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ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of Baihuan Xiaoyao Decoction （Xiaoyaosan added with Lilii Bulbus and Albiziae Cortex） in alleviating depression-like behaviors of juvenile rats by regulating the polarization of microglia. MethodSixty juvenile SD rats were randomized into normal control， model， fluoxetine， and low-， medium-， and high-dose （5.36， 10.71， 21.42 g·kg-1， respectively） Baihuan Xiaoyao decoction groups. The rat model of juvenile depression was established by chronic unpredictable mild stress （CUMS）. The sucrose preference test （SPT） was carried out to examine the sucrose preference of rats. Forced swimming test （FST） was carried out to measure the immobility time of rats. The open field test （OFT） was conducted to measure the total distance， the central distance， the number of horizontal crossings， and the frequency of rearing. Morris water maze （MWM） was used to measure the escape latency and the number of crossing the platform. The immunofluorescence assay was employed to detect the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS， the polarization marker of M1 microglia） and CD206 （the polarization marker of M2 microglia）. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was employed to determine the mRNA levels of iNOS， CD206， pro-inflammatory cytokines ［tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-α， interleukin （IL）-1β， and IL-6］ and anti-inflammatory cytokines （IL-4 and IL-10） in the hippocampus. Western blotting was employed to determine the protein levels of iNOS and CD206 in the hippocampus. The levels of IL-4 and IL-6 in the hippocampus were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. ResultCompared with the normal control group， the model rats showed a reduction in sucrose preference （P<0.05）， an increase in immobility time （P<0.05）， decreased motor and exploratory behaviors （P<0.05）， and weakened learning and spatial memory （P<0.05）. In addition， the model rats showed up-regulated mRNA and protein levels of iNOS and mRNA levels of IL-1β， IL-6， and TNF-α （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， Baihuan Xiaoyao decoction increased the sucrose preference value （P<0.05）， shortened the immobility time （P<0.01）， increased the motor and exploratory behaviors （P<0.05）， and improved the learning and spatial memory （P<0.01）. Furthermore， the decoction down-regulated the positive expression and protein level of iNOS， lowered the levels of TNF-α， IL-1β， and IL-6 （P<0.01）， promoted the positive expression of CD206， and elevated the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 （P<0.01） in the hippocampus of the high dose group. Moreover， the high-dose Baihuan Xiaoyao decoction group had higher sucrose preference value （P<0.01）， shorter immobility time （P<0.01）， longer central distance （P<0.01）， stronger learning and spatial memory （P<0.01）， higher positive expression and protein level of iNOS （P<0.01）， lower levels of TNF-α， IL-1β， and IL-6 （P<0.05， P<0.01）， lower positive expression and mRNA level of iNOS （P<0.05）， and higher levels of IL-4 and IL-10 （P<0.05， P<0.01） than the fluoxetine group. ConclusionBaihuan Xiaoyao decoction can improve the depression-like behavior of juvenile rats by inhibiting the M1 polarization and promoting the M2 polarization of microglia in the hippocampus.
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ObjectiveTo analyze a case of death after inoculation of a freeze-dried rabies vaccine for human use so as to provide reference for the vaccination of the rabies vaccine and the process of investigation and diagnosis involving adverse events following immunization （AEFI） in the future. MethodsData on vaccination， clinical symptoms， treatments， investigation and diagnosis were collected and analyzed. ResultsRabies post-exposure prophylaxis and vaccination were in line with the protocols. On the 3rd day after the inoculation of the rabies vaccine， the patient developed fever， weakness， headache， dizziness， diarrhea and other symptoms. The white blood cell count and neutrophil count increased progressively. At about 17：00 on the same day， the patient suffered a sudden cardiac arrest and died clinically. Autopsy was not carried out. ConclusionThe cause of sepsis /septic shock of the patient is unknown. It is necessary to formulate detailed rabies immunization procedures as well as norms and expert consensus in the field of investigation and diagnosis of AEFI.
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ObjectiveTo analyze a case of death after inoculation of a freeze-dried rabies vaccine for human use so as to provide reference for the vaccination of the rabies vaccine and the process of investigation and diagnosis involving adverse events following immunization （AEFI） in the future. MethodsData on vaccination， clinical symptoms， treatments， investigation and diagnosis were collected and analyzed. ResultsRabies post-exposure prophylaxis and vaccination were in line with the protocols. On the 3rd day after the inoculation of the rabies vaccine， the patient developed fever， weakness， headache， dizziness， diarrhea and other symptoms. The white blood cell count and neutrophil count increased progressively. At about 17：00 on the same day， the patient suffered a sudden cardiac arrest and died clinically. Autopsy was not carried out. ConclusionThe cause of sepsis /septic shock of the patient is unknown. It is necessary to formulate detailed rabies immunization procedures as well as norms and expert consensus in the field of investigation and diagnosis of AEFI.
