Diagnóstico de conjuntivite adenoviral pelo RPS Adenodetector® / Adenovirus conjunctivitis diagnosis using RPS Adenodetector®

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a utilização do RPS Adenodetector®, como método diagnóstico de pacientes com quadro clínico de conjuntivite adenoviral. MÉTODOS: Análise de série de casos consecutivos de pacientes com diagnóstico clínico de ceratoconjuntivite adenoviral submetidos comparativamente ao teste RPS Adenodetector® e a raspado conjuntival para cultura de vírus. RESULTADOS: Dos 11 pacientes avaliados, 10 pacientes apresentavam acometimento unilateral. Em relação ao tempo de início dos sintomas no momento da colheita, 5 (45,5 por cento) pacientes apresentavam dois dias de história, 5 (45,5 por cento) apresentavam três dias e 1 (9,1 por cento) apresentava 7 dias. A cultura para adenovírus foi positiva em 8 pacientes (73 por cento) e o RPS Adenodetector® foi positivo em 9 pacientes (82 por cento). Oito pacientes apresentaram o teste rápido e cultura positiva. Um paciente apresentou teste RPS Adenodetector® positivo com cultura negativa. Os dois pacientes com teste RPS Adenodetector® negativo apresentaram cultura negativa. O RPS Adenodetector® mostrou sensibilidade de 100 por cento e especificidade de 67 por cento adotando-se a cultura de vírus como exame padrão-ouro para o diagnóstico de conjuntivite adenoviral. CONCLUSÃO: O RPS Adenodetector® foi útil para o diagnóstico de conjuntivite adenoviral e pode auxiliar na orientação do paciente quanto ao contágio e disseminação da doença.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the RPS Adenodetector®, a rapid immunochromatographic test, in the diagnosis of patients with clinical overt adenoviral conjunctivitis. METHODS: Consecutive case series. Patients underwent conjunctiva scraping for RPS Adenodetector® test and culture to identify adenovirus. RESULTS: A total of 11 patients were studied, and 10 had unilateral disease. Five (45.5 percent) had symptoms for 2 days, 5 for three days, and 1 for 7 days. Adenovirus culture was positive in 8 patients (73 percent) and RPS Adenodetector® was positive in 9 (82 percent) patients. Eight patients had adenovirus identification by both methods. In one patient the RPS Adenodetector® was positive in contrast to a negative culture. The two patients revealing negative RPS Adenodetector® results also had negative cultures. The sensitivity was 100 percent and the specificity was 67 percent. CONCLUSION: The RPS Adenodetector® is a useful tool in the rapid diagnosis of adenovirus conjunctivitis and may contribute to the spread control of this highly contagious disease.

Occurrence of influenza B/Hong Kong-Like strains in Brazil, during 2002

Through the influenza virus surveillance from January to October 2002, influenza B/Hong Kong-like strains circulating in the Southeast and Centre East regions of Brazil have been demonstrated. This strain is a variant from B/Victoria/02/88 whose since 1991 and until recently have been isolated relatively infrequently and have been limited to South-Eastern Asia. A total of 510 respiratory secretions were collected from patients 0 to 60 years of age, with acute respiratory illness, living in the Southeast and Centre East regions of Brazil, of which 86 (17.13 percent) were positive for influenza virus. Among them 12 (13.95 percent) were characterized as B/Hong Kong/330/2001; 3 (3.49 percent) as B/Hong Kong/1351/2002 a variant from B/Hong Kong/330/2001; 1 (1.16 percent) as B/Sichuan/379/99; 1 (1.16 percent) as B/Shizuoka/5/2001, until now. The percentages of cases notified during the surveillance period were 34.88 percent, 15.12 percent, 15.12 percent, 4.65 percent, 15.12 percent, 13.95 percent, in the age groups of 0-4, 5-10, 11-15, 16-20, 21-30, 31-50, respectively. The highest proportion of isolates was observed among children younger than 4 years but serious morbidity and mortality has not been observed among people older than 65 years, although B influenza virus component for vaccination campaign 2002 was B/Sichuan/379/99 strain. This was probably due to the elderly protection acquired against B/Victoria/02/88. In addition, in influenza A/Panama/2007/99-like (H3N2) strains 22 (25.58 percent) were also detected, but influenza A(H1N1) has not been detected yet

Outbreak of influenza type A (H1N1) in Iporanga, Säo Paulo State, Brazil

From June to July 1999 an outbreak of acute respiratory illness occurred in the town of Iporanga. Out of a total of 4,837 inhabitants, 324 cases were notified to the Regional Surveillance Service. Influenza virus was isolated from 57.1 percent of the collected samples and 100 percent seroconversion to influenza A (H1N1) was obtained in 20 paired sera tested. The isolates were related to the A/Bayern/07/95 strain (H1N1). The percentages of cases notified during the outbreak were 28.4 percent, 29.0 percent, 20.7 percent, 6.2 percent and 15.7 percent in the age groups of 0-4, 5-9, 10-14, 15-19 and older than 20 years, respectively. The highest proportion of positives was observed among children younger than 14 years and no cases were notified in people older than 65 years, none of whom had been recently vaccinated against influenza. These findings suggest a significant vaccine protection against A/Bayern/7/95, the H1 component included in the 1997-98 influenza vaccine for elderly people. This viral strain is antigenically and genetically related to A/Beijing/262/95, the H1 component of the 1999 vaccine. Vaccines containing A/Beijing/262/95 (H1N1) stimulated post-immunization hemagglutination inhibition antibodies equivalent in frequency and titre to both A/Beijing/262/95-like and A/Bayern/7/95-like viruses. Thus, this investigation demonstrates the effectiveness of vaccination against influenza virus in the elderly