RESUMEN
Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of periodontal pathogens, systemic inflammatory mediators and lipid profiles in type 1 diabetes children (DM) with those observed in children without diabetes (NDM), both with gingivitis. Material and methods Twenty-four DM children and twenty-seven NDM controls were evaluated. The periodontal status, glycemic and lipid profiles were determined for both groups. Subgingival samples of periodontal sites were collected to determine the prevalence of periodontal microorganisms by PCR. Blood samples were collected for IL-1-β, TNF-α and IL-6 analysis using ELISA kits. Results Periodontal conditions of DM and NDM patients were similar, without statistical differences in periodontal indices. When considering patients with gingivitis, all lipid parameters evaluated were highest in the DM group; Capnocytophaga sputigena and Capnocytophaga ochracea were more prevalent in the periodontal sites of DM children. “Red complex” bacteria were detected in few sites of DM and NDM groups. Fusobacterium nucleatum and Campylobacter rectus were frequently found in both groups. Similar levels of IL-1-β, TNF-α and IL-6 were detected in DM and NDM children. Conclusion Clinical and immunological profiles are similar between DM and NDM children. The presence of Capnocytophaga sputigena and Capnocytophaga ochracea were associated with gingivitis in DM children.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Niño , Adolescente , Periodoncio/microbiología , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/microbiología , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/epidemiología , Gingivitis/microbiología , Gingivitis/epidemiología , Diente Primario/microbiología , Triglicéridos/sangre , Brasil/epidemiología , Capnocytophaga/aislamiento & purificación , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Índice Periodontal , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Colesterol/sangre , Interleucina-6/sangre , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/sangre , Estadísticas no Paramétricas , Dentición Permanente , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/inmunología , Interleucina-1beta/sangre , Gingivitis/inmunologíaRESUMEN
This study aimed to evaluate clinical, microbiological and immunological parameters in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in comparison with normoglycemic patients (NDM). Glycemic and lipid profiles and periodontal clinical status were determined for thirty-three patients (17 DM and 16 NDM). The presence of periodontopathogens and species of Candida in subgingival sites were determined by polymerase chain reaction and immunological parameters by ELISA assays. All glycemic and clinical parameters evaluated were higher in the DM group, with statistical difference for fasting glucose, glycated-hemoglobin, and periodontal parameters. Lipid profile (except triglycerides), levels of TNF-α and myeloperoxidase and the prevalence of the tested microorganisms were similar between the groups, except for Candida albicans and Candida glabrata, which was higher in the DM group. In conclusion, although microbiological and immunological parameters were similar in the DM and NDM groups, periodontitis and the levels of some species of Candida were more severe in DM patients. (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Periodontitis Crónica , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Enfermedades Periodontales , Peroxidasa , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa , Candida , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Periodontitis , Reacción en Cadena de la PolimerasaRESUMEN
A cárie precoce da infância (CPI) é ainda um grave problema de saúde pública no mundo, principalmente em países em desenvolvimento. Estudos têm sugerido a associação da ingestão frequente de carboidratos fermentáveis como a sacarose, altas contagens de microrganismos cariogênicos e maior vulnerabilidade imunológica da criança na etiologia da CPI. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os aspectos microbiológicos e imunológicos associados ao desenvolvimento da cárie precoce da infância. Crianças com idade entre 36 e 60 meses foram selecionadas e divididas em três grupos: LC - livres de cárie, CPI e CPI-S (CPI-severa). Questionário sobre os aspectos socioeconômico-culturais, hábitos de higiene bucal e diários de dieta foram respondidos pelos responsáveis. Foram coletadas amostras de saliva e biofilme dental das crianças e processadas para subsequentes avaliações laboratoriais. Em seguida, os níveis de IgA salivar total e contra GbpB de S. mutans foram determinados por ELISA e Western blot, respectivamente, as concentrações salivares dos peptídeos catiônicos antimicrobianos (PCAM): defensinas hBD-2 e hBD-3, catelicidina LL-37 e histatina 5 (HTN-5) por ELISA e a presença e os níveis salivares de Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp. e Scardovia wiggsiae por qRT-PCR, sendo que estes dados foram correlacionados com os níveis salivares e no biofilme dental de estreptococos mutans (SM) e Lactobacillus spp. por meio de cultivo em meios específicos. Os resultados mostraram que as crianças com CPI-S apresentaram menor renda familiar quando comparadas às crianças LC ou CPI. Contudo, a ingestão de açúcar não diferiu entre os grupos. O grupo CPI-S apresentou maior contagem de SM na saliva/biofilme em relação aos grupos LC e CPI. Houve uma correlação positiva entre a resposta de IgA contra GbpB e os níveis de SM, quando a população geral foi avaliada. Quando apenas crianças com altos níveis de SM foram comparadas, o grupo CPI-S...