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Objective To investigate the prevalence and changing trend of Enterobius vermicularis infections among children in Shandong Province, so as to provide the scientific evidence for the adjustment and development of the enterobiasis control strategy. Methods Soil-borne nematodiasis surveillance sites were assigned in 51 counties (districts, cities) in Shandong Province from 2016 to 2020, and the E. vermicularis infections were detected using a modified Kato-Katz technique and the cellophane tape method among children at ages of 3 to 9 years living in these surveillance sites. The epidemiological profiles of E. vermicularis-infected children were descriptively analyzed. Results A total of 5 060 children at ages of 3 to 9 years were detected in 51 soil-borne nematodiasis surveillance sites in Shandong Province from 2016 to 2020, and the overall prevalence of E. vermicularis infections was 2.23%. The annual prevalence of E. vermicularis infections was 3.99% (26/651), 1.70% (14/824), 0.96% (8/837), 2.90% (45/1 552) and 1.67% (20/1 196) from 2016 to 2020, respectively, with a significant difference detected among years ( χ2 = 21.455, P < 0.01). The prevalence of E. vermicularis infections was 1.25% (15/1 198), 1.85% (14/755), 3.18% (84/2 640) and 0 (0/467) among children from central, eastern, southern and northern Shandong Province (χ2 = 27.326, P < 0.01). In addition, there was no significant difference in the prevalence of E. vermicularis infections between male (1.98%, 56/2 831) and female children (2.56%, 57/2 229) (χ2 = 1.916, P > 0.05); however, there was age-specific prevalence of E. vermicularis infections among children (χ2 = 16.448, P < 0.05), with the greatest prevalence detected among children at ages of 6 years (3.18%, 25/786), and the lowest prevalence seen among children at ages of 3 years (0.75%, 6/800). Conclusions The prevalence of E. vermicularis infections remained at a medium level among children at ages of 3 to 9 years in Shandong Province from 2016 to 2020, with region-specific prevalence found across the province. An integrated strategy is required for enterobiasis control.
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Objective To explore the prevalence and influencing factors of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients during past 10 years. Methods A total of 5 426 RA patients were selected from Jan. 1, 2009 to Mar. 20, 2019 in the Tianjin First Central Hospital, and 1 483 osteoarthritis (OA) patients were selected as controls. Basic information, laboratory indicators, prevalence of CHD and related complications, and drug use of RA and OA patients were collected and compared. The influencing factors of CHD prevalence in RA patients were analyzed by logistic regression. Results There was no significant difference in the prevalence of CHD between male and female RA patients (32.1%, 321/1 000 vs 32.3%, 323/1 000; χ2＝0.02, P＝0.90). The prevalence rates of CHD, hyperlipidemia and hypertension in RA patients were significantly increased in the past 10 years (χ2＝115.67, 129.41, 193.81, all P＜0.01), while the prevalence of diabetes mellitus was significantly decreased after 2014 (χ2＝29.99, P＜0.01). After propensity score matching of 1∶1 by age and gender, there was no significant difference in CHD prevalence between the RA and OA patients (P＝0.74). The levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 2 receptor (IL-2R), interleukin 6 (IL-6), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (ACCP), D-dimer, fibrinogen (FiB) and creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB), and positive rate of anti-keratin antibody (AKA) were significantly higher in the RA patients than those in the OA patients, while the levels of creatine kinase (CK) and blood glucose were significantly lower than those in the OA patients (all P＜0.05). The levels of ESR, CRP, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride, immunoglobulin G-rheumatoid factor (IgG-RF), ACCP, FiB, blood glucose and uric acid, and the positive rate of AKA were all significantly higher in the RA patients with CHD than those in the RA patients without CHD, while the levels of HDL-C, immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were significantly lower than those in the RA patients without CHD (all P＜0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the prevalence of CHD was negatively correlated with the levels of total cholesterol, ACCP, IgG and 25-hydroxyvitamin D, but positively correlated with the levels of IgG-RF and uric acid in PA patients (all P＜0.05). Conclusion In clinical treatment, we should pay more attention to the risk factors of CHD in RA patients so as to select more targeted and effective RA treatment, reducing the risk of CHD and improving the quality of life of patients.
