Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 442
Filter
1.
Rev. méd. Maule ; 38(1): 8-18, jun. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1562292

ABSTRACT

Migrants in Chile are a group of health users with particular needs, at least in mental health, they are faced with factors that can influence their psyche. Thus, the present work summarized the bibliography available in scientific search engines with the aim of summarizing them and associating them with mental symptoms. From it, it can be deduced that 9 factors can influence this group, among them, acculturation, poor access to health and mistreatment. The consequences of these are summarized in the generation of depressive and anxious symptoms, which are often not treated.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Stress, Psychological/psychology , Adaptation, Psychological , Emigrants and Immigrants/psychology , Acculturation , Mental Disorders/psychology , Socioeconomic Factors , Stress, Psychological/ethnology , Chile/ethnology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Mental Disorders/ethnology
2.
Psicol. Estud. (Online) ; 28: e53056, 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1440785

ABSTRACT

RESUMO. Pretendemos no presente artigo realizar um estudo teórico e um relato de experiência, em que revisitaremos o modo de lida clínica com o suicídio na obra de Ludwig Binswanger, antes mesmo dele estabelecer a sua daseinsanálise, no seu famoso caso Ellen West. Com isso visamos dar relevo ao questionamento do psiquiatra com relação à psiquiatria de ênfase marcadamente biológica, em que o suicídio é compreendido como sintoma associado a quadros psicopatológicos, tendência essa que ainda se faz presente na psiquiatria atual. Por fim, apresentaremos nossa própria experiência clínica com suicídio, em que esse é tomado como possibilidade existencial. Através de um breve relato de experiência iremos mostrar o que consideramos um desdobramento daquilo que tem início com Binswanger, ou seja, a daseinsanálise. Com a denominação daseinsanálise hoje buscamos retornar à obra de Martin Heidegger para então continuar a desenvolver uma lida mais serena frente a situações de risco de suicídio na psicologia clínica daseinsanalítica.


RESUMEN. Pretendemos en el presente artículo realizar un estudio teórico y un relato de experiencia, en que revisitaremos el modo de lectura clínica con el suicidio en la obra de Ludwig Binswanger, antes de que él estableciera su análisis existencial, en su famoso caso Ellen West. Con eso pretendemos dar relieve al cuestionamiento del psiquiatra con relación a la psiquiatría de énfasis biológico, en que el suicidio es comprendido como síntoma asociado a cuadros psicopatológicos, tendencia que aún se hace presente en la psiquiatría. Finalmente, presentaremos nuestra propia experiencia clínica con suicidio, en que éste es tomado como una posibilidad existencial. A través de un breve relato de caso, pretendemos mostrar lo que consideramos un desdoblamiento de lo que comienza con Binswanger, o sea, el análisis existencial. Con la denominación análisis existencial hoy, pretendemos retornar a la obra de Martin Heidegger para entonces continuar desarrollando una actuación más serena frente a situaciones de riesgo de suicidio en la psicología clínica.


ABSTRACT. We intend in this article to carry out a theoretical study and an experience report of the literature in which we will revisit the mode of clinical assessment of suicide in the work of Ludwig Binswanger. To do accomplish this task we'll investigate his famous case Ellen West, carried out even before he established his daseinsanalysis. With this, we intend to highlight the question of the psychiatrist in relation to a biological perspective in psychiatry, in which suicide is understood as a symptom associated with mental diseases, this trend is still present in psychiatry. Finally we will present our own clinical experience with suicidal behavior, in which it is taken as an existential possibility. Through a brief case report, we intend to show what we consider to be an unfolding of what begins with Binswanger: the daseinsanalysis. With the designation of nowadays daseinsanalysis, we intend to return to the work of Martin Heidegger and then continue to develop a serene approach to situations of risk of suicide in clinical psychology.


Subject(s)
Humans , Psychology, Clinical , Suicide/psychology , Psychiatry , Risk-Taking , Behavior , Mental Disorders/psychology
3.
Psicol. Estud. (Online) ; 28: e54552, 2023. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1521384

ABSTRACT

RESUMO. Escutar vozes ainda é considerado por profissionais da saúde como alucinação auditiva, uma experiência perturbadora que ocorre em condições de doença, reconhecida como uma sintomatologia psicopatológica de alteração da realidade. Entretanto, esta postura dificulta o acolhimento da pessoa que vivencia este fenômeno. O objetivo deste estudo foi de conhecer na literatura científica sobre a experiência e a representação da escuta de vozes na expressão cotidiana. O método utilizado foi de revisão narrativa, em fontes pesquisadas em periódicos. Encontramos 30 artigos em português e inglês, no período de 2003 a 2018, utilizando os descritores saúde mental, esquizofrenia, ouvidores de vozes e cotidiano. Os dados foram organizados em uma planilha temática e analisados com foco na narrativa da linguagem e apresentados descritivamente. A literatura estudada apresentou dois tipos de representação da escuta de vozes: a caracterização e tipologia da vivência, e como processo subjetivo de uma experiência biográfica. Entre os resultados identificamos a caracterização da experiência de ouvir vozes associada a vivências traumáticas e com consequências nas atividades laborativas, como o trabalho e a vida social, com um cotidiano ausente de papéis ocupacionais, reconhecendo esta pessoa apenas pela sua condição de doença mental. Ressaltamos a necessidade de estudos empíricos que abordem a compreensão da escuta de vozes, com foco fenomenológico da experiência do mundo da vida das pessoas, para a compreensão do reconhecimento no cotidiano de papéis ocupacionais, como também auxiliar nas práticas terapêuticas no cuidado em saúde mental.


