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As an important component of functional magnetic resonance imaging,diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) can provide qualitative and quantitative information for tumor evaluation and distinguish esophageal lesions and mediastinal lymph node metastasis.DWI-computed tomography fusion images facilitate the delineation of target volume.During radiotherapy or concurrent chemoradiotherapy for esophageal carcinoma,monitoring the changes in apparent diffusion coefficient value helps to predict the early treatment outcomes and prognosis;DWI compensates for the shortcomings of radiography alone in the evaluation of short-term treatment outcomes.This paper reviews the application of DWI in the diagnosis,delineation of target volume,assessment of treatment outcomes,and prognostic prediction in radiotherapy for esophageal carcinoma.
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Objective To evaluate the role of 11C-methionine positron emission tomographv(MET PET-CT)in differentiating tumor recurrence from radiation necrosis in brain slioma patients.Methods From June 2008 to September 2009,30 brain glioma patients with suspected tumor recurvence or radiation necrosis after radiotherapy were evaluated by MET PET-CT.The median time between initial radiotherapy and PET examination was 13.5 months.Tumor recurrence were confirmed by histological analysis while necrosis was based on histological analysis or the subsequent clinical follow-up.Results Eighteen out of 19 patients were histologically confirmed tumor recurrence among those tumor recurrence shown by MET PET-CT after surgery or stereotactic biopsy.11 patients were considered to have radiation necrosis because of stable neurological sympotoms and without massive enlargement of the lesion during the after follow-up.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of MET PET-CT for detecting tumor recurrence were 100%,91.7%and 96.7%respectively.Conclusion MET PET-CT is a powerful tool in differentiating brain tumor recurrence from radiation necrosis after radiotherapy.
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Objective Assess the value of pleura sliding sign with chest ultrasonography in the prediction of pleura adhesion prior to video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS).Method 63 patients were evaluated for pleura sliding signs with chest ultrasonography at 9 points along the chest wall prior to thoracotomies and were compared with the findings of the same points during the operation.Methods Pleura sliding signs on 567 points were examined in 63 cases,and 106 points pleura adhesion were found by chest ultrasonography and 72 points were proved by operations.461 points were no pleura adhesion under chest unltrasonography and 495 points had no pleura adhesion confirmed by operations.Results The sensitivity,specificity,negative predictive value,positive predictive value and overall accuracy were 80.56%,90.03%,96.96%,54.72% and 9.07%,respectively.The Receiver Operating Characteristic(ROC)curve showed that there should be no pleura adhesion if there were more than 8 points positive pleura sliding signs.Conclusion Examination of pleura sliding sign by chest ultrasonography is helpful to predict the presence and location of pleura adhesion prior to VATS.
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Objective To explore the relationship between expression of muc-1 gene in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues and lymph node metastasis and its clinical significance.Methods The expression of muc-1 gene in 36 specimens of NSCLC tissues and 10 normal lung tissues were determined by RT-PCR.Results muc-1 gene was positively expressed in 19 of 36 specimens of NSCLC tissues,the positive expression rate was 52.7%.The expression of muc-1 mRNA in NSCLC tissues was related to metastasis of lymph node(?2 =6.733,P0.05).The positive expression rate of muc-1 gene was higher in NSCLC tissues with lymph node metastasis(N0 10%,N1 58.82%,N2 88.9%).Conclusion The lymph node metastasis rate in NSCLC patients with muc-1 gene positive expression is higher,the detection of muc-1 gene expression can guide the prognosis and therapy of NSCLC patients after operation.
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Objective To study the expression of CD44 gene in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) tissue and the relationship with prognosis.Methods The expressions of CD44 gene in 36 specimens from 36 patients with NSCLC were determined by RT-PCR and all the patients were followed up for 3 years.Results CD44 gene was excessively expressed in 21 of 36 specimens of NSCLC tissues,excessive expression rate was 58.3%.The expression of CD44 mRNA in NSCLC tissue was related to metastasis of lymph node(?2 =9.787,P
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Objective To investigate the protective effect and it's possible mechanism of Tanshinone ⅡA in radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis.Methods Having the right hemithorax of female Wistar rats irradiated(30?Gy) in 10 fractions within 14 days by 6 ?MV photons,the radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis animal model was established.In the treatment group,sodium Tanshinone ⅡA sulfonate(15?mg/kg) was given by intraperitoneal injection 1 hour before each fraction of irradiation.Five months after irradiation,the difference of the histopathological changes,the hydroxyproline content and expression of TGF-?1 between the radiation alone group,tanshinone plus radiation and control group were analyzed by HE stain,Massion stain,immunohistochemical methor and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) method.Results The histopathological comparison revealed the protective effect of Tanshinone ⅡA.The content of hydroxyproline was(21.99?3.96),((38.25?)(7.18)),(28.94?4.29)??g/g in the control group,radiation alone group and radiation plus Tanshinone ⅡA.The expression of TGF-?1(mRNA and protein) was reduced by Tanshinone ⅡA.Pathological changes of the pulmonary fibrosis was reduced by Tanshinone ⅡA yet.Conclusions Our study shows that Tanshinone ⅡA can inhibit radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis,and the possible mechanism of its may be made possible through down-regulating the expression of TGF-?1 in the irritated lung tissue.