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Objective To understand the malaria epidemiological characteristics of Shandong Province in 2017, so as to provide the evidences for formulating targeted prevention and control strategy and measures. Methods The data of malaria cases of Shandong Province in 2017 were collected from the Information Management System for Infectious Diseases Report and Information Management System for Parasitic Diseases Control and Prevention. The epidemiological characteristics of malaria situation and the diagnosis and treatment of malaria cases were analyzed. Results There were 209 malaria cases reported in 2017, all of them were imported cases, and 205 cases (98.09%) were imported from African countries. Among them, 155 cases (74.16%) were falciparum malaria cases. Totally 16 cities had cases reported in 2017, and 154 cases (73.68%) were reported in 6 cities (Yantai, Jining, Weihai, Dezhou, Qingdao, and Tai’an). The malaria cases distributed in 17 cities, and there were 110 cases distributed in 4 cities, namely Yantai, Tai’an, Weihai, and Qingdao, which accounted for 56.41% of the total cases in Shandong Province. Both the median time from onset to seeing a doctor and the median time from seeing a doctor to being diagnosed were one day. Totally 12.92% of the cases went to visit a doctor 7 days later after they had symptoms and 10.53% of the cases were diagnosed 7 days later after the first visit to a doctor. Conclusions At present, the prevention and control of the imported malaria is the focus of malaria control in Shandong Province. According to the central tendency of the malaria situation, the health education and propaganda among the high risk groups and the training on the diagnosis and treatment among medical workers should be strengthened, so as to prevent the risk of reappearance of local cases in the past malaria endemic regions, and to ensure the goal of malaria elimination been achieved on schedule.
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Objective To understand the malaria epidemiological characteristics of Shandong Province in 2017, so as to provide the evidences for formulating targeted prevention and control strategy and measures. Methods The data of malaria cases of Shandong Province in 2017 were collected from the Information Management System for Infectious Diseases Report and Information Management System for Parasitic Diseases Control and Prevention. The epidemiological characteristics of malaria situation and the diagnosis and treatment of malaria cases were analyzed. Results There were 209 malaria cases reported in 2017, all of them were imported cases, and 205 cases (98.09%) were imported from African countries. Among them, 155 cases (74.16%) were falciparum malaria cases. Totally 16 cities had cases reported in 2017, and 154 cases (73.68%) were reported in 6 cities (Yantai, Jining, Weihai, Dezhou, Qingdao, and Tai’an). The malaria cases distributed in 17 cities, and there were 110 cases distributed in 4 cities, namely Yantai, Tai’an, Weihai, and Qingdao, which accounted for 56.41% of the total cases in Shandong Province. Both the median time from onset to seeing a doctor and the median time from seeing a doctor to being diagnosed were one day. Totally 12.92% of the cases went to visit a doctor 7 days later after they had symptoms and 10.53% of the cases were diagnosed 7 days later after the first visit to a doctor. Conclusions At present, the prevention and control of the imported malaria is the focus of malaria control in Shandong Province. According to the central tendency of the malaria situation, the health education and propaganda among the high risk groups and the training on the diagnosis and treatment among medical workers should be strengthened, so as to prevent the risk of reappearance of local cases in the past malaria endemic regions, and to ensure the goal of malaria elimination been achieved on schedule.
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Objective To explore the moisture absorption and related components of aqueous extract of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. Methods The hygroscopicity of aqueous extract of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and its water and alcohol elution parts separated by macroporous resin was measured, and the contained low molecular sugars (monosaccharides, oligosaccharide), polysaccharide, protein, amino acid, tannins and salvianolic acid B, etc. were analyzed. Results D101 macroporous resin was used for separation and purification of aqueous extract of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. The hygroscopicity of water elution parts was enhanced;carbohydrate, protein and other hydrophilic substances content increased; the content of salvianolic acid B was reduced to 1.76 mg/g. While the hygroscopicity and hydrophilic substances of alcohol elution parts were greatly reduced; the content of salvianolic acid B increased to 146.57 mg/g. Conclusion The hygroscopicity of aqueous extract of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizomais closely related to the contained strong hydrophilic components, such as low molecular sugars, etc. Using D101 macroporous resin to purify aqueous extract of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma can not only effectively gather the contain phenolic acids active ingredients, but also sharply decrease the extract yield and extract moisture absorption.