RESUMEN. Los profesionales de la salud todavía consideran que escuchar voces es una alucinación auditiva, una experiencia perturbadora que ocurre en condiciones de enfermedad, reconocida como un síntoma psicopatológico de alteración de la realidad. Tal posición hace que sea difícil aceptar la experiencia del oyente de voz. Sin embargo, esta postura dificulta la recepción de la persona que experimenta este fenómeno. El objetivo de este estudio fue indagar en la literatura científica sobre la experiencia y representación de escuchar voces en la expresión cotidiana. El método utilizado fue la revisión narrativa, de fuentes investigadas en revistas. Encontramos 30 artículos en portugués e inglés, de 2003 a 2018, usando las palabras clave salud mental, esquizofrenia, oyentes y la vida cotidiana. Los datos se organizaron en una hoja de cálculo temática y se analizaron con un enfoque en la narrativa del lenguaje y se presentaron descriptivamente. La literatura estudiada presenta dos tipos de representación de la escucha de voces: la caracterización y tipología de la experiencia, y como el proceso subjetivo de una experiencia biográfica. Entre los resultados, identificamos la caracterización de la experiencia de escuchar voces asociadas con experiencias traumáticas y con consecuencias en las actividades laborales, como el trabajo y la vida social, con una ausencia diaria de roles ocupacionales, reconociendo a esta persona solo por su condición de enfermedad mental. Hacemos hincapié en la necesidad de estudios empíricos que aborden la comprensión de escuchar voces, con un enfoque fenomenológico en la experiencia de las personas del mundo de la vida, para comprender el reconocimiento de los roles ocupacionales en la vida cotidiana, así como ayudar en las prácticas terapéuticas en la atención de la salud mental.


ABSTRACT. Hearing voices is still considered by health professionals as auditory hallucination, a disturbing experience that occurs in conditions of illness, recognized as a psychopathological symptom of altering reality. Such a position makes it difficult to accept the voice hearer's experience. However, this posture makes it difficult to reception the person who experiences this phenomenon. The objective of this study was to find out in the scientific literature about the experience and representation of hearing voices in everyday expression. The method used was narrative review, from sources researched in periodical. We found 30 articles in Portuguese and English, from 2003 to 2018, using the keywords mental health, schizophrenia, voice hearers and everyday life. The data were organized in a thematic spreadsheet and analyzed with a focus on the language narrative and presented descriptively. The studied literature presented two types of representation of hearing to voices: the characterization and typology of the experience, and as the subjective process of a biographical experience. Among the results, we identified the characterization of the experience of hearing voices associated with traumatic experiences and with consequences in work activities, such as work and social life, with a daily absence of occupational roles, recognizing this person only because of his condition of mental illness. We emphasize the need for empirical studies that address the understanding of hearing to voices, with a phenomenological focus on people's experience of the world of life, for an understanding of the recognition of occupational roles in everyday life, as well as assisting in therapeutic practices in mental health care.


Subject(s)
Activities of Daily Living/psychology , Mental Disorders/psychology , Schizophrenia , Mental Health , Hallucinations/psychology
4.
Braz. j. oral sci ; 22: e238271, Jan.-Dec. 2023. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1424951

ABSTRACT

Aim: This study determined whether COVID-19 fear is correlated with sociodemographic characteristics, general health, mental health, and sleep quality in an elderly Brazilians. Methods: Elderly people aged ≥ 60 years replied to an online survey containing questions about their sociodemographic characteristics; general health; levels of stress, anxiety, and depression; sleep quality; and COVID fear. Results: Data were statistically analyzed using descriptive statistics (α = 5%). In total, 705 elderly people with mean age of 66 ± 5 years, and most (82.7%) respondents were women, graduated and from southeastern Brazil. COVID-19 fear correlated positively and moderately with sleep quality and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress (all p < 0.001). It was associated with females. Elderly people from northern and northeastern Brazil and diabetics had increased COVID-19 fear (all p < 0.05). Conclusion: The fear of COVID-19 exists among Brazilian female old people, diabetics, increases anxiety and stress symptoms, and worsen sleep quality in elderly people


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Fear/psychology , COVID-19/psychology , Sleep Quality , Mental Disorders/psychology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Sociodemographic Factors
5.
Psico USF ; 27(4): 779-790, Oct.-Dec. 2022. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1422352

ABSTRACT

O impacto da pandemia de COVID-19 está mudando drasticamente a vida das pessoas. O distanciamento social representa evitar o contato durante o surto de uma doença para minimizar a exposição. Essa condição também pode contribuir para o agravamento de determinados transtornos mentais. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar em que medida características de personalidade e ansiedade social podem contribuir para uma maior dificuldade em lidar com o distanciamento social. Foram avaliados 1.120 indivíduos por meio da Escala de Ansiedade Social de Liebowitz (LSAS), marcadores da personalidade. A análise de regressão logística mostrou que neuroticismo, ansiedade social e as horas adicionais em casa revelaram-se preditores significativos de uma maior dificuldade. Conclui-se que o transtorno de ansiedade social apresenta especificidades em sua manifestação durante a pandemia. (AU)


The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has drastically changed people's lives. Social distancing means avoiding close contact with others during a contagious disease outbreak to minimize exposure. Such constraints may also contribute to the worsening of certain mental health disorders. The present study aimed to evaluate the extent to which personality features and social anxiety may contribute to greater difficulties in coping with social distancing practices. A total of 1120 individuals were assessed using the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS) and personality mini-markers to assess personality traits. Logistic regression analysis revealed that neuroticism, social anxiety, and the number of additional hours one spends at home represent significant predictors of greater difficulty. Thus, results showed that social anxiety disorder had specific presentations during the course of the COVID-19 pandemic. (AU)