Early childhood caries (ECC) is still a serious public health problem worldwide, especially in developing countries. Studies have been suggested the association among frequent intake of fermentable carbohydrates such as sucrose, high cariogenic microorganisms counts and childs immune vulnerability in the etiology of ECC. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological and immunological factors for the development of early childhood caries. 36 to 60 monthold children were selected and distributed into three groups: caries free (CF), ECC and S-ECC (severe-ECC). Questionnaires about socio-economic-cultural data, oral hygiene habits and food-frequency diary were completed by the parents. Saliva and dental biofilm were collected from children and processed for subsequent laboratorial tests. The following analyses were determined: total IgA and IgA response against S. mutans GbpB by ELISA and Western blot, respectively; salivary concentrations of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs): defensins hBD-2 and hBD-3, cathelicidin LL-37 and histatin 5 (HTN-5) by ELISA; salivary detection and quantification of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp. and Scardovia wiggsiae by qRT-PCR, and these data were correlated with mutans streptococci (MS) and Lactobacillus spp. levels by culture in specific medium. Results showed that S-ECC children had reduced family income compared to ECC and CF. However, sugar intake did not differ among the groups. S-ECC group had higher MS count than CF/ECC groups. Positive correlations between salivary IgA response against GbpB and MS counts were found when the entire population was evaluated. When children with high mutans streptococci counts were compared, S-ECC group showed a significant decrease in IgA antibody levels against GbpB compared to CF group. This finding was not observed for ECC group. The present study showed positive correlations between salivary hBD-2 and HTN-5 with
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Preescolar , Péptidos Catiónicos Antimicrobianos , Bacterias , Caries Dental , Sistema Inmunológico , Salud Pública , Defensinas , Inmunidad Innata , Lactobacillus , Streptococcus mutansRESUMEN
A cárie precoce da infância (CPI) é ainda um grave problema de saúde pública no mundo, principalmente em países em desenvolvimento. Estudos têm sugerido a associação da ingestão frequente de carboidratos fermentáveis como a sacarose, altas contagens de microrganismos cariogênicos e maior vulnerabilidade imunológica da criança na etiologia da CPI. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os aspectos microbiológicos e imunológicos associados ao desenvolvimento da cárie precoce da infância. Crianças com idade entre 36 e 60 meses foram selecionadas e divididas em três grupos: LC - livres de cárie, CPI e CPI-S (CPI-severa). Questionário sobre os aspectos socioeconômico-culturais, hábitos de higiene bucal e diários de dieta foram respondidos pelos responsáveis. Foram coletadas amostras de saliva e biofilme dental das crianças e processadas para subsequentes avaliações laboratoriais. Em seguida, os níveis de IgA salivar total e contra GbpB de S. mutans foram determinados por ELISA e Western blot, respectivamente, as concentrações salivares dos peptídeos catiônicos antimicrobianos (PCAM): defensinas hBD-2 e hBD-3, catelicidina LL-37 e histatina 5 (HTN-5) por ELISA e a presença e os níveis salivares de Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp. e Scardovia wiggsiae por qRT-PCR, sendo que estes dados foram correlacionados com os níveis salivares e no biofilme dental de estreptococos mutans (SM) e Lactobacillus spp. por meio de cultivo em meios específicos. Os resultados mostraram que as crianças com CPI-S apresentaram menor renda familiar quando comparadas às crianças LC ou CPI. Contudo, a ingestão de açúcar não diferiu entre os grupos. O grupo CPI-S apresentou maior contagem de SM na saliva/biofilme em relação aos grupos LC e CPI. Houve uma correlação positiva entre a resposta de IgA contra GbpB e os níveis de SM, quando a população geral foi avaliada. Quando apenas crianças com altos níveis de SM foram comparadas, o grupo CPI-S...