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Objective To study the changes of behavior and depression-like classic indicators after hippocampal microinjection of K252a,and to establish a new animal model of depression.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into five groups,namely the control group,sham group,chronic stress depression model group,hippocampal of K252a microinjection group,and hippocampal microinjection K252a plus chronic stress group.Open field experiments,sucrose consumption test,and Morris water maze behavioral assay were used to assess the behavioral changes in the rats.ELISA was used to detect the plasma monoamine neurotransmitter,radioimmunoassay was used to determine the plasma CRH,ACTH,CORT contents,and western-blotting was performed to observe the protein expression of BDNF,CREB,ERK1/2,and BCL-2 in the hippocampus.Results Compared with the control group,the amount of activity,sugar consumption,learning and memory abilities were decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),also the serum monoamine neurotransmitters were decreased (P<0.01),HPA axis function was improved (P<0.01),and the expression of BDNF,CREB,ERK1/2,BCL-2 decreased in the CUMS group(P<0.05 or P<0.01),but there was no significant difference in the DMSO group.Compared with the DMSO group,the activity,consumption of sucrose,learning and memory ability were significantly decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),while the HPA axis function was increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01),the serum monoamine neurotransmitters decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the BDNF,CREB,ERK1/2,BCL-2 expressions in the hypocampus were significantly decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01) in the K252a group and K252a + CUMS group.Compared with the CUMS group,the K252a group and K252a + CUMS group did not show significant changes in these parameters.Compared with the K252a group,these indicators were not significantly changed in the K252a + CUMS group.Conclusions The results of behavior,hematology,and molecular biology analysis show that this model has a great similarity to the classical model of CUMS in surface validity,construct validity,and functional validity.It may provide an alternative investigative technology platform for basic research and antidepressant drug screening.
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Objective To explore the effects of chitosan flocculation clarification process and alcohol precipitation process on the principal chemical constituents of water extract of Codonopsis Radix. Methods The influence of two purification processes on water extract of Codonopsis Radix was investigated through lobetyolin contents, extract yield, and relative apparent content of each component in HPLC fingerprint as evaluation indexes. Results Chitosan flocculation clarification process showed a significantly higher extract yield of water extract compared with alcohol precipitation process, and it has a markedly better retention effect for strong polarity constituents; alcohol precipitation process exhibit a little better retention effect for lobetyolin and a better retention effect for weak polarity constituents. Conclusion The above two processes have some regularity in the influence on the main chemical constituents in the water extract of Codonopsis Radix, which can provide some guidance for the reasonable choice of the purification process for water extracts of Codonopsis Radix, and other TCM water extracts.
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Objective To screen the optimized Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD);To verify it. Methods H2O2 was used to induce PC12 cell oxidative stress models. MTT method was used to determine the prevention effects of BYHWD at different concentrations (0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.5 mg/mL) on in vitro oxidative stress cell models to define the optimized concentration. Orthogonal design was used to divide BYHWD single medicine into decomposed BYHWD groups, control group (only with DMEM), normal group (without H2O2 and medicine processing), and model group, to investigate the protective effects on PC12 cells. Optimized BYHWD was screened to decide the compatibility ratio of each medicine. MTT was used to detect the cell survival rate in each group. Middle cerebral artery occlusion was used to replicate MACO rat models. SD rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group, model group, BYHWD group and optimized BYHWD high-, medium-and low-dose groups. Each medication group was given relevant medicine for gavage. The screened results were verified. Results Compared with other decomposed BYHWD groups, the protective effects of the compatibility of Astragali Radix+Chuanxiong Rhizoma+Pheretima on PC12 cells was the best (P<0.05), which was nearly equaled to BYHWD. Compared with the model group, BYHWD and the optimized one could evidently reduce cerebral cortex infarction area and improve the impaired brain edema (P<0.05), and the medium-dose group was the best. Conclusion The optimized BYHWD ratio is:Astragali Radix:Chuanxiong Rhizoma:Pheretima=10:3:1.
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Depression in modern medicine belongs to the depression syndrome in TCM. As early as the pre-Qin period, the ancient doctors recognized depression syndrome as a kind of disease associated with the function of visceral organs or emotional stimulation, which showed mood disorders and a variety of physical symptoms. The doctors in the past dynasties had explored different kinds of non-medicine therapies except for general medicine therapies, such as acupuncture and moxibustion, tuina, music and emotional therapy etc., which had obtained definite therapeutic effects. This article reviewed the non-medicine therapies for depression syndrome in ancient literatures and modern clinical researches, in order to provide some references for the treatment of depression.