El impacto de la pandemia de COVID-19 está cambiando drásticamente la vida de las personas. El distanciamiento social significa evitar el contacto cercano con otras personas durante el brote de una enfermedad contagiosa para minimizar la exposición. Esta condición también puede contribuir al empeoramiento de algunos trastornos mentales. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar en qué medida las características de personalidad y la ansiedad social pueden contribuir a una mayor dificultad para soportar el distanciamiento social. Se evaluó un total de 1120 individuos mediante la Escala de Ansiedad Social de Liebowitz (LSAS) y marcadores reducidos para evaluar la personalidad. El análisis de regresión logística mostró que el neuroticismo, la ansiedad social y el número de horas adicionales en el hogar fueron predictores significativos de mayor dificultad. Se concluye que el trastorno de ansiedad social presenta manifestaciones específicas durante la pandemia. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Anxiety , Personality , Adaptation, Psychological , Physical Distancing , COVID-19/psychology , Personality Tests , Students/psychology , Universities , Chi-Square Distribution , Surveys and Questionnaires , Regression Analysis , Sex Distribution , Phobia, Social , Educational Personnel/psychology , Neuroticism , Sociodemographic Factors , Mental Disorders/psychology
6.
Rev. med. Chile ; 150(9): 1239-1247, sept. 2022. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1431889

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 pandemic disturbed mental health of healthcare personnel. Residents of the specialization programs could be at risk, since they were reassigned in their functions. Aim: To describe the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on symptoms of depression, stress, anxiety and resilient coping in residents of Anesthesiology, Internal Medicine and Emergency Medicine MATERIAL AND METHODS: Residents were invited to answer an online survey containing the DASS-21 scale for anxiety, stress and depression symptoms and the Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS) for resilience skills. RESULTS: Fifty four out of 90 residents answered the survey. Eighteen to 24% of respondents had symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress at severe and extremely severe levels. Those with severe and extremely severe symptoms had also the lowest score on the BRCS resilience scale. We did not find an association between severity of symptoms and gender. Discussion: A proportion of respondent residents had severe psychological symptoms and lower resilience scores during the COVID-19 pandemic.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Health Personnel/psychology , Health Personnel/statistics & numerical data , Pandemics , COVID-19/psychology , COVID-19/epidemiology , Internship and Residency , Mental Disorders/psychology , Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Anxiety/psychology , Anxiety/epidemiology , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Stress, Psychological/psychology , Stress, Psychological/epidemiology , Severity of Illness Index , Surveys and Questionnaires , Depression/psychology , Depression/epidemiology , Resilience, Psychological
7.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.);27(3): 937-946, mar. 2022.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1364702

ABSTRACT

Resumo O ensaio enfatiza a reflexão psicossocial do psiquiatra martinicano Frantz Fanon. Seu pensamento tem expressão na crítica da dominação colonial e do racismo, destacando-se as obras Pele negra, máscaras brancas e Os condenados da Terra. Uma transcendência literária forja seu discurso apaixonado e libertador, relevante nas teorizações pós-coloniais e decoloniais. Crescentemente reconhecido pela discussão política do mundo diaspórico contemporâneo, suas ideias e práticas médico-sociais, precursoras na atenção à saúde mental, são menos conhecidas. Referenciado por Paulo Freire e Boaventura de Sousa Santos, Fanon releva a cultura na discussão de uma sociogênese do sofrimento mental e na crítica à inadequação da psicanálise eurocêntrica para lidar com a opressão colonial e o racismo. Fanon, embora citado por Franco Baságlia, não figurou como referência para a Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileira, mas seu pensamento descolonial e antirracista se revela, em perspectiva, uma importante contribuição para a saúde coletiva.


Abstract The essay emphasizes the psychosocial reflection of the Martinican psychiatrist Frantz Fanon. Fanon's thought is marked by criticism of colonial domination and racism, as in "Black Skin, White Masks" and "The Damned of the Earth." A literary transcendence signalizes his passionate and liberating speech, relevant in postcolonial and decolonial theories. Fanon is increasingly acknowledged for his political discussion of the diasporic contemporary world, although his medical and social ideas and practices, as precursors in mental health assistance, are less well known. Mentioned by Paulo Freire and Boaventura de Sousa Santos, Fanon stresses culture in his sociogenesis and when he criticizes the inadequacy of Eurocentric psychoanalysis to deal with colonial oppression and racism. Although he was cited by Franco Basaglia, Fanon did not feature as a benchmark in Brazilian Psychiatric Reform, though his decolonial and antiracist thought, is, when viewed in perspective, is an important contribution to Public Health.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Psychiatry , Mental Disorders/psychology , Mental Disorders/therapy , Speech , Mental Health , Public Health
8.
J. bras. psiquiatr ; J. bras. psiquiatr;71(1): 32-39, jan.-mar. 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1365065

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The relationship between mental health and contextual factors has been increasingly investigated in the scientific literature to identify elements that may configure themselves as protective. The present study aimed to identify what resources (activities, family outings, toys, material elements, and learning) were offered in the daily lives of children with mental disorders, and from this, verify whether the offer of such resources in the family was associated with areas of greatest damage relative to mental health problems. METHODS: Thirty-three caregivers of/people responsible for children between 6 and 12 years of age with most frequent diagnoses in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder seen at a general hospital participated. We used the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ ­ parents version) and Family Environment Resources Inventory (RAF). RESULTS: From a descriptive and correlational analysis, it was revealed that the more the mental health problems were present in children, the lower the family resources offer. CONCLUSIONS: The environmental resources offer proved to be protective for child development. Such findings are relevant to aid in outlining strategies for promoting mental health among children.