Early childhood caries (ECC) is still a serious public health problem worldwide, especially in developing countries. Studies have been suggested the association among frequent intake of fermentable carbohydrates such as sucrose, high cariogenic microorganisms counts and childs immune vulnerability in the etiology of ECC. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological and immunological factors for the development of early childhood caries. 36 to 60 monthold children were selected and distributed into three groups: caries free (CF), ECC and S-ECC (severe-ECC). Questionnaires about socio-economic-cultural data, oral hygiene habits and food-frequency diary were completed by the parents. Saliva and dental biofilm were collected from children and processed for subsequent laboratorial tests. The following analyses were determined: total IgA and IgA response against S. mutans GbpB by ELISA and Western blot, respectively; salivary concentrations of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs): defensins hBD-2 and hBD-3, cathelicidin LL-37 and histatin 5 (HTN-5) by ELISA; salivary detection and quantification of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp. and Scardovia wiggsiae by qRT-PCR, and these data were correlated with mutans streptococci (MS) and Lactobacillus spp. levels by culture in specific medium. Results showed that S-ECC children had reduced family income compared to ECC and CF. However, sugar intake did not differ among the groups. S-ECC group had higher MS count than CF/ECC groups. Positive correlations between salivary IgA response against GbpB and MS counts were found when the entire population was evaluated. When children with high mutans streptococci counts were compared, S-ECC group showed a significant decrease in IgA antibody levels against GbpB compared to CF group. This finding was not observed for ECC group. The present study showed positive correlations between salivary hBD-2 and HTN-5 with
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Preescolar , Péptidos Catiónicos Antimicrobianos , Bacterias , Caries Dental , Sistema Inmunológico , Salud Pública , Defensinas , Inmunidad Innata , Lactobacillus , Streptococcus mutansRESUMEN
A doença periodontal é considerada, pela Organização Mundial da Saúde, como a sexta complicação clássica do diabético. O diabetes pode influenciar a prevalência, severidade e progressão da periodontite. A literatura mostra uma associação bidirecional entre periodontite e Diabetes mellitus (DM). DM afeta negativamente a condição periodontal e a periodontite afeta negativamente o controle glicêmico, aumentando, assim, o risco de complicações no paciente diabético. No entanto, ainda não há estudos que demonstrem que um processo inflamatório local, como a doença periodontal per si, possa induzir alterações nas etapas iniciais no sinal insulínico em indivíduos não diabéticos. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar se a doença periodontal é capaz de causar alteração na etapa inicial do sinal insulínico e na sensibilidade à insulina em ratos não diabéticos. Para tanto, foram utilizados ratos Wistar (02 meses de idade) e os animais foram divididos em dois grupos: ratos com doença periodontal (DP) induzida por ligadura e ratos-controle (CN). Após 28 dias da colocação da ligadura, realizaram-se os experimentos: 1) coleta de sangue (n=10) e obtenção de plasma para análise das concentrações de glicose, frutosamina, colesterol total, colesterol HDL (HDL-C), triglicérides, TNF-α, IL-6 e resistina; 2) teste de tolerância à insulina (ITT) para a avaliação da sensibilidade à insulina (n=7); 3) avaliação tanto do grau de fosforilação em tirosina da pp185 (IRS-1/IRS-2) e em serina do IRS-1 como dos conteúdos de IRβ e de IRS-1 em tecidos adiposo branco periepididimal, muscular esquelético e hepático. A partir dos resultados pode-se observar que os ratos com DP apresentaram: 1) redução na sensibilidade à insulina (p<0.05); 2) nenhuma alteração nas concentrações plasmáticas de glicose, frutosamina, colesterol total, HDL-C, triglicérides; 3) aumento nas concentrações plasmáticas de TNF-α, mas nenhuma alteração nas concentrações de IL-6 e resistina; 4) diminuição (p<0.05)...
Periodontal disease (PD) is considered by the World Health Organization as the sixth classic complication of diabetes. Diabetes may influence the prevalence, severity and progression of periodontitis. The literature shows a bidirectional association between periodontitis and Diabetes mellitus (DM). DM negatively affects periodontal status and periodontal disease, in addition to adversely affecting glycemic control, increasing the risk of complications in diabetic patients. However, there are no studies showing that local inflammatory events, such as periodontal disease, per si, can induce changes in early steps of insulin signaling in non-diabetic individuals. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether periodontal disease can cause changes in the initial phase of insulin signaling and in insulin sensitivity in non-diabetic rats. For this purpose, Wistar rats (two-month-old) were used in the present study. The animals were divided into two groups: 1) group with ligature-induced periodontal disease (PD); 2) control group (CN). Twenty eight days after ligature placement, experiments were carried out: 1) blood collection (n = 10) obtaining plasma for glucose, fructosamine, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides, TNF-α, IL-6 and resistin analyses; 2) insulin tolerance test (ITT) for evaluating insulin sensitivity (n = 7); 3) assessment of both pp185 (IRS-1 / IRS-2) tyrosine phosphorylation and IRS-1 serine phosphorylation status, and IRβ and IRS-1 content in periepididymal white adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and liver. Observation of results in rats with DP showed: 1) reduction in insulin sensitivity (p <0.05); 2) no change in glucose, fructosamine, total cholesterol, HDL-C and triglycerides plasmatic concentrations; 3) increase in TNF-α plasmatic concentration, but no changes in IL-6 and resistin plasma levels; 4) decrease in (p <0.05) pp185 (IRS-1/IRS-2) tyrosine phosphorylation status after insulin stimulation in white