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Malaria remains a serious public health problem in Shandong Province, China; therefore, it is important to explore the characteristics of the current malaria prevalence situation in the province. In this study, data of malaria cases reported in Shandong during 2012-2014 were analyzed, and Plasmodium species were confirmed by smear microscopy and nested-PCR. A total of 374 malaria cases were reported, 80.8% of which were reported from 6 prefectures. Of all cases, P. falciparum was dominant (81.3%), followed by P. vivax (11.8%); P. ovale and P. malariae together accounted for 6.4% of cases. Notably, for the first time since 2012, no indigenous case had been reported in Shandong Province, a situation that continued through 2014. Total 95.2% of cases were imported from Africa. The ratio of male/female was 92.5:1, and 96.8% of cases occurred in people 20-54 years of age. Farmers or laborers represented 77.5% of cases. No significant trends of monthly pattern were found in the reported cases. All patients were in good condition after treatment, except for 3 who died. These results indicate that imported malaria has increased significantly since 2012 in Shandong Province, especially for P. falciparum, and there is an emergence of species diversity.
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Humanos , África , China , Agricultores , Malaria , Microscopía , Plasmodium falciparum , Plasmodium malariae , Plasmodium ovale , Plasmodium vivax , Plasmodium , Prevalencia , Salud PúblicaRESUMEN
<p><b>PURPOSE</b>For penetrating thoracic trauma, there is no consensus on whether operative exploration or conservative treatment is better. In this study, we compared the clinical effect of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and thoracotomy on the patients with penetrating thoracic trauma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2000 to December 2010, 123 patients with penetrating thoracic trauma were treated in Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University. Based on the inclusion criteria, 80 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned into VATS and thoracotomy group.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The operation time, amount of bleeding and drainage in VATS group were all lower than traditional operation (p < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results indicate that VATS has the merits of shorter operation time, non-blind area, exact surgical path and less bleeding comparing with traditional operation.</p>
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Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tempo Operativo , Traumatismos Torácicos , Cirugía General , Cirugía Torácica Asistida por Video , Métodos , Toracotomía , Métodos , Heridas Penetrantes , Cirugía GeneralRESUMEN
Objective Short lists of Mandarin speech test materials (MSTMs) are compiled for clinical appli-cation based on Mandarin phonetic theories .Methods Thirty normal -hearing adults were included in this study , the average age was 23 .5 ± 1 .9 years old .According to phonological theory ,initial vowels and final consonants were classified ,abridged and then merged .Conventional oral words in daily lives were chosen in line with the merged syl-lables .The test lists were digitally recorded onto CDs .Primary equivalent assessment and test -retest reliability was conducted .Results Ten short lists of Mandarin disyllables were compiled on the basis of Chinese phonetic characteristics with 20 disyllables in each list .Twelve vowels were inspected :f ,l ,r ,m ,sh ,t- ,tu- ,ti- ,k- ,ku/o- ,qi- ,qü- ;16 consonants were inspected :e ,ü ,uai/uei and iao/iou ,ie/üe ,ian/üan ,ong/iong ,en/eng ,in/ing .Con-clusion Ten short lists of disyllables have been compiled and digitally recorded with 20 disyllables in each list .Pre-liminary equivalent assessment and test -retest reliability were conducted but it needs further verification in order to make sure whether the short lists can meet the targets .
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the reliability of the Chinese version of Satisfaction with Amplification in Daily Life (SADL).@*METHOD@#The cross-cultural adaption measures were used to translate the SADL into Chinese version. Thirty hearing aid users no younger than 18 years old were included. Test-retest analysis was administrated to the patients without significant changes in health and social status with an interval of two weeks between test and retest.@*RESULT@#Test-retest reliability of the SADL was proved to be satisfactory. All subscales and global score had coefficients that exceeded 0.70 (P < 0.01). Except for "personal image", the score of other subscales and global score in this study are higher than the U. S. interim norms described by Cox and Alexander (1999) (P < 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#This study completed the translation and test-retest analysis of Chinese version of SADL. We need further discussion about validation of Chinese version of SADL in order to meet basic psychometric criteria of a standard outcome measurement.
