Risk factors for cow's milk protein allergy in infants: a multicenter survey / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the risk factors for cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) among infants through a multicenter clinical study.@*METHODS@#A total of 1 829 infants, aged 1-12 months, who attended the outpatient service of the pediatric department in six hospitals in Shenzhen, China from June 2016 to May 2017 were enrolled as subjects. A questionnaire survey was performed to screen out suspected cases of CMPA. Food avoidance and oral food challenge tests were used to make a confirmed diagnosis of CMPA CMPA. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the risk factors for CMPA.@*RESULTS@#Among the 1 829 infants, 82 (4.48%) were diagnosed with CMPA. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that maternal food allergy (OR=4.91, 95%CI: 2.24-10.76, P6 months (OR=0.38, 95%CI: 0.17-0.86, P<0.05) were protective factors.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The introduction of complementary food at an age of <4 months, maternal food allergy, and antibiotic exposure during pregnancy are risk factors for CMPA in infants.

Influences of cycle index and volume on sensitivity of DNA detection / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the feasibility of improving the sensitivity of DNA detection by increasing the PCR cycle index and decreasing the volume of amplifying system.@*METHODS@#The DNA of semen were collected from 10 healthy irrelevant volunteers, and were quantified to 50, 40, 30, 25, 20, 15, 10 pg/microL, separately. All samples were then amplified in 10, 5, 3 microL volume and at 28, 30, 32, 34, 36 cycles, respectively. 3130 genetic analyzer was used to detect 15 autosomal STR loci.@*RESULTS@#Under the situation of 28 cycles and 3 microL volume, samples which achieved > 40 pg/microL could be correctly typed. Under the situation of 10, 5, 3 microL volume, samples which achieved > 20 pg/microL could be correctly typed at 34 cycles. When increasing the index to 36 cycles, they could not be correctly typed because of the non-specific band.@*CONCLUSION@#DNA detecting sensitivity can be improved to a certain extent by increasing the cycle index and decreasing the volume of amplifying system.

Correlation between genetic polymorphisms of -855 G/C and -1140 G/A in GRIN1 gene and paranoid schizophrenia / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of -855 G/C and -1140 G/A in promoter regions of GRIN1 gene and find their genetic correlation to paranoid schizophrenia as well as their applicable values in forensic medicine.@*METHODS@#The genetic polymorphisms of -855 G/C and -1140 G/A at the 5' end of GRIN1 gene were detected by PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism and PAGE in 183 healthy unrelated individuals of northern Chinese Han population and 172 patients of paranoid schizophrenia, respectively. The chi2 test was used to identify Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium of the genotype distribution. The differences of genotypes and allelic frequency distributions were compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#Distributions of the genotypic frequencies satisfied Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in both groups. The difference of genotypes was statistically significant between female patient group and female control group in -855 G/C distribution (P < 0.05). The differences of genotypes and allelic frequencies were statistically significant not only between the patient group and the control group but also between female patient group and female control group in -1140 G/A distribution (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The SNP of -1140 G/A in promoter regions of GRIN1 gene might positively correlate to paranoid schizophrenia. The genetic factor of schizophrenia is involved in gender tendency. And it could be useful in forensic identification of schizophrenia.

Genetic polymorphisms of four SNP loci in D5 gene of dopamine receptor in Northern Chinese Han population / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To reveal the genetic polymorphisms of four SNP loci (rs77434921, rs2076907, rs6283, rs1800762) in D5 gene of dopamine receptor (DRD5) in Northern Chinese Han population.@*METHODS@#Four SNP loci of the DRD5 gene of 206 unrelated individuals in Northern Chinese Han population were separately amplified and sequenced by PCR technique and statistically analyzed by Haploview v4.1 software.@*RESULTS@#In Northern Chinese Han population, the genotype frequency distribution of rs77434921, rs2076907, rs6283 and rs1800762 loci in the DRD5 gene were all in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. DP value was 0.145, 0.532, 0.602 and 0.159, while PE value was 0.004, 0.079, 0.196 and 0.007. A linkage disequilibrium among these four SNP loci was also demonstrated, which might infer five haplotypes.@*CONCLUSION@#rs2076907 and rs6283 loci of DRD5 gene in the Northern Chinese Han population have high genetic polymorphisms, which can be useful for forensic identification of individuals.