OBJETIVO: As relações entre saúde mental e fatores contextuais têm sido cada vez mais investigadas na literatura científica no sentido de identificar elementos que possam se configurar como protetivos. Este estudo teve por objetivo identificar quais recursos (atividades, passeios com a família, brinquedos, elementos materiais e de aprendizagem) eram oferecidos no cotidiano das crianças que apresentam transtornos mentais e, a partir disso, verificar se há associações entre a oferta de tais recursos no ambiente familiar e as áreas de maior prejuízo em relação a problemas de saúde mental. MÉTODOS: Participaram 33 cuidadores/responsáveis de/por crianças entre 6 e 12 anos de idade com diagnósticos mais frequentes de transtorno do déficit de atenção e hiperatividade e transtorno do espectro autista acompanhadas em um hospital geral. Foram utilizados: Questionário de Capacidades e Dificuldades (SDQ ­ versão pais) e Inventário de Recursos do Ambiente Familiar (RAF). RESULTADOS: A partir de uma análise descritiva e correlacional, revelou-se que quanto mais problemas de saúde mental estão presentes nas crianças, menor é a oferta de recursos no ambiente familiar. CONCLUSÃO: A oferta de recursos ambientais mostrou-se protetiva para o desenvolvimento infantil. Tais achados são relevantes para auxiliar no delineamento de estratégias para a promoção de saúde mental destinada ao público infantil.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis , Caregivers/psychology , Family Relations/psychology , Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis , Mental Disorders/psychology , Child Development , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires/standards , Protective Factors
9.
São Paulo med. j ; São Paulo med. j;140(2): 229-236, Jan.-Feb. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1366051

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: It has been estimated that 17% of individuals aged 50 years or older suffer from addiction to legal or illegal drugs. Use of alcohol and psychoactive substances has been correlated with several diseases, e.g. psychiatric conditions and cardiovascular and sexual dysfunctions. Objective: To discuss the Brazilian profile of mental and behavioral disorders caused by use of alcohol and psychoactive substances among older adults and elderly people, over the period from 2008 to 2019. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study conducted among Brazilians aged 50 years or older. METHODS: Hospitalization due to mental and behavioral disorders caused by use of alcohol and psychoactive substances was assessed through data obtained from the National Health System Department of Informatics (Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde, DATASUS). RESULTS: Decreasing and steady trends of hospitalization due to mental and behavioral disorders caused by use of alcohol among both men and women at all ages were observed. Similar trends were reported for all age ranges among men and women aged 60 years and older. In contrast, a slight increase was seen among women aged 50 to 59 years. CONCLUSION: These data are crucial for qualifying mental healthcare for older adults and elderly people and for planning mental health services.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Mental Disorders/psychology , Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Mental Health Services , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hospitalization , Middle Aged
10.
Psicol. Estud. (Online) ; 27: e48172, 2022. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1394516

ABSTRACT

RESUMO. O presente artigo analisou o estado da arte da psicopatologia do trabalho no Brasil, como objeto de pesquisa e como disciplina, a partir de revisão bibliográfica sistemática integrativa. Foi realizado levantamento em bases de dados virtuais utilizando os descritores 'psicopatologia do trabalho' e 'psicopatologia' (AND) 'trabalho'. Foram incluídos artigos disponibilizados integralmente em português publicados em revistas com revisão cega de pares contendo os descritores no título, resumo, palavras-chave e/ou corpo do texto. O conjunto final dos textos analisados se constituiu de 28 artigos publicados entre 1992 e 2019 majoritariamente em periódicos da psicologia com psicodinâmica do trabalho como referencial teórico e/ou metodológico. Foram ainda identificadas três tendências no uso do termo 'psicopatologia do trabalho' nos artigos: 1) psicopatologia do trabalho como objeto de estudo; 2) como disciplina; e 3) para debater as compreensões das relações entre trabalho e patologias e suas implicações na prática. Enquanto objeto de estudo, as relações entre trabalho e doença mental são negligenciadas. Como disciplina, identificaram-se imprecisões que flexibilizam ou ignoram os limites entre psicopatologia e psicodinâmica do trabalho. Ambas as tendências da literatura podem estar relacionadas com a desconsideração de fatores históricos na determinação da construção dos campos de estudo.


RESUMEN. El presente artículo analizó el estado del arte de la Psicopatología del Trabajo en Brasil, como objeto de investigación y como disciplina, a partir de revisión bibliográfica sistemática integrativa. Se realizó un levantamiento en bases de datos virtuales utilizando los descriptores 'psicopatología del trabajo' y 'psicopatología' (AND) 'trabajo'. Se incluyeron artículos disponibles integralmente en portugués publicados en revistas con revisión ciega de pares conteniendo los descriptores en el título, resumen, palabras clave y/o cuerpo del texto. El conjunto final de textos analizados se constituyó de 28 artículos publicados entre 1992 y 2019 mayoritariamente en periódicos de Psicología con Psicodinámica del Trabajo como referencial teórico y/o metodológico. Se identificaron tres tendencias en el uso del término 'psicopatología del trabajo' en los artículos: 1) psicopatología del trabajo como objeto de estudio; 2) como disciplina; y 3) para debatir las comprensiones de las relaciones entre trabajo y patologías y sus implicaciones en la práctica. En cuanto objeto de estudio, las relaciones entre el trabajo y la enfermedad mental son poco estudiadas. Como disciplina, se identificaron imprecisiones que flexibilizan o ignoran los límites entre Psicopatología y Psicodinámica del Trabajo. Ambas tendencias de la literatura pueden estar relacionadas con la desconsideración de factores históricos en la determinación de la construcción de los campos de estudio.


