Influence of mother's caries experience and gingival condition on their preschool children's oral health

This study was designed to correlated mothers' caries experience and gingival condition to their preschool children's oral health and to clarify the prediction of future caries of their children from their salivary streptococcus mutans count. A total of 200 child and their mothers were included in this study, selected from well-baby private and governmental clinics, their age ranged from 24-36M. The results revealed that the prevalence and colonization of salivary S. Mutans was higher in 36M children than 24M and there was a very high positive correlation between their salivary S.Mutans count and their mothers' count where [r=0.84 and r.0.75] respectively. While no statistical significant were found with their past and present caries experiences where p>0.05. Thus maternal salivary streptococcus mutans count is used for dental caries prediction of preschool children. Moreover, the dft of the children appeared to be associated with Oral Rating Index [ORI] scores of their mothers where P<0.001. Thus dental professionals' efforts should be targeted toward primary preventive programs for mothers and their children

Saliva as biomonitoring medium for presticides

This study was designed to measure the pesticides residue in different groups of pesticides pesticides workers by using the saliva of such workers as a biomonitoring method in the occupational field. A questionnaire was designed to assess the signs and symptoms expressed by the operators as result of the exposure to different types of pesticides. The results of this study showed that there was no difference between the pesticides residues found in the salivary samples and the pesticides residues found in the blood samples. The data gained from the questionnaire showed that most of the exposed workers were suffering from headache, dermal, dizziness, eye and respiratory symptoms after the exposure to the pesticides. It was concluded that it is useful to use the saliva in the occupational biomonitoring and the environmental researches

Efficacy of two dentine desensitizing agents in a group of geriatric patients

Treatment of hypersensitivity and dentinal tubules occlusion which have been a non-consistent and controversial issue was investigated in vitro and in vivo in this study. The in vivo study comprised forty five volunteer geriatric patients from both sexes taken from geriatric institutions, their age ranged from 55-65 years. Each patient had one of their sensitive teeth treated with a placebo solution and the remaining sensitive teeth were treated either by potassium oxalate containing agent [Super seal] or sodium silicate agent. Sensitivity was then tested after 1 week, 2 weeks and 3 weeks respectively using a visual analog scale [VAS] in order to show their clinical effect on the level of discomfort and pain responses for those complaining from hypersensitivity. Furthermore, an in vitro study was done in order to determine the role of these agents in obliteration of opened sensitive dentinal tubules using scanning electron microscope examination and computer digital analysis photomicrograph. The diameter of dentinal tubules were calculated by stained red pixels augmented with histological polarized light appearance photographs. All the qualitative and quantitative findings were then statistically analyzed. Results showed that the oxalate containing solution revealed an immediate increase in the mean value toward " no pain" followed by slight decrease. Also their in-vitro specimen showed a marked reduction in the opening of dentinal tubules by it with large calcium oxalate crystals decreasing its diameter approx. to 2.39% compared with the control specimens with diameter 8.21%. while the silicate specimen showed a slight reduction in dentinal tubule diameter by deposition of small silica particles which takes time to act as a nuclear template for minerals deposition decreasing tubules diameter to 5.10% respectively

Effect of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene mutation on plasma homocysteine level and its prevalence in arterial diseases

Two common polymorphisms of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase [MTHFR] gene, the thermolabile C677T and A1298C polymorphism may contribute to hyperhomocysteinemia, a known risk factor for vascular diseases. Twenty with coronary artery disease [CAD] and 20 patients with cerebro-vascular stroke [CVS] were compared with 20 controls. Using PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism [RFLP] analysis, we studied C677T and A 1298C MTHFR genotypes and their combined effect on homocysteine, measured by chemiluminescent enzymatic immunometric assay. Homocysteine values were significantly higher in CAD [16.12 +/- 5.09 micromol/L] and in CVS [16.79 +/- 5.93 micromol/L] compared with controls [10.43 +/- 2.57 micromol/L, P<0.01]. In C677T genotype, homocysteine was significantly higher in TT [18.26 +/- 2.75 micromol/L] and in CT [17.60 +/- 7.22 micromol/L] than in CC genotype [12.94 +/- 4.16 micromol/L, P<0.01]. However, in A1298C genotype, no significant difference was found between the mean homocysteine level in AA genotype [14.14 +/- 4.32 micromol/L], AC genotype [14.25 +/- 5.50 micromol/L] and CC genotype patients [16.28 +/- 8.76 micromol/L, P>0.05]. A significant positive correlation between plasma homocysteine and cholesterol [r=0.37, P<0.01] and LDL-C levels was found [r=0.321, P<0.05]. The percentage of patients with high homocysteine level [>/-15 micromol/L] were significantly higher in CAD [50%] and CVS [55%] than controls [5%, P<0.01, odd ratio=21]. In contrast to the A1298C polymorphism, the MTHFR TT and CT genotypes were associated with hyperhomocysteinemia. The knowledge of the MTHFR mutation [C677T] status might represent a way to identify subjects at high risk for hyperhomocysteinemia

