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AIM: To observe the effect of Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation intravitreal bevacizumab in the treatment of neovascular glaucoma ( NVG) . METHODS:Twenty-two cases (22 eyes) who presented with NVG were first treated with intravitreal bevacizumab 0. 1mL ( 2. 5mg ), then with Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation after regression of iris neovessels. Cases were followed - up for 6 - 36 ( mean 24 ) mo with observation on visual acuity, IOP control, regression of iris neovessels, and complications during or after surgery. RESULTS: Iris neovessels was regressed in different degree after injection within 1wk in 22 eyes. At final follow-up, the IOP of 18 eyes were all less than 21mmHg without any drugs and of 3 eyes with 1-3 kinds of anti-glaucoma drugs after combined Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation. The IOP of one eye was controlled after cryotherapy. The mean IOP dropped from 45. 36 ±8.13mmHg preoperatively to 15. 59 ± 3. 21mmHg postoperatively. IOP reduction was statistically significance between preoperative and postoperative ( P CONCLUSION: Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation and intravitreal bevacizumab in the treatment of NVG is useful and safe. It improves the success rate of surgery and preserves visual function, furthermore its complications are less.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinicopathologic features, immunophenotype, differential diagnosis and prognosis of uterine epithelioid trophoblastic tumor(ETT).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From 2000 to 2007, 5 ETTs cases were diagnosed in the affiliated Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University. The pathologic characteristics and immunophenotype of the tumors were analyzed by histological examination and immunohistochemistry of CK18, p63, inhibin-alpha, HCG, HPL, PLAP and Ki-67. The clinical prognostic factors were evaluated based on a following-up data with a period of 11 - 50 months.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The overall prevalence of ETT was 0.48% among all the gestational trophoblastic diseases patients received in the same period. Five ETT patients were in the reproductive ages with a median of 33 years. Histologically, the tumor showed an invasive, nodular growth consisting of uniform mononuclear trophoblastic cells. There were zones of hyaline material in the tumour nests. Necrosis was commonly seen with a characteristic geographic pattern. Immunohistochemically, all cases displayed a diffuse CK18 and p63 positivity, to be either positive focally or negative for HCG, HPL and PLAP staining. Inhibin-alpha staining was positive or negative either in the 5 cases. Two patients died of the tumour relapse: one died after 1 year with the tumor having a high mitotic activity (averagely 15 mitotic figures per 10 high-power fields), and the other died of lung metastasis 2 years after the diagnosis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>ETT is a rare trophoblastic disease with distinct clinicopathological features and immunostaining patterns. A high mitotic index and lung metastasis are indicators for an unfavorable prognosis.</p>
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Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Embarazo , Fosfatasa Alcalina , Metabolismo , Quimioterapia Adyuvante , Gonadotropina Coriónica , Metabolismo , Células Epitelioides , Patología , Estudios de Seguimiento , Proteínas Ligadas a GPI , Metabolismo , Histerectomía , Inhibinas , Metabolismo , Isoenzimas , Metabolismo , Queratina-18 , Metabolismo , Antígeno Ki-67 , Metabolismo , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Proteínas de la Membrana , Metabolismo , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia , Lactógeno Placentario , Metabolismo , Neoplasias Trofoblásticas , Quimioterapia , Metabolismo , Patología , Cirugía General , Neoplasias Uterinas , Quimioterapia , Metabolismo , Patología , Cirugía GeneralRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify the differentially expressed proteins or peptides and potential biomarkers of tumorigenesis for colorectal cancers.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Immobilized pH gradient two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) was used to separate and obtain the differentially expressed protein spots between colorectal cancers and matched normal mucosa. Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to characterize these proteins. Selected candidate proteins were further studied by Western blot, semi-quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Thirty-five protein spots showed marked expression changes (more than 5-fold) in colorectal carcinoma compared to normal mucosa. Fifteen proteins were up regulated and 20 were down regulated. Fourteen of these proteins were identified by tandem mass spectrometry, among which secretagogin (SCGN) was down-regulated and glucose-related protein (GRP) 78 was up-regulated in the tumors. The SCGN down-regulation was further supported by Western blot and RT-PCR analyses. Immunohistochemistry revealed that SCGN was strongly expressed in neuroendocrine cells of the colonic crypts and 53 of 54 (98%) neuroendocrine tumors. At protein level, although GRP78 was up regulated in colorectal carcinoma, there was no difference in the mRNA expression level between the tumor and paired normal mucosa.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The 2-DE combined with MS is a powerful tool for screening potential tumor biomarkers. The differentially expressed candidate proteins identified by 2-DE may be of significance in understanding the tumorigenesis of the colon cancer. SCGN is a potential biomarker for neuroendocrinal differentiation. GRP78 up-regulation in colorectal carcinomas may be related to its post-translational modification.</p>
