investigation of Frenkel's exercises effection on ataxia, balance, activity of daily living and depression in patients with multiple sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis [MS] is the most common progressive neurological disorder in the young adults. One of the areas that are affected in MS is the cerebellum. Ddisorders in this structure leadss to ataxia, imbalance, and so on, that can decrease patient's quality of life. Exercise therapy is an effective method to decrease functional disorders in MS patients. This study shows the effectiveness of Frenkel's exercises in improvement of conditions in MS patients. This is was a double-blinded, perospective and quinsy-experimental study that was done in Isfahan, during 1385-786. In this experiment, 22 MS patients with cerebellar disorder. [mean age 33.36 years, mean height 64.14 cm, and mean weight 61.95 kg], was learned Frenkel's exercises alternatively in 10 sessions. Evaluation was done before and after the treatment. In order to study ataxia we used ataxia rating scale, Berg balance scale for to assess balance, Barthel index, for to study activity of daily living [ADL], and questionnaire of beck for to judge depression. We used SPSS soft ware. For statistic studying and analyzing of obtained results and for comparing the conditions of patients in different stages, paired-t-test was used. The findings of this current study showed a meaningful difference of ataxia [P<0.05] Balance [p<0.05] and depression [p<0.05] evaluation between before and after the treatment. The obtained result showed that doing Frenkel's exercises, Continuously leads to improve the ataxia, blance, ADL and depression in patients with MS.

Relationship between helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin G antibody and thrombotic ischemic stroke

Several studies have assessed association between Helicobacter pylori infection and thrombotic ischemic stroke. This study was designed to investigate the association between this organism and ischemic strokes. Antibody against H. pylori [Hp IgG] was measured in 81 patients with stroke and 43 subjects without stroke. Hp IgG titer more than 20 u/ml was defined as positive. Hp IgG seropositivity was found in 67.4% of control subjects and 70.4% of cases [P = 0.838]. The means of serum Hp IgG titers in control subjects and cases were 51.1859 u/ml and 50.1641 u/ml, respectively [P = 0.927]. The difference between these 2 groups was not significant statistically. There wasn't any significant difference in seropositivity of Hp IgG between case and control subjects in men and women. It seems that H. pylori IgG titer hasn't a predictive role for thrombotic ischemic stroke

Study of swiss-ball exercises effectiveness on improvement of balance and depression of patients with Parkinson disease

Parkinson s disease is a progressive and degenerative disease of the basal ganglia of the brain. Four major signs of this disease are: bradykinesia, tremor, rigidity and postural instability. Postural instability is the main cause of falling in these patients. Despite the importance of the role of the exercise therapy in reducing the secondary signs of akinesia in these patients, there is not enough evidence to express the effects of these exercises. The current study carried out to reveal that. In a Single -blinded, prospective and Quasi -experimental study 23 patients with Parkinson were chosen [age=67/43 +/- 7/75, height=169/74 +/- 8/44, weight=65/61 +/- 7/85] and were arranged to do exercise therapy with Swissball with the full supervision of the physical therapist for 12 sessions [one hour in each every session three sessions per week]. An evaluation was done before and after treatment and a follow up month later. To evaluate the balance of these patients Berg Balance Scale was used and beck depression questionnaire to assess the depression of these patients. The results were analysed by Spss software and paired t-test. A meaningful difference in balance evaluation was achieved between before the treatment and after the treatment [P=0.00]. A meaningful difference in balance evaluation was achieved between before the treatment and after one -month follow- up [P=0.00]. There was No meaningful difference between after the treatment and after one-month follow-up [P=0.141]. There was a meaningful difference in depression evaluation between before the treatment and after the treatment [P=0.00]. There was a meaningful difference in depression evaluation between before the treatment and after one -month follow- up [P=0.00]. There was No meaningful difference in depression evaluation between after the treatment and after one-month follow-up. [P=0.56]. With regard to the results of this study it might be concluded that Swissball exercises improve the balance and depression of patients with Parkinson in short term [one month]. It must be notified that of Exercises does not continue depression and balance problems due to progressive nature of the disease

[Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and thrombotic ischemic stroke]

Several studies have assessed the association between Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and thrombotic ischemic strokes. This study was designed to investigate the association between this organism and ischemic strokes in Iranian patients. Antibodies to Chlamydia pneumoniae[CP IgA and IgG] were measured in 81 patients with stroke and 43 controls. CP IgG and CP IgA titers more than 1.1 Immune Status Response [ISR] were considered as positive. We found that 9.3% of controls and 13.6% of cases were CP IgA seropositive. Although the difference between these two groups was prominent but it was not statistically significant [p=0.25]. The mean CP IgA titer was significantly higher in the case than in the control group [0.6 +/- 0.3 vs. 0.47 +/- 0.3 ISR, respectively, p=0.03]. This difference was not significant for CP IgG titer. The higher titer of CP IgA in patients with ischemic stroke than in controls might suggest the co-existence of this infection with ischemic stroke. Assessment of this association needs longitudinal studies

study of the relationship between syncope attacks and diminished carotid and vertebral artery flow using doppler ultrasonography of cervical vessels

Syncope or drop attack is a common and potentially serious condition and prompt evaluation of the affected patients should be evaluated prompting for cardiac disease, seizure, structural lesions of the brain or peripheral nerves, as well as drug induced and metabolic disturbances. This study was conducted to evaluate carotid and vertebral arteries blood flow in patients with syncope in which other etiologies had been ruled out. This one-year retrospective case-control study involved 33 patients [case group] and 33 normal individuals [control group]. Carotid and vertebral arteries blood flow was measured in all subjects [ml/min] and SPSS was used for data analysis. Mean blood flow in vertebral arteries in the case group was significantly lower than in the control group [P<0.001], however mean carotid artery flow was not significantly different between them [P=0.58]. Based on our results and findings of some other studies, we recommend duplex ultrasonography of vertebral and cervical arteries in patients suffering from drop attacks, after ruling out the prominent etiologies, such as seizure, heart disease, etc

Serum homocysteine level in patients with multiple sclerosis

The etiology of multiple sclerosis [MS], a chronic demyelinative disease-is unknown. The damage of blood-brain barrier [BBB] vasculature is a characteristic of MS and Homocystein [Hcy] can damage BBB, then increase in total Hcy may be important in MS pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to compare the serum level of total Hcy in MS patients with control group. In a case control study, serum level of total Hcy measured in 35 MS patient and compared with 30 healthy matched controls. All patients had definitive MS according to Poser criteria, without history of myocardial infarction, stroke, neuropathy, transient ischemic attack, homocystinuria or renal failure. The serum concentration of total homocystein was significantly higher in multiple sclerosis patients than healthy controls. The mean total Hcy level was 17.92 +/- 6.9 mmol/lit in cases and 14.6 +/- 2.92 mmol/lit in controls [P=0.013]. Serum total Homocystein may have a role in MS pathogenesis and reduction of it should be studied moreover