ABSTRACT. This article analyzed the state of the art of psychopathology of work in Brazil, as an object of study and as a subject, by performing an integrative systematic literature review. A search was conducted in virtual databases using the descriptors 'psychopathology of work' and 'psychopathology' (AND) 'work'. We included articles available in full in Portuguese, published in blind peer-reviewed journals containing the descriptors in the title, abstract, keywords and/or body of the text. The final set of texts consisted of 28 articles published between 1992 and 2019, mostly in psychology journals using psychodynamics of work as theoretical and/or methodological reference. Three trends were also identified in the use of the term 'psychopathology of work' in the articles: 1) psychopathology of work as an object of study; 2) as a subject; and 3) to discuss the understandings of the relationships between work and pathologies and their practical implications. As an object of study, the relationship between work and mental illness is neglected. As a subject, inaccuracies that flexibilize or ignore the limits between psychopathology of work and psychodynamics of work were identified. Both trends in the literature may be related to the lack of reflections that consider the Brazilian context to understand the relations between work and pathology.


Subject(s)
Psychopathology/statistics & numerical data , Work/statistics & numerical data , Mental Health , Psychological Distress , Mental Disorders/diagnosis , Mental Disorders/psychology
11.
Poiesis ; 43(Jul. - Dic.): 31-36, 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1427832

ABSTRACT

El presente texto busca resaltar la relevancia que tiene para el psicólogo educativo los problemas y trastornos sociales, psicopedagógicos y de salud ocasionados por el uso de las TIC, y la manera cómo pueden ser detectados e intervenidos para evitar el desarrollo de adicciones y demás trastornos físicos, psicológicos y emocionales que pueden derivarse de los mismos. Al tener mayor claridad sobre los trastornos sociales genera-dos por las TIC, entenderemos mejor todos los fenómenos sociales y psicólogos educativos, comprendiendo que el concepto de trastorno se refiere a una entidad clínica, médica o psicosocial establecida por las ciencias de la salud y psicopatología. Nuestro papel es encontrar un punto medio entre la necesidad de mantenernos conectados e informados en estos tiempos de aislamiento social y el abuso desmedido que genera una adicción con todas sus consecuencias para la salud física, mental y emocional


This text seeks to highlight the relevance that social, psychopedagogical and health problems and disorders caused using ICT have for the educational psychologist, and the way in which they can be detected and intervened to avoid the development of addictions and other physical disorders, psychological and emotional that can be derived from them. By having greater clarity of the social disorders generated by ICT, we will better comprehend all social phenomena as educational psychologists, understanding very well the concept of disorder that refers to a clinical, medical, or psychosocial entity established by the health sciences and psychopathology. Our role is to find a middle ground between the need to stay connected and informed in these times of social isolation and the excessive abuse that an addiction generates with all its consequences for physical, mental, and emotional health


Subject(s)
Humans , Internet Addiction Disorder/psychology , Psychology, Educational , COVID-19/psychology , Mental Disorders/psychology
12.
Horiz. enferm ; 33(3): 300-312, 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1411523

ABSTRACT

AIM: To identify the effect of the domestic on the depression of nurses in a public hospital in Mexico City. BACKGROUND: Domestic work performed mainly by women coupled with the demands of work is associated with the possibility of developing mental disorders, especially depression. INTRODUCTION: Working conditions have an impact on the physical and mental health of nurses. Participation in domestic activities adds to wear and tear on workers. METHODS: The research had a cross-sectional design with a random sample of 329 nurses from a third-level hospital in Mexico City. Occupational stress and domestic work were evaluated with nursing Stress Scale questionnaires and the Individual Worker Health Survey (PROESSAT). The DASS-21 subscale was used for depression. The associations were analyzed using logistic regression models. RESULTS: The probability of suffering from depression was 7 times higher for women engaged in domestic work. Experiencing death, lack of support and having an additional job increased their association. DISCUSSION: The work-family conflict, as well as lack of support, is associated with depressive symptoms in nurses. CONCLUSION: There is a need to implement strategic programs that provide nurses with tools to deal with work-family conflict reconciliation. It is necessary to offer more favorable working conditions in the practice of nursing.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Women/psychology , Occupational Stress/nursing , Mental Disorders/psychology , Nurses/psychology , Disease/psychology , Family Relations/psychology , Hospitals, Public , Mexico
13.
Cad. psicol. soc. trab ; 24(2): 217-233, jul.-dez. 2021. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1356012

ABSTRACT

Este artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre o processo de reabilitação de adoecimento mental relacionado ao trabalho por meio da reconstituição do Itinerário Terapêutico de uma trabalhadora, evidenciando a importância dos serviços públicos de saúde. Mesmo diante do expressivo aumento dos casos de adoecimento mental e das evidências de relação com as condições e formas de organização do trabalho, raramente as situações laborais são consideradas nas avaliações dos serviços de saúde. Mesmo com o atual contexto de desmonte da saúde pública, existem exemplos de atuações exitosas, como a que discutimos aqui. Por meio de entrevista semidirigida com uma trabalhadora e construção do Itinerário Terapêutico, buscou-se compreender seu processo de adoecimento mental, a relação com o trabalho e o percurso de reabilitação. Os resultados demonstram a importância do entendimento do trabalho como determinante de saúde, da elaboração de projetos terapêuticos singulares e da atenção integral, revelando que a articulação em rede, o estabelecimento de vínculo e a busca pelo protagonismo do usuário são essenciais na atenção à saúde mental relacionada ao trabalho.