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Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven , Actividades Cotidianas , Pueblo Asiatico , Audífonos , Satisfacción Personal , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of different PAP domains on hepatitis B virus replication.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The full length and two truncated PAP mutants were cloned into a eukaryotic expression plasmid, and were transfected into HepG2.2.15 cells using lipofectamine 2000. 3 days after transfection, the medium and cells were collected. HBsAg and HBeAg were measured using ELISA. The titers of HBV DNA were quantified using fluorogenic quantitative PCR (FQ-PCR). HepG2 cells were used to determine the cytotoxicity of the plasmids transfection by MTT assays.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The inhibitory effect on HBV replication of the C-terminal 25 amino acids deleted PAP mutant (pXF3H-PAP14) was not significantly different from that of the full length PAP (pXF3H-PAP12) (Chi-square test = 0.5, 2.0, 0.02, probability value more than 0.05), however, the cytotoxicity of pXF3H-PAP14 was lower than that of pXF3H-PAP12 (Chi-square test = 7.7, probability value less than 0.01). Both N-terminal 69 amino acids deleted mutant and C-terminal 25 amino acids deleted mutant had no cytotoxicity and no antiviral activity.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>C-terminal 25 amino acid of PAP is related to cytotoxicity but not related to antiviral activity of PAP. N-terminal 69 amino acid of PAP is related to the anti-HBV effect of PAP.</p>
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Humanos , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Antivirales , Farmacología , Western Blotting , ADN Viral , Metabolismo , Células Hep G2 , Antígenos de Superficie de la Hepatitis B , Metabolismo , Antígenos e de la Hepatitis B , Metabolismo , Virus de la Hepatitis B , Genética , Fisiología , Liposomas , Plásmidos , Genética , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Proteínas Inactivadoras de Ribosomas Tipo 1 , Genética , Metabolismo , Farmacología , Eliminación de Secuencia , Transfección , Replicación ViralRESUMEN
Objective To investigate whether functional Wnt-?-catenin signaling is present in activated hepatic stellate cells (HSC),and the effect of blocking this signaling on activation of HSC. Methods?-catenin expression in HSC was examined by immunocytochemistry.Wnt signalings in HSC-T6 were assessed using a T cell factor (TCF)-dependent luciferase reporter gene (pTOP- FLASH) assay.Wnt signalings in HSC-T6 were blocked by transfecting with a dominant negative TCF (dnTCF) expression plasmid,then the expression of alpha smooth muscle actin (?-SMA) and collagen typeⅠwere examined by Western blot.Results?-catenin staining was positive in the nuclei of HSC-T6.Luciferase activity in the cells transfected with pTOPFLASH was significantly higher than that in the cells transfected with pFOPFLASH (P
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Emerging data indicated that HCV subverts the antiviral activity of interferon (IF); however,whether HCV core protein contributes to the process remains controversial. In the present study, we examined the effect of HCV core protein on interferon-induced antiviral gene expression and whether the effect is involved in the activation and negative regulation of the Jak/STAT signaling pathway. Our results showed that, following treatment with IFN-α, the transcription of PKR, MxA and 2'-5'OAS were down-regulated in HepG2 cells expressing the core protein. In the presence of HCV core protein,ISRE-dependent luciferase activity also decreased. Further study indicated that the core protein could inhibit the tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1, whereas the level of STAT1 expression was unchanged.Accordingly, SOCS3, the negative regulator of the Jak/STAT pathway, was induced by HCV core protein. These results suggests that HCV core protein may interfere with the expression of some interferon-induced antiviral genes by inhibiting STAT1 phosphorylation and induction of SOCS3.
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To study the effect of HCV core protein on the interferon-induced antiviral genes expression and its mechanisms. Methods HepG2 cells were transiently transfected with HCV core protein expression plasmid and the blank plasmid respectively. RT-PCR was used to analyze the effect of HCV core protein on PKR and 2'-5'OAS expression. The effect of HCV core protein on ISRE-medicated gene expression was detected by luciferase activity assay. Western-blot assay was performed to observe the change of mRNA and protein levels of SOCS3, STAT1 and p-STAT1 following HCV core expression. In the presence of HCV core protein, the transcription of PKR and 2'-5' OAS are down-regulated. ISRE-medicated reporter gene expression and STAT1 phosphorylation were inhibited. The transcription and expression of SOCS3 were induced compared with blank plasmid-transfected group. In HepG2 cells, HCV core protein can down-regulate the expression of some interferon-induced antiviral genes, which involves the induction of SOCS3 and the inhibition of STAT1 phosphorylation.