Genetic polymorphisms of SNP loci in the 5' and 3' region of TPH2 gene in Northern Chinese Han population / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the genetic polymorphism in the 5' and 3' region of TPH2 gene of Northern Chinese Han population and to explore its application value in forensic medicine.@*METHODS@#The sequence variants and the genetic polymorphisms of 6 SNP loci (rs4570625, rs11178997, rs11178998, rs41317118, rs17110747 and rs41317114) within a 905 bp 5' flanking region and a 1,104bp 3' flanking region of TPH2 gene were analyzed by DNA sequencing in a total of 244 unrelated healthy individuals in Northern Chinese Han population. The statistical analysis was carried out by Haploview v4.2 software.@*RESULTS@#The genotypic distributions of the 6 SNP loci in the TPH2 gene were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. One C/T variant in 92922 site was found. There was a high linkage disequilibrium among the 3 SNP loci (rs4570625, rs11178997 and rs11178998) in the 5' region and the 3 SNP loci (rs41317118, rs17110747 and rs41317114) in the 3' region of TPH2 gene, respectively. The parameters of population genetics of 6 SNP loci were obtained.@*CONCLUSION@#There are great polymorphisms in the 5' and 3' region of TPH2 gene in Northern Chinese Han population, which could be used as genetic indexes for association analysis of the related diseases, as well as for forensic individual identification and paternity testing.

Relationship between genetic polymorphisms of 3 SNP loci in 5-HTT gene and paranoid schizophrenia / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the population genetic data of 3 SNP loci (rs25533, rs34388196 and rs1042173) of 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter (5-HTT) gene and the association with paranoid schizophrenia.@*METHODS@#Three SNP loci of 5-HTT gene were examined in 132 paranoid schizophrenia patients and 150 unrelated healthy individuals of Northern Chinese Han population by PCR-RFLP technique. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test was performed using the chi-square test and the data of haplotype frequency and population genetics parameters were statistically analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Among these three SNP loci, four haplotypes were obtained. There were no statistically significant differences between the patient group and the control group (P > 0.05). The DP values of the 3 SNP loci were 0.276, 0.502 and 0.502. The PIC of them were 0.151, 0.281 and 0.281. The PE of them were 0.014, 0.072 and 0.072.@*CONCLUSION@#The three SNP loci and four haplotypes of 5-HTT gene have no association with paranoid schizophrenia, while the polymorphism still have high potential application in forensic practice.

Polymorphisms of rs4906902 and rs8179184 loci in the promoter of the GABRB3 gene and their relevance with schizophrenia / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the polymorphisms of rs4906902 and rs8179184 loci in the promoter of the gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA) receptor A, beta3 subunit gene (GABRB3), and their relevance with schizophrenia.@*METHODS@#PCR and DNA sequencing were used to detect the polymorphisms of rs4906902 and rs8179184 loci in 210 healthy individuals (control group) and 206 schizophrenic patients (case group) of the Han population in northern China. The chi2 test was used to identify Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium of the genotype distribution in the control group followed by comparing differences in genotype and haplotype frequency distributions between two groups.@*RESULTS@#Distributions of the genotype frequencies fit the law of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the control group. rs4906902 and rs8179184 loci were in linkage disequilibrium and showed two haplotypes which were T-G and C-A. The differences of genotypic frequencies and haplotype frequencies were statistically significant between the two groups (P < 0.05). The frequency of haplotype C-A in the case group was significantly higher than in the control group. Genotypic and haplotype frequencies in the maternal line and paternal line were statistically significant in the case group (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The haplotype of C-A in rs4906902 and rs8179184 loci in the promoter of GABRB3 gene may be maternally inherited and positively associated with schizophrenia and may be a useful tool in the forensic identification of schizophrenia.

A case of pyeloureteritis glandularis and cystitis glandularis and review of the relevant literature / 中国综合临床

Objective To explore the clinical character,diagnosis and treatment principals of pyeloureteritis glandularis and cystitis glandularis.Methods The clinical manifestation,character of imageology and endoscopy images of the case for one year follow-up were analyzed and the relevant literatures were reviewed.Results During one year follow-up,there was no clinical symptoms and any progress on imageology.The patient is still in close following-up.Conclusions According to literatures,cystitis glandularis is not common in clinical,and it should be paid more attention by clinicians.There were a few reports about the ureteritis glandularis.Pelvis,ureter and bladder have the same epithelial tissue,pyelitis glandularis is very rare,up to now there is no efficient treatment ways.

Relationship between cholecystokinin gene -45C/T polymorphism and schizophrenia and its application in forensic medicine / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the polymorphism of cholecystokinin (CCK) gene -45C/T of schizophrenia and its application in forensic medicine.@*METHODS@#Bidirectional allele specific PCR was used to detect CCK gene -45C/T polymorphisms in 207 schizophrenic patients (case group) and 202 healthy individuals (control group) of the Han population in northern China. The chi2 test was used to identify Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium of the genotype distribution in control group. The differences of genotype and allele frequencies distributions were compared between two groups.@*RESULTS@#Distributions of the genotype frequencies satisfied the law of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in control group. The differences between genotypic frequencies and allele frequencies were not statistical significance in case group and control groups (P > 0.05). Gender-stratified analysis showed that frequency of allele T in female case group was statistically higher than that in female control group (P = 0.044).@*CONCLUSION@#CCK gene -45C/T locus T allele may be positively associated with schizophrenia in female population and useful in schizophrenia identification.