This article presents a reflection on the process of rehabilitation of work-related mental illness through the reconstitution of a worker's Therapeutic Itinerary, highlighting the importance of public health services. Even in the face of significant increase in cases of mental illness and evidence of a relationship with the conditions and forms of work organization, work situations are rarely considered in the assessments of health services. However, despite the current context of dismantling the public health system, there are examples of successful actions, such as the one we discussed here. Through a semi-directed interview with a worker and construction of the Therapeutic Itinerary, we sought to understand her mental illness process, the relationship with work and the path of rehabilitation. The results demonstrate the importance of understanding work as determinant of health, the development of unique therapeutic projects and comprehensive care, revealing that networking, establishing a bond and seeking the protagonism of the user are essential in work-related mental health care.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Mental Health , Occupational Health , Therapeutic Itinerary , Mental Disorders/rehabilitation , Qualitative Research , Public Health Services , Mental Disorders/psychology
14.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 149(10): 1473-1484, oct. 2021. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1389375

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Early adverse stress is a risk factor for the appearance of mental health ailments during adulthood. AIM: To systematically review treatment outcomes on mental health symptoms and functional domains, and of interventions aimed at treating adults with depressive disorders and early adverse stress (EAS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Systematic review and meta-analysis including experimental and quasi-experimental published studies indexed in the CINAHL, EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science databases, which explored the effectiveness of treatment interventions for depressive disorders in adults exposed to EAS. Data on outcomes was extracted from the included studies. A narrative, qualitative approach or a quality-effects model for meta-analysis were used for synthesizing these data. RESULTS: Thirteen studies were included. Psychological or combined treatment interventions for depression in adults exposed to EAS may be effective in reducing trauma-related symptoms and social dysfunction in the short-and mid-term, with small effect size and without substantive heterogeneity. The assessment of anxiety symptoms and health-related quality of life yielded mixed results. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the ubiquity of EAS and its adverse and long-lasting consequences for well-being and health, treatment alternatives are scant. This review suggests that there are treatment interventions for depression in adults exposed to EAS that may achieve integral mental health benefits, alleviating its impact on various symptoms and functional domains, when EAS is explicitly considered in the treatment intervention.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Quality of Life , Mental Disorders/psychology , Anxiety , Mental Health , Treatment Outcome
15.
Rev. ANACEM (Impresa) ; 15(1): 63-71, 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1281434

ABSTRACT

La literatura ha estudiado los efectos de anteriores epidemias en la salud mental de la población. En el contexto de la actual pandemia COVID-19, resulta de interés estudiar lo publicado referente a esta temática, considerando que, a diferencia de epidemias recientes, la actual se ha presentado a nivel mundial, con mayores cifras de contagio y mortalidad, con períodos de restricciones sociales más prolongados, alterando diversas dimensiones en la vida de la población. Las distintas implicaciones de la pandemia COVID-19 en la salud mental y las enfermedades psiquiátricas se recopilaron, de forma general, mediante la literatura publicada en PubMed durante los primeros meses de pandemia. La literatura evidencia que la actual pandemia ha influido negativamente en diversas dimensiones de la salud mental de la población general y específicas. Otras implicaciones revisadas son: abuso de alcohol y drogas, reacciones de duelo, agravamiento de trastornos mentales previos, y el rol e importancia de las redes sociales, servicios de salud mental y telepsiquiatría, entre otros.


The literature has studied the effects of previous epidemics on the mental health of the population. In the context of the current COVID-19 pandemic, it is of interest to study what has been published regarding this issue, considering that unlike recent epidemics, the current one has occurred worldwide, with higher numbers of contagion and mortality, with periods of longer social restrictions, altering various dimensions in the life of the population. The different implications of the COVID-19 pandemic with mental health and psychiatric diseases were collected in a general form, using the literature published in PubMed during the first months of the pandemic. The literature shows that the current pandemic has negatively influenced various dimensions of mental health in the general and specific population. Other implications reviewed are: alcohol and drugs, grief, patients with previous mental disorders, social networks, mental health services, telepsychiatry, among others.


Subject(s)
Humans , Mental Health , Pandemics , COVID-19 , Mental Disorders/psychology , Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Anxiety/etiology , Anxiety/epidemiology , Sleep Wake Disorders , Stress, Psychological , Depression/epidemiology , Social Networking , Mental Health Services
16.
Psicol. soc. (Online) ; 33: e242180, 2021.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1356637

ABSTRACT

Resumo Este artigo visa a compreender os projetos de vida formulados por pessoas com experiência de sofrimento psíquico grave e uso abusivo de álcool e outras drogas em processo de desinstitucionalização em saúde mental. Para tal, foi desenvolvido um estudo etnográfico, com finalidade de identificar interações entre operadores de desinstitucionalização, que podem ser entendidos como processos, dinâmicas ou ações que atuam sobre o cotidiano e a inserção social desses sujeitos. Pôde-se verificar que a tessitura desses projetos em direção ao futuro se apresenta como um trabalho de cuidado de si nos termos foucaultianos, em que são manejadas diversas acepções sobre a saúde, tal como concebidas por Fassin (2000).