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Humanos , Biomarcadores de Tumor , Genética , Metabolismo , Proteínas de Unión al Calcio , Genética , Metabolismo , Neoplasias Colorrectales , Metabolismo , Electroforesis en Gel Bidimensional , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Métodos , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Proteínas de Choque Térmico , Genética , Metabolismo , Inmunohistoquímica , Chaperonas Moleculares , Genética , Metabolismo , Células Neuroendocrinas , Metabolismo , Tumores Neuroendocrinos , Metabolismo , Proteómica , Métodos , ARN Mensajero , Metabolismo , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , SecretagoginasRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate whether the polymorphisms of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and -9 (MMP-9) promoters contribute to the development and progression of colorectal cancer in Chinese population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>the PCR-based denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography or PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique respectively was applied to analyze the MMP-2 -1306C/T and MMP-9 -1562C/T polymorphisms in normal group (126 individuals) and colorectal cancer group (126 cases). Genotype frequencies were compared between patients and matched controls, and the association of genotypes with clinical-pathological parameters was studied.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The frequency of the CC genotype in the MMP-2 gene polymorphism was significantly increased in colorectal cancer patients when compared with controls (P<0.05), and individuals with the CC genotype had an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer compared to those with CT+TT genotypes (OR: 1.959; 95%CI: 1.055-3.637). Significant correlation was found between the depth of tumor invasion and MMP-2 -1306C/T polymorphism in colorectal cancer patients. However, the genotype frequencies of MMP-9 -1562C/T in colorectal cancer patients were similar to those in control subjects.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our results indicate that MMP-2 -1306 C/T polymorphism may be associated with genetic susceptibility to colorectal cancer and the invasive capability of colorectal cancer in Chinese patients. And it is easier for the CC genotype cancer to invade through bowel wall.</p>
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Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pueblo Asiatico , Genética , Neoplasias Colorrectales , Genética , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Metaloproteinasa 2 de la Matriz , Genética , Metaloproteinasa 9 de la Matriz , Genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Estadística como AsuntoRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To describe the fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) features of various salivary gland lesions and to analyze the respective diagnostic value and pitfalls.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>113 FNAC specimens of salivary gland lesions were reviewed and correlated with clinical and histopathologic findings.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The FNAC diagnostic failure (2); non-neoplastic lesions (12); benign neoplasm (82) and malignant neoplasm (17). Cytologically, the distinction between cellular pleomorphic adenoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma and basal cell adenoma could be difficult due to their overlapping morphologic features. The cytologic patterns of primary lymphoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid were indistinguishable from those of metastatic nasopharyngeal undifferentiated carcinoma. The ultimate distinction relied on clinical correlation. The three inaccurately diagnosed cases of FNAC are, as follows: reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of lymph node mistaken as non-Hodgkin lymphoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma diagnosed as "scanty atypical cells present" and primary lymphoepithelial carcinoma mistaken as benign lymphoepithelial lesion. On the basis of FNAC, 97.4% (110 /113) were correctly depicted as benign (95/96; 99.0%) or malignant (15/17; 88.2%). Furthermore, 90.3% (102 /113) (specificity = 91.9%; 102/111) were accurately diagnosed, including 91.7% (88/96) benign lesions (specificity = 92.6% ; 88/95) and 82.4% (14/17) malignant tumors (specificity = 87.5%; 14/16).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>FNAC is reliable in distinguishing benign and malignant salivary gland lesions. A specific cytologic diagnosis is often possible. On the other hand, due to the pitfalls in cytologic diagnosis of certain salivary gland tumors, tissue biopsy for histologic examination may be necessary.</p>
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Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adenolinfoma , Patología , Adenoma , Patología , Adenoma Pleomórfico , Patología , Biopsia con Aguja Fina , Carcinoma Adenoide Quístico , Patología , Carcinoma Mucoepidermoide , Patología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Patología , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Errores Diagnósticos , Neoplasias de la Parótida , Patología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Salivales , Patología , Glándulas Salivales , Patología , Neoplasias de la Glándula Submandibular , PatologíaRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect the germline polymorphic variations of Bat26 in Chinese and its significance in microsatellite instability (MSI) study of gastric cancers.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Bat26 was analyzed by PCR-based denatured polyacrymide gel electrophoresis-silver stain method in peripheral blood from 389 healthy people and 34 gastric cancers with matched normal mucosa. Eleven other microsatellite loci were also detected for gastric cancers.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>(1) No Bat26 variations were identified in 423 genomic DNA from peripheral blood or normal mucosa by polyacrymide gel electrophoresis. (2) Two MSI-H cancers, oth Bat26+, were detected in 34 cases of gastric cancer. The alterations of Bat26 and MSI-H status were identical (P<0.05). (3) Compared with those of RER-cancers, MSI-H (RER+)cancers showed more obvious infiltration of intraepithelial lymphocytes and peri-tumoral lymphocytes, and more pushing borders (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>(1) The germline polymorphisms of Bat26 in Chinese people are quasimonomorphic. Thus, no matched genomic DNA is needed while Bat26 was selected for tumor MSI analysis. (2) Bat26 is an independent indicator of MSI-H gastric cancers with distinct clinicopathological features.</p>