7% and Typhoid Fever-33.3%. In approximately 80% cases the source of bleeding could not be localized due to lack of investigative facilities in government hospital. It was also noted that in 80% of these patients bleeding stopped spontaneously on conservative management
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Amebiasis/physiopathology , Rectum/physiopathology , Typhoid Fever/physiopathology , Colitis, Ulcerative/physiopathology , Rectal Neoplasms/physiopathologyABSTRACT
Se presenta a un varón, de 20 años de edad, procedente de Andahuaylas, con fiebre tifoidea complicada con hepatitis severa, ascitis, hemorragia digestiva, deshidratación e insuficiencia prerrenal aguda; tratado exitosamente con un ciclo corto de ciprofloxacina endovenosa: 400 mg bid durante seis días, en el Hospital Militar Central de Lima. Concomitantemente, el paciente sufrió de malaria y parasitismo intestinal con Ancylostoma duodenale. Al trigésimo sexto día de su internamiento, y estando asintomático, desarrollo neumonía basal izquierda que se trató con eritromicina oral. Se hace una revisión de la literatura en relación al uso de quinolonas en el tratamiento de la fiebre tifoidea y se discute la fisiopatología del paciente
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Ciprofloxacin/therapeutic use , Typhoid Fever/diagnosis , Typhoid Fever/physiopathology , Typhoid Fever/therapy , Ascites/etiology , Hepatitis/etiologySubject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Male , Female , Chloramphenicol/administration & dosage , Chloramphenicol/pharmacokinetics , Shock, Hemorrhagic/complications , Shock, Hemorrhagic/etiology , Colectomy/statistics & numerical data , Multiple Organ Failure/physiopathology , Pneumonia/complications , Pneumonia/etiology , Pneumonia/physiopathology , Splenectomy , Typhoid Fever/complications , Typhoid Fever/diagnosis , Typhoid Fever/physiopathology , Urinary Tract Infections/etiology , Urinary Tract Infections/therapyABSTRACT
Del total de casos estudiados en los cuales se determinó tanto por la historia clínica, el examen físico y una prueba serológica de Widal positiva para Salmonella Typhi, la presencia de Fiebre Tifoidea y en los cuales se practicaron pruebas de función hepática, se pudo demostrar que en más del 50% de los pacientes se demostró la presencia de alteraciones hepáticas tanto clínicas como biológicas. Se encontró que de los signos y síntomas clínicos, propios de enfermos hepáticos, la Ictericia apareció en 34 pacientes, para 20.33% del total de casos estudiados, la Hepatomegalis apareció en 102 pacientes, para un 60.71% del total de casos, mientras que la Esplenomegalis se encontró en un total de 98 pacientes, para un 58.33% del total de casos estudiados. De las pruebas de función hepáticas realizadas a los pacientes afectados de Patología en cuestión, se encontró que la bilirrubina se alteró en un total de 39 pacientes para un 23.2% del total de 119 pacientes, para un 66.66% del total de casos estudiados, mientras que las Iransaminasa Glutámica Oxalacética se elevó en un total de 92 pacientes para 54.76%