Resumen El artículo tiene como objetivo comprender los proyectos de vida formulados por personas con experiencia de malestar psicológico severo y abuso de alcohol y otras drogas en el proceso de desinstitucionalización en salud mental. Se desarrolló un estudio etnográfico con el objetivo de identificar interacciones entre operadores de desinstitucionalización, que pueden entenderse como procesos, dinámicas o acciones que actúan sobre la vida cotidiana y la inserción social de estos sujetos. Se pudo comprobar que el tejido de estos proyectos hacia el futuro se presenta como un trabajo de cuidado de sí mismo en los términos foucaultianos, en el que se manejan diferentes significados sobre la salud, tal como lo concibe Fassin (2000).


Abstract This article aims to understand life projects formulated by people with experience of severe psychological distress and abuse of alcohol and other drugs in the process of deinstitutionalization in mental health. To this end, an ethnographic study was developed with the aim of identifying interactions between deinstitutionalization operators, which can be understood as processes, dynamics or actions that act on the daily lives and social insertion of these subjects. We observed that the weaving of these projects towards the future is presented as a work of care of the self in Foucaultian terms, in which different meanings about health are handled, as conceived by Fassin (2000).


Subject(s)
Humans , Risk Groups , Deinstitutionalization , Mental Disorders/psychology , Mental Health Services , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Social Stigma
17.
Cuestiones infanc ; 22(2): 73-87, 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1363906

ABSTRACT

La pandemia COVID-19 trastocó abruptamente lo cotidiano frente a la medida de aislamiento social preventivo y obligatorio. La relación con familiares y amigos, las actividades laborales, así como también las educativas, se llevaron a cabo por todo tipo de aplicación de celular y plataforma virtual. La práctica psicoanalítica de consultorio privado no fue la excepción. En este artículo invito a reflexionar cómo la pandemia y las consecuentes medidas sanitarias adoptadas, en tanto variables inevitables para preservar la salud e intervinientes en el contexto actual, se pusieron en juego en la clínica psicoanalítica con niños con patología grave. A través de una viñeta clínica del tratamiento de una niña (que al momento de la consulta venía estructurando su psiquismo con una modalidad de funcionamiento de tipo simbiótico), me enfocaré en nuestro lugar como analistas, tanto ética como técnicamente, en el escenario que la realidad nos impuso con la llegada del COVID-19 al mundo(AU)


The COVID-19 pandemic abruptly disrupted a daily basis facing the measure of mandatory social isolation. The relationship with family relatives and friends, the labor activities, as well as educational, were carried out by all kinds of mobile apps and virtual platforms. The psychoanalytic practice of private consulting was not an exception. Throughout this article I invite you to ponder over how the pandemic and its consequent sanitary measurements adopted, meanwhile inevitable variables to preserve the health and intervening parties on the current context, compromised the clinic with children with serious pathologies. Across the clinic vignette of the psychoanalytic treatment, a girl at the moment of the session has been structuring her psychism with a symbiotic functioning modality, I will make my effort to focus as an analyst, not only ethic but technically, on the scenery that the reality has compelled us with the arrival of the COVID19 to the world(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Psychoanalytic Therapy , COVID-19/psychology , Mental Disorders/therapy , Argentina , Psychoanalytic Theory , Transference, Psychology , Mental Disorders/psychology
18.
Psicol. Estud. (Online) ; 26: e44059, 2021.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1346771

ABSTRACT

RESUMO. O artigo busca apresentar considerações sobre a saúde mental de trabalhadoras como tema em produções acadêmicas brasileiras (2000-2016), de modo a potencializar contribuições ao debate de gênero no âmbito das relações de trabalho e do adoecimento. Para tanto, fizemos um levantamento da produção acadêmica brasileira, publicada de 2000 a 2016 e disponível na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde - Brasil (BVS), sobre a temática saúde da trabalhadora. Do universo total de artigos localizados e analisados ao longo da pesquisa, a saúde mental foi foco de um número considerável de estudos, os quais evidenciaram, de modo geral, a relação entre a divisão sexual do trabalho e a prevalência do adoecimento de mulheres em diferentes contextos laborais. Na direção do debate proposto, 14 artigos foram selecionados pelo fato de relacionarem o tema da saúde mental a contextos profissionais produzidos como territórios femininos/masculinos de atuação e, sobretudo, por possibilitarem problematizar a desigualdade de gênero como base da divisão sexual do trabalho e da prevalência do adoecimento mental de trabalhadoras.


RESUMEN. El artículo busca presentar consideraciones sobre la salud mental de trabajadoras como tema en producciones académicas brasileñas (2000-2016), de modo a potenciar contribuciones al debate de género en el ámbito de las relaciones de trabajo y de la enfermedad. Para ello, realizamos un mapeo de la producción académica brasileña, publicada del período 2000 a 2016, disponible en la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud - Brasil (BVS), sobre la temática salud de la trabajadora. En el universo total de artículos localizados y analizados a lo largo de la investigación, la salud mental ha sido foco de un número considerable de estudios, que evidenciaron, en general, la relación entre la división sexual del trabajo y la prevalencia de la enfermedad de las mujeres en distintos contextos laborales. En la dirección del debate propuesto, 14 artículos han sido seleccionados por el hecho de relacionar el tema de la salud mental a contextos profesionales producidos como territorios femeninos/masculinos de actuación y, sobre todo, por posibilitaren problematizar la desigualdad de género como base de la división sexual del trabajo y de la prevalencia de la enfermedad mental de las trabajadoras.


