effect of massage with Sesame oil on infant anthropometric measurements and their sleep pattern

Massage is an important part of baby and infant health care in different societies. Considering specific role of massage with natural oils, we studied the effect of massage with sesame oil on infant anthropometric measurements and their sleep pattern. This clinical-trial study was performed on 150 two months healthy infants who were referred to the health care centers in Arak city. Samples were randomly divided into one of the following groups: massage with sesame oil, massage only and no massage. In sesame oil group, mothers performed massages on whole of their infant body for a period of 10 minutes, two times per day for 4 weeks. In solely massage group, the method was the same as previous group, but without oil. No massage was done in control group. Anthropometric measurements and sleep pattern were evaluated before and after the interventions and data were analyzed using Chi-square, ANOVA, Kroskal-Wallis and Post-Hoc tests. At the beginning of the study, anthropometric measurements did not show significant difference between groups. After 4 weeks, the average increase in infant weight in sesame oil, solely massage and control group were 1076.23 +/- 273.12, 965.24 +/- 310.12, 686.14 +/- 220.92, respectively [P<0.001]. Mean increased duration of sleep in massage groups was significantly higher in massage groups than control group [P<0.001]. Based on the results of this study, it seems that infant massage, particularly massage with sesame oil can lead to increased weight and improved sleep pattern. It may have positive effect on infants' heights in a longer time

Effect of prophylactic antibiotic on the prevalence of pelvic inflammatory in women using IUD

Intra uterine device [IUD] is a highly effective contraceptive method but concerns about the risk of upper genital tract infection, often limits its use. Scientist believed that prophylactic antibiotic administration around the time of inserting IUD significantly reduces the risk of IUD related pelvic inflammatory disease [PID]. This study is designed to investigate the effect of prophylactic antibiotic on pelvic inflammatory disease associated with IUD insertion. This is a randomized clinical trial. A total of 500 prospective IUD [TCU-380A] users were randomly assigned in two groups. The first group received 200 mg of Doxycycline one hour before IUD insertion and the second did not. Then, 20 days after IUD insertion, the two groups were examined for PID. Data was analyzed using Mann-Whitney and Chi square tests. The mean of age, gravida, para, live children and abortion in case and control groups were not statistically significant. The rate of PID was 2.1% in case group compared to 1.9% in control group, which was not statistically significant. Vaginal infection in control group was more than case group but not significant. We concluded that the use of prophylactic antibiotic did not have a significant effect on preventing IUD induced PID. Regarding the side effects of unnecessary antibiotic consumption it is suggested to reinforce the need for implementing aseptic techniques during IUD insertion

[Determination of relationship between father's cigarette smokingand sex ratio in children]

Sex ratio is referred to male, female ratio which is usually 1.06. This ratio is decreased during the last few years. One of it's reasons seems to be poisons and environmental pollutions such as cigarette smoke. In this investigation we studied the relationship between father's cigarette smoking and sex ratio in children.This is a historical cohort study. Study population were neonates born in Arak hospitals during summer and autumn 1383. Sample size was determined 710 neonates, based on alpha = 5%, beta = 10%. Sampling method was census in which all newborns with inclusion criteria were selected and questionnaires were filled. Samples were divided into three groups. 1- Newborns with nonsmoker fathers 2- Newborns with smoker fathers [less than 20 cigarettes a day] 3- Newborns with smoker fathers [20 or more cigarettes a day][Father's cigarette smoking at least 3 months before conception in second and third group]. Newborn's sex ratio was determined in each group and caparisoned. Data analysis was done by frequency, ratio, mean and standard deviation indexes and K-S, leven, t, mann-whitney, chi square tests and relative risk, using SPSS software. At all stages of the study Helsinki declaration was regarded.Overall sex ratio was 1.04. This ratio was 1.272 for neonates with nonsmoker fathers and 0.77 for neonates with smoker fathers. Also sex ratio in newborns with smoker fathers using less than 20 cigarettes a day was 0.846 and for those with fathers using 20 or more was 0.60. Based on chi square there was a meaningful relationship between the three groups[p<0.00001]. Relative risk in low cigarette group was 1.23 and in high cigarette group 1.42.Based on findings it seems that father's cigarette smoking near conception results in decreasing sex ratio and the increased use of cigarettes the decreased born of male neonates

[ effect of maternal position in active phase on duration of labor and newborn's Apgar score]

It seems that mother's position and activity during labor can affect labor process and it's outcomes. This investigation aimed to investigate maternal position's effect in active phase on labor duration and newbom's Apgar. This is a quasi experimental study which is done on 256 mothers referring to Taleghani hospital in Arak city. Sampling was convenience and sample size was determined based on alpha =5% and beta =20%. Mothers were divided into two primi and multipara groups and each mother chose one of the lying on left side, semi ambulatory and ambulatory positions based on her own intent. The duration of first, second and third stages of labor and also the newborn's Apgar score in first and fifth minutes after birth was determined in each group. Data was analyzed using Shefe test. Results showed that more than half of mothers [55.5%] preferred semi ambulatory position. 98.8% of deliveries were normal vaginal delivery and most of newborn's Apgar score in first and fifth minutes after birth was 9 and 10 respectively. There was no significant difference between labor complications and maternal position and also between Apgar score and maternal position. It was found that the duration of first, second and third stages of labor in primiparas of ambulatory group were shorter than the other two primipara groups. But the difference was only significant in first stage[p<0.001]. In multiparas of the ambulatory group the duration of first and second stages were significantly shorter than the other two multipara groups [p<0.001].Overall findings showed that the duration of first stage of labor in ambulatory primiparas and first and second stages of multiparas were significantly reduced so it seems that ambulation of mother during labor can improve labor process