Application of transperineal biopsy of the prostate guided by contract-enhanced transrectal ultrasound / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of contrast-enhanced transrectal ultrasound(CE-TRUS) in the perineal prostate biopsy. Methods A total of 116 patients was undergone prostate biopsy through the perineum under the direction of tansrectal ultrasound. Prostate biopsy standard was based on 2007 CUA revised guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of urological diseases.Color Doppler ultrasonography was used to check the prostate and to learn the prostate focal lesion,size, number and echo color Doppler flow characteristics. Of the 116 cases, 43 patients was undergone contrast-enhanced transrectal ultrasound. Results The biopsy results confirmed the diagnosis of prostate cancer was 64 cases, Benign prostatic hyperplasia was 52 cases. Of 43 cases who undergone contrast-enhanced transrectal ultrasound, Prostate cancer and Benign prostatic hyperplasia were 25 and 18 cases, respectively. CE-TRUS group and TRUS group showed no statistical difference between two groups. Analyzed the cases with PSA≤30 ng/ml, CE-TRUS group had a higher positive rate of biopsy (P=0.046). Conclusion TRUS guided transperineal biopsy of prostate might be an method for the diagnosis of prostate cancer with a higher accuracy rate. CE-TRUS can improve the biopsy positive rate of prostate cancer.

Polymorphic distribution of FUT2/01 in northern Han Chinese population / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the sequence features of FUT2/01 locus and its polymorphic distribution in Chinese population, and to discuss its application potential in forensic medicine.@*METHODS@#The alleles on FUT2/01 locus were amplified by PCR and then were sequenced. Furthermore, polymorphic distribution of the locus was analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The genotypes were characterized with fluorescence labeling followed by automatic detection system.@*RESULTS@#The sequencing results only showed the length differences which were determined by the tandem repeats variance of the core sequence. There were 9 alleles and 28 genotypes identified from 162 individuals. The discrimination power and excluding probability of paternity were 0.9639 and 0.6266, respectively. In addition, the locus could be genotyped by automatic analysis very well.@*CONCLUSION@#The FUT2/01 locus exhibits high heterozygosity and individual identification power in Chinese Han population, and may be a valuable STR system for application in forensic medicine.

Blood Vessels of the Peri-Implant Mucosa: a Comparison Between Flap and Flapless Procedures

BACKGROUND: The vascularity of the peri-implant tissue is a very important parameter in establishment and maintenance of a healthy tissue after dental implant insertion. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the vascularity of the peri-implant mucosa between flap and flapless implant surgeries by using a canine mandible model. STUDY DESIGN: In six mongrel dogs, bilateral, edentulated, flat alveolar ridges were created in the mandible. After 3 months of healing, two implants were placed in each side by either the flap or flapless procedures. After another healing period of 3 months, biopsies were obtained, prepared for light microscopy and exposed to morphometric measurements. RESULTS: The supracrestal connective tissue lateral to the implant was found to be more richly vascularized in the flapless group than in the flap group. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the flapless procedure may have an effect on increasing the vascularity of the peri-implant mucosa.

Ultrasonographic diagnosis of benign cystic lesions in the scrotum / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the ultrasonographic characteristics of benign cystic lesions in the scrotum.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 96 patients with benign cystic lesions in the scrotum were analyzed retrospectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eighteen of the patients had benign cystic lesions in the testis, including 9 cases of intratesticular cystic lesion, 5 tubular ectasia of the rete testis, 2 epidermoid cyst and 2 dermoid cystine. And 78 of the total number had the lesions in the epididymis, including 75 cases of seminal cyst and 3 seminal fluid deposition in the epididymis. High-frequency ultrasound could clearly reveal benign cystic lesions in the scrotum, differentiate them from cystis degeneration of testiculoma, and diagnose tubular ectasia of the rete testis and seminal fluid deposition in the epididymis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ultrasonography could be a first choice and a valuable imaging means in the diagnosis of benign cystic lesions in the scrotum.</p>

Transurethral bipolar plasmakinetic resection of the prostate for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: A report of 100 cases / 中国微创外科杂志

