Efficacy and safety of № I Empirical Prescription for Chronic Prostatitis in the treatment of type Ⅲ refractory chronic prostatitis / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>Objective</b>To evaluate the efficiency and safety of № I Empirical Prescription for Chronic Prostatitis (№ I EPCP) in the treatment of type Ⅲ refractory chronic prostatitis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We randomly assigned 53 cases of type Ⅲ refractory chronic prostatitis with damp-heat and blood stasis to an experimental and a control group to receive № I EPCP at 1 dose per day and saw palmetto extract at 160 mg bid), respectively, all for 8 weeks. Before and after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment, we obtained The National Institute of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) scores, Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Scores (TCMSS), maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), average urinary flow rate (Qavg), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) scores and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) scores, and compared them between the two groups of patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Totally 48 of the patients completed the medication and follow-up, 25 in the experimental and 23 in the control group. Compared with the baseline, the NIH-CPSI scores after 8 weeks of treatment were significantly decreased in the experimental (27.82 ± 7.25 vs 15.46 ± 4.77, P <0.05) and the control group (25.98 ± 6.47 vs 21.06 ± 5.74, P <0.05), and so were the TCMSSs (24.64 ± 9.82 vs 16.42 ± 6.33 and 9.15 ± 3.74, P <0.05, and 23.67 ± 8.73 vs 18.55 ± 5.92 and 13.48 ± 4.45, P <0.05); the Qmax at 8 weeks were dramatically increased in the experimental group (［18.45 ± 7.81］ vs ［23.44 ± 8.73］ ml/s, P <0.05) and the control (［17.58 ± 6.92］ vs ［21.26 ± 8.32］ ml/s, P <0.05), and so was the Qavg (［11.27 ± 5.33］ vs ［16.51 ± 7.36］ ml/s, P <0.05 and ［10.66 ± 5.82］ vs ［13.44 ± 6.16］ ml/s, P <0.05); the HAMD scores were remarkably reduced in the experimental group (22.74 ± 6.37 vs 17.62 ± 5.71 and 12.54 ± 5.22, P <0.05) and the control (23.55 ± 7.14 vs 22.34 ± 6.88 and 21.62 ± 5.63, P <0.05), and so were the HAMA scores (21.37 ± 7.15 vs 18.42 ± 6.35 and 14.63 ± 7.11, P <0.05 and 20.54 ± 6.77 vs 19.87 ± 6.24 and 19.42 ± 7.04, P <0.05). No obvious adverse reactions were observed in either of the two groups during the medication.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>№ I EPCP deserves promotion and clinical application for its definite effectiveness and safety in the treatment of type Ⅲ refractory chronic prostatitis with damp-heat and blood stasis.</p>

Effects of Zhibai Dihuang Decoction on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase in the spermatogenic cells of rats with ureaplasma urealyticum infection / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To explore the effects of Zhibai Dihuang Decoction (ZDD) on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase (COX) in the spermatogenic cells of rats with ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) infection.@*METHODS@#From forty 4－5 months old SD rats, 30 were randomly selected for the establishment of the model of testicular UU infection by inoculating the bladder with UU suspension and the other 10 injected with normal saline as controls (group A). At 7 days after inoculation, the rat models of testicular UU infection were treated orally with normal saline (group B), ZDD at 1 g per kg of the body weight per day (group C), and azithromycin at 0.105 g per kg of the body weight per day (group D), respectively, once daily for 21 days. Then all the animals were sacrificed and the epididymal and testicular tissues collected for examination of sperm motility with the color sperm dynamic detection system, measurement of the COX activity with the immunohistochemical DAB method, and determination of the mRNA expressions of COXⅠ and COXⅡ by RT-PCR.@*RESULTS@#Compared with group A, group B showed significant decreases in such sperm parameters as grade a sperm (［1.03 ± 0.09］ vs ［0.07 ± 0.03］ %, P0.05), average path velocity (VAP) (［16.22 ± 1.52］ vs ［10.05 ± 1.80］ μm/s, P0.05), and all the parameters were significantly higher in group C than in D (P<0.05or P<0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#UU infection can reduce grades a and b sperm, linear, curvilinear and mean sperm velocities, and the mRNA expressions of COX Ⅰ and Ⅱ while ZDD can improve these parameters. The improvement of sperm motility may not be associated with the activity of COX, and the COX activity may be related to the mRNA expression of COX II but not that of COXⅠ.

Effect of Zhibai Dihuang Decoction on Expressions of TRPV1 and TRPV5 in Spermatogenic Cells of UU-infected Rats / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of Zhibai Dihuang Decoction (ZDD) on mRNA and protein expressions of transient receptor potential family vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) and transient receptor potential family vanilloid subtype 5 (TRPV5) in Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU)-infected rat semens and spermatogenic cells, and to explore the pathomechanism of UU-infected infertility and the intervention of ZDD.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 45 were randomly selected from 60 4-5 months old SD rats. UU testicular infected animal models were set up after bladder inoculation of UU suspension. The remaining 15 rats were simultaneously injected with normal saline as a normal control group. After a successful modeling, UU infected model rats were randomly divided into the model group, the azithromycin group, and the ZDD group, 15 in each group. Rats in the ZDD group were administered with ZDD at the daily dose of 1 g/kg by gastrogavage. Rats in the azithromycin group were administered with azithromycin suspension at the daily dose of 0. 105 mg/kg by gastrogavage. Equal volume of normal saline was administered to rats in the normal control group and the model group. All medication was performed once daily for 21 successive days. Testes and epididymis were extracted after rats were killed and UU positive rates were compared among all groups. Sperm cells were separated using a mechanical separation technique. Sperm motility parameters were detected using color sperm motion detection system. mRNA and protein expressions of TRPV1 and TRPV5 in spermatogenic cells were determined by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The UU positive rate was obviously higher in the model group than in the normal control group [(86.7% (13/15 cases) vs. 0] P < 0.05). It was lower in the ZDD group [33.3% (5/15 cases)] and the azithromycin group [26.7% (4/15 cases)] than in the model group (P < 0.05). Compared with the normal control group, class A and B sperms were reduced, the linear velocity and the average velocity were significantly lowered, mRNA and protein expressions of TRPV1 and TRPV5 in spermated genic cells significantly decreased in the model group (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, class A and B sperms were increased, linear and curve velocities and the average velocity were significantly elevated, mRNA and protein expressions of TRPV1 and TRPV5 significantly increased in the ZDD group and the azithromycin group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with azithromycin group, class A and B sperms were increased, the linear velocity and the average velocity were significantly elevated, mRNA and protein expressions of TRPV1 and TRPV5 significantly increased in the ZDD group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ZDD could fight against UU infection and elevate semen quality, which might be associated with up-regulating mRNA and protein expressions of TRPV1 and TRPV5 in spermatogenic cells.</p>

Combination of acupuncture, cupping and medicine for treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome: a multi-central randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical effect of combination of acupuncture, cupping and medicine for treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>By using multi-central randomized controlled method, 186 cases were randomly divided into an acupuncture combined with cupping and western medicine group (group A), an acupuncture combined with cupping group (group B) and a western medicine group (group C) and treated continuously for 4 weeks. The treatment of acupuncture combined with cupping was produced by acupuncture at five mental points and moving cupping on the Hechelu of the back, once evrey other day, thrice each week, and the western medicine therapy by oral administration of Amitriptyline, once each day. The scores of McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), the amount of tenderness point and the time of producing effect were compared and the therapeutic effects were assessed with the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The cured and markedly effective rate was 65.0% (39/60) in the group A, which was superior to 15.9% (10/63) in the group B and 16.1% (9/56) in the group C (both P < 0.001). After treatment, the scores of MPQ and HAMD and the amount of tenderness point all decreased in the three groups, group A being significantly better than group B and group C, and the time of producing effect in the group A was more earlier than those in the group B and the group C.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The therapeutic effect of combination of acupuncture, cupping and medicine on fibromyalgia syndrome is superior to that of the simple acupuncture combined with cupping or the simple medicine.</p>

Controlled observation on electroacupuncture combined with cake-separated moxibustion for treatment of tennis elbow / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore an effective method for treatment of tennis elbow.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and twenty-eight cases were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group, 64 cases in each group. The treatment group were treated by electroacupuncture at Hegu (LI 4) and Taichong (LR 3), combined with cake-seperated moxibustion at Ashi points and Shousanli (LI 10) in the affected elbow, and the control group by routine block treatment of 1 mL lidocane and 25 mg prednisone.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The cured rate and the effective rate were 40.6% and 93.7% in the treatment group, and 25.0% and 78.1% in the control group, respectively, with a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Electroacupuncture combined with cake-separated moