Study on composing prescription laws of treating aplastic anemia by Chinese medicine using applying data mining technique / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore composing prescription laws of treating aplastic anemia (AA) by Chinese medicine (CM).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The literatures on treating AA by CM were recruited from various medical periodicals at home from 1979 to 2009 including China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP information network, and Wangfang data knowledge service platform. The database correlated to CM features was established using the technique of computer data bank. The data mining (DM) technique was applied to analyze drugs sorts, frequency of drug application, and association degree.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Three hundred and eleven pertinent literatures including 677 prescriptions and 254 Chinese herbs (CHs) were screened. There were 69 CHs for invigorating deficiency, 42 for heat clearing, 20 for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, 16 for arresting bleeding, and 16 for relieving exterior syndrome, which occupied the top 5. The frequency of drug application of 254 CHs amounted to 7 547, in which the frequency of drug application of Mongolian milkvetch root, Rehmannia root, Suberect spatholobus stem, Hairyvein agrimonia herb, and Chinese thorowax root were 379, 248, 167, 85, and 13 respectively, and they occupied the first place of CHs for invigorating deficiency, heat clearing, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, arresting bleeding, and relieving exterior syndrome, respectively. The number of the prescriptions containing 12, 10, and 11 CHs was occupied the top 3. The coverage rate of the prescription including Mongolian milkvetch root and Chinese angelica was 60%, and thus 4 core drugs groups were established covering invigorating qi and enriching the blood, reinforcing Shen and supporting yang, replenishing yin to tonify Shen, tonifying Shen to replenish essence, and invigorating qi and enriching blood respectively. Summarized were six potential composing prescription laws covering invigorating qi and enriching blood, reinforcing Shen and supporting yang, replenishing yin to tonify Shen, strengthening Pi and harmonizing Wei, tonifying the blood and promoting blood circulation, clearing away heat and toxic materials, and removing heat from the blood to stop bleeding.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Applying DM technique, the fundamental core drugs groups consisting of Mongolian milkvetch root and Chinese angelica were discovered. The 4 core drugs groups established were in accordance with the realization of modern CM for the pathomechanism of AA. The 6 composing prescription laws summarized revealed the rules of drug application.</p>

ESI fragmentation studies of six unusual nucleotide sugars / 药学学报

Unusual dTDP-sugars are key intermediate in many pathogenic bacteria. In this study, negative-ion electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS-MS) with collision-induced dissociation (CID) was used to study the fragmentation characteristics of six unusual nucleotide diphosphate sugars. The results indicated the major fragment of the six unusual nucleoside sugars observed in the ESI-MS-MS spectra resulted from cleavage of diphosphate moiety and their characteristic fragment ions at m/z 401, 383, and 321, correspond to [TDP-H] together with fragment ions resulting from the loss of water and phosphate moiety, respectively. Furthermore, 4-position substituted change of unusual sugar rings affected the stability of two important characteristic fragment ions of [glycosyl-1"-PO3](-) and [glycosyl-1"-P2O6](-).

Estradiol stimulates proliferation of prostatic smooth muscle cells via estrogen receptor alpha and IGF1 / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of estrogen receptor alpha (ERa) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) on the proliferation of prostatic smooth muscle cells (PSMCs) in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The ERalpha shRNA expression frame was subcloned to the pGSadeno adenovirus vector by homologous recombination technology to construct the pGSaaeno-ERalpha vector. After the mouse PSMCs were transfected in vitro by pGSaaeno-ERalpha, the mRNA and protein expression levels of ERalpha were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot respectively. The expression of IGF1 in the ERa-reduced cells was determined by Western blot 6 hours after treatment with 17beta-estradiol (E2) at 10(-8) mol/L. The post-transfection activity of estrogen or exogenous IGF1 in the proliferation of PSMCs was evaluated by MTT chlormetric analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment with E2, the proliferation of PSMCs and the expression of the IGF1 gene were significantly increased in the normal control group (P <0.05), but not obviously changed in the ERalpha-siRNA group (P> 0.05). And exogenous IGF1 failed to induce the proliferation of the ERalpha-reduced PSMCs.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>E2 induces the expression of IGF1 via ERalpha, and IGFl, with the interaction of ERalpha, promotes the proliferation of PSMCs.</p>

Liquid chromatography frontal analysis of the protein binding of glimepiride / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the protein binding of glimepiride.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>An HPLC-FA method is performed by using Pinkerton GFF II-S5-80 internal-surface reversed-phase silica support (150 mm x 4.6 mm ID, 5 microm) at pH 7.4 in a 67 mmol x L(-1) isotonic sodium phosphate buffer at 37 degree C. Other conditions included flow rate of 0.2 mL x min(-1), UV detection at wavelength 230 nm and injection volume 900 microL.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Nonlinear regression parameter estimation was used for the association constant measurement of glimepiride to both primary and secondary sites, which were 5.1 (micromol x L(-1)-1 and 1 for K1 and n1, and 0.017 (micromol x L(-1))-1 and 7 for K2 and n2, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method is shown to be suitable for investigation of protein binding of glimepiride.</p>