Assessment of the application of tanaka and johnston prediction method in egyptian and jordanian populations

This study was carried out to assess the applicability of Tanaka and Johnston prediction method in predicting the mesioclistal width of unerupted canines and premolars in two samples taken from Egyptians and Jordanians. The Egyptian sample consisted of 90 school children [44 boys and 46 girls], and the Jordanian sample consisted of 85 school children [42 boys and 43 girls], with an age range of 13 - 16 years for both samples. Measurements of the teeth widths were carried out using a special computer soft ware program. Such Measurements were found to be highly reproducible and very close to the manual measurements. Descriptive statistics on the mesiodistal crown diameters of all the permanent teeth mesial to the second permanent molars for both Egyptians and Jordanians were made. In the same population, males manifested larger teeth than females. Also in general, teeth widths of Egyptian males and females were larger than those of the Jordanians. Moreover, the sum of maxillary canine and premolars and the sum of the mandibular canine and premolars were significantly larger in Egyptians. On testing the applicability of Tanaka and Johnston's equations in Egyptians and Jordanians, it was found that on comparing the predicted mesiodistal widths of the canines and premolars of the Egyptians and Jordanians obtained from Tanaka and Johnston method with those of the actual widths, highly significant differences were obtained except for those of the preu.cted maxillary canine and premolars of the Egyptians. So new equations based on Egyptian and Jordanian data were developed. Our developed equations were found to be more accurate and applicable in Egyptians and Jordanians than those of Tanaka and Johnston method

new modality using CO2 modification for treatment of recurrent aphthous ulcer in children

The aim of this study was to apply a new modification of CO2 laser for treatment of aphthous ulcer in children. Twenty-four children suffering from RAUs, their age ranging from 5-14 years. The children were divided into two groups. The first group i.e. group I [12 patients] received CO2 laser at 1w power in a focused continuous mode for five minutes after wetting the ulcer with water. The second group [i.e. group II] received CO., laser in the same way but without wetting the ulcer. In both groups the ulcer were measured in mm[2] by a graduated and before laser application, just after application, 3 days after, 7 days after then one month later; and the changes in the size of the ulcer were recorded. Moreover, children were asked to answer questions concerning their pain sensation, eating capability and discomfort and all responses were tabulated. The results showed that CO2 laser application with or without wetting showed immediate pain relief and the child can eat spontaneously after application with no history of recurrence. While those in group I showed better results concerning postoperative oedema than group II

Serum carboxy terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen as a marker of bone metastasis from lung cancer

In this study, carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen [ICTP] was measured in both metastatic as well as non-metastatic bronchogenic carcinoma patients and it was compared with a group of normal controls. The serum level of ICTP was significantly higher in the metastatic as well as non-metastatic groups of patients compared with the control group. It was also higher in metastatic group when compared with the non-metastatic one. It was found that at a cut off value of 5.5 mu/l of ICTP, the diagnostic sensitivity was 96.2%, specificity was 86.6% and accuracy was 92.8%

Serum haptoglobin and alpha 2 macroglobulin in different grades of burns

The study was conducted on 30 patients sufferings from various degrees of burns. These patients were classified into 3 groups according to the surface area affected by the burn. Proportional to varies 2 -macroglobulin and haptoglobin were estimated during the first 24 hours after burn by automated immunoprecipitation. The study was a cross- sectional one at the time of confirming the diagnosis to see if the studied proteins could assist in staging or prognosis of burn condition. Serum proportional to varies 2 macroglobulin was significantly increased in group I and Hp was also increased especially in group III