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of transurethral bipolar plasmakinetic resection of the prostate(TUPKRP) for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Methods The operation was completed using a bipolar plasmakinetic resection system(CIRCON ACMI).Three trenches were created at 5,7,and 12 o'clock position,respectively,to divide the middle,left,and right lobes of the prostate gland for resection.The bladder neck was widened in overlapping vaporizing swathes to create a wide-necked funnel down to the level of the surgical capsule.The apical tissue was resected to the anterior border of the seminal colliculus.With a F_(20) or F_(22) three-cavity catheter indwelling for 3~5 d,normal saline irrigation was used for 1~2 d postoperatively.Results The duration of the procedure was 20~180 min(53.2?28.7 min),and resected tissue weighed 8~130 g(23.5?21.6 g).The intraoperative blood loss was 10~300 ml(65.4?46.8 ml) and no blood transfusion was required.No perforation of the prostatic capsule or transurethral resection syndrome occurred.The peak urinary flow rate(Qmax) increased from 8.4?1.9 ml/s preoperatively to 18.4?1.8 ml/s 1 month postoperatively(q=55.498,P﹤0.05).The residual urine(RU) decreased from 80.8?59.7 ml preoperatively to 19.5?10.0 ml postoperatively(q=17.287,P﹤0.05). The international prostate symptom score(IPSS) decreased from 25.7?5.5 preoperatively to 5.7?2.4 postoperatively(q=52.969,P﹤0.05).The scores of quality of life(QOL) decreased from 4.4?1.0 preoperatively to 1.1?0.2 postoperatively(q=42.146,P﹤0.05). Conclusions Transurethral bipolar plasmakinetic resection of the prostate for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia is effective and safe,with few complications.

Detection of DNA damage induced by carbon disulfide in mice sperm with single-cell gel electrophoresis assay / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the genotoxicity of carbon disulfide by detecting DNA damage in mice sperm with single-cell gel electrophoresis assay (SCGE).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>SCGE was used to detect sperm DNA damage. The index of DNA damage, tail length and tail moment were used to evaluate the extent of DNA damage.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In three dosage groups, the rate of DNA damage (67.14%, 84.29% and 91.00%, respectively), index of DNA damage intensity (507, 656 and 745, respectively), tail length (5.87, 8.81 and 13.49 microm, respectively) and tail moment (1.30, 1.63, 2.66 microm, respectively) were significantly increased, while the percentage of head of the comet was significantly decreased (84.55%, 73.84% and 55.71%, respectively). A significant changes were clearly observed in all dosage groups compared to those of the control group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SCGE which is a quick and sensitive method to detect DNA damage induced by CS2 may be used to monitor carcinogen and mutagen.</p>

Experimental study on the pathological changes and early anastomosis of blood vessels in blast-wounded maxillofacial region in dog / 第三军医大学学报

Objective　To investigate the relationship between the pathological changes and the early anastomosis of the blood vessels in blast-wounded maxillofacial region. Methods　A total of 20 dogs were regionally exploded in the left maxillofacial region by KTY-04 electric detonator. Specimens of blood vessels were removed at different distance from the edge of the wounded area at both right after (group A) and 72 h (group B ) after wounded and observed. Free skin flaps with saphenous artery were transplanted to the wounded areas. One week, 2 weeks and 3 months after anastomosis, specimens were taken from the site of anastomosis and observed. Results　Falling off of most vascular endothelial cells and the disappearance of most internal elastic membrane of the artery were observed 3 cm from the wounded area in group A with 5 free flaps died. However in group B almost normal condition was seen at the same region. 12 from 15 flaps survived successfully. Conclusion　The blood vessels begin to proliferate and repair 3 d after blast wound and this may provide the pathological basis for the possible success in the transplantation of the free flaps with blood vessels.

Experimental study on the pathological changes and early anastomosis of blood vessels in blast-wounded maxillofacial region in dog / 第三军医大学学报

Objective　To investigate the relationship between the pathological changes and the early anastomosis of the blood vessels in blast-wounded maxillofacial region. Methods　A total of 20 dogs were regionally exploded in the left maxillofacial region by KTY-04 electric detonator. Specimens of blood vessels were removed at different distance from the edge of the wounded area at both right after (group A) and 72 h (group B ) after wounded and observed. Free skin flaps with saphenous artery were transplanted to the wounded areas. One week, 2 weeks and 3 months after anastomosis, specimens were taken from the site of anastomosis and observed. Results　Falling off of most vascular endothelial cells and the disappearance of most internal elastic membrane of the artery were observed 3 cm from the wounded area in group A with 5 free flaps died. However in group B almost normal condition was seen at the same region. 12 from 15 flaps survived successfully. Conclusion　The blood vessels begin to proliferate and repair 3 d after blast wound and this may provide the pathological basis for the possible success in the transplantation of the free flaps with blood vessels.