ABSTRACT. The article sough to analyze considerations on the mental health of women workers as a theme in the Brazilian academic productions (2000-2016), in order to enhance contributions to the gender debate in the context of work relations and illness. Therefore, we performed a mapping of the Brazilian academic literature published from 2000 to 2016, available on the Virtual Health Library - Brazil, on the subject of woman worker health. From the total universe of articles located and analyzed throughout the research, mental health was the focus of a considerable number of studies, which showed, in general, the relationship between the sexual division of labor and the prevalence of illness among women in different contexts. In the direction of the proposed debate, 14 articles were selected because they relate the topic of mental health to professional contexts produced as female/male territories in which they operate and, above all, because they made it possible to problematize gender inequality as the basis of the sexual division of labor and prevalence of mental illness of women workers.


Subject(s)
Women, Working/psychology , Mental Health , Work , Occupational Health , Women's Health , Occupational Stress/psychology , Mental Disorders/psychology
19.
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1287499

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze caries experience depending on periodontitis affection concomitant or not with cardiovascular risks or mental health issues with the hypothesis that worse accumulated caries experience is not necessarily the result of the presence of concomitant overall health issues. Material and Methods: All subjects of this cross-sectional study were participants of the Dental Registry and DNA Repository project. Variables age, ethnicity, sex, caries experience, periodontitis and mental disease statuses and blood pressure assessment, dental clinical data (DMFT, DMFS and periodontitis) were evaluated and collected from the clinical records. We used chi-square, Fisher's exact, or Student's t-tests to determine differences in frequencies of sex, age, ethnicity, and dental clinical data depending on caries experience, periodontitis, mental health status, and cardiovascular risks. The established alpha was 5%. Results: Of the total 1,437 subjects included in this study, 407 were individuals with high blood pressure and 1,030 were individuals without high blood pressure. Also, 558 were individuals with mental disease and 879 were individuals without mental disease. High blood pressure patients were mostly men (47.17%) and women were the majority when analyzing patients with mental illness (60.04%). Most of the patients in the different groups were white, with a mean age ranging from 15.4 to 88 years. Conclusion: We concluded that caries experience concomitant or not with periodontitis affection does not associate with high blood pressure and mental disease.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Periodontitis/pathology , Oral Health/education , Dental Caries/prevention & control , Mental Disorders/psychology , Brazil/epidemiology , Chi-Square Distribution , DMF Index , Medical Records , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Data Interpretation, Statistical
20.
Rev. bras. educ. méd ; 45(3): e177, 2021.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1288311

ABSTRACT

Resumo: Introdução: O curso de Medicina é conhecido pela alta prevalência de estudantes diagnosticados com algum tipo de transtorno mental. O ingresso e a formação no curso são marcados por inúmeras modificações no estilo de vida que podem influenciar a saúde mental do indivíduo. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivos compreender como se sentem os alunos de Medicina que relatam fazer acompanhamento psiquiátrico por transtorno mental e também identificar aspectos que influenciam o problema mental deles. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa desenvolvida por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, guiadas por um roteiro de perguntas abertas que abordaram temáticas preestabelecidas de acordo com o objetivo da pesquisa. A seleção dos sujeitos se deu por meio da técnica bola de neve, em que o primeiro participante foi convidado a indicar outro aluno e assim sucessivamente, formando uma cadeia de referência. Os critérios de inclusão foram os seguintes: ser estudante de Medicina, estar em acompanhamento psiquiátrico e concordar em participar espontaneamente da pesquisa. As entrevistas foram audiogravadas, transcritas na íntegra e convertidas em narrativas para posterior categorização e análise do conteúdo. Resultado: Analisaram-se sete entrevistas, nas quais as experiências relatadas apontaram para sofrimentos mentais potencializados ao longo do curso. O recebimento do diagnóstico de transtorno mental e a realização de acompanhamento psiquiátrico e psicológico foram descritos como momentos de alívio e de maior compreensão individual. Contudo, o preconceito dos próprios estudantes quanto aos problemas mentais e a constatação desse estigma em seu entorno foram percebidos como causa para se postergar a busca por ajuda. Conclusão: Percebeu-se, por meio das experiências dos alunos de Medicina diante do sofrimento mental, o quanto o estigma é presente mesmo em um curso em que se esperam maior conhecimento e abertura sobre o tema, sendo esse um desafio a ser superado.


Abstract: Introduction: Medical school is renowned for a high prevalence of mental disorder diagnoses among students. Admission and training are marked by countless lifestyle changes that can influence the mental health of the individual. Objective: To understand how medicine students who report psychiatric care feel, and also to identify aspects that influence their own mental problem. Methods: This study is a qualitative research developed from semi-structured and audio-taped interviews. Participants were selected through the snowball technique, in which the first participant was invited to recommend another student and so on, building a chain of reference. The inclusion criteria were: to be a medical student; to attend psychiatric care and to voluntarily accept participation. The audio-recorded material was fully transcribed and converted into narratives for subsequent categorization and content analysis. Results: Seven interviews were analyzed, and the experiences reported pointed to mental suffering that accentuated throughout the medical course. Receiving the diagnosis of mental disorder and undergoing psychiatric and psychological care were described as moments of relief and greater self-understanding. However, the students' own prejudices about mental problems and the perception of this stigma in their surroundings were recognized as a reason for not seeking help earlier. Conclusion: The experiences of medical students who face mental suffering shed light on the degree of stigma even among students of a course in which greater knowledge and openness regarding the subject are expected. This remains a challenge to be overcome.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Students, Medical/psychology , Mental Disorders/psychology , Self Report , Guilt
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL