reversal of cholesterol transport in hyperlipoproteinemia

High levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C] can reverse cholesterol accumulation in the arterial wall by reversing cholesterol transport. To determine this fact by getting high levels of HDL-C fraction of serum nicotinic acid was given in a 3 g daily dose for 6 weeks to 20 patients of mean age 52 +/- 9 years, with type IIa, type IIb and type IV hyperlipoproteinemia [HLP]. The cholesterol levels of serum very low density [VLDL] and low density [LDL] lipoprotein decreased during treatment [P <0.05]. Serum HDL cholesterol levels increased by 37%. Changes in the concentrations of HDL-C after 6 weeks of drug treatment were not related to the type of HLP, neither were these effects of nicotinic acid correlated with changes in VLDL or LDL lipid levels. From this study it was concluded that HDL-C could be increased by prolonged nicotinic acid therapy and, therefore, could reverse cholesterol transport. High levels of HDL-C is an important determinant of the antiatherogenic effects of the drug

Study of the effect of high doses of ethenyl estradiol on the heart ultrastructural, and histopathological study in the guinea pigs

Twenty five male mature guinea pigs were included in this study. Five were used as a control group and twenty guinea pigs were given ethenyl estradiol in a dose of 100 mcg/kg body weight. Ten animals were sacrificed after two months and the other 10 animals after 4 months. The cardiac muscle showed spacing between the fibers with perivascular cellular infiltration including neutrophils and mononuclears. Later on, thickening of the wall of the small blood vessels with swollen endothelial cells and narrowing of the lumen were noticed. Associated intravascular coagulation in the small blood vessels occurred more after 4 months. EM showed spacing between fibers, dilated smooth endoplasmic reticulum, occasional fibroblasts. Therefore, estrogen should be used with great caution and it should not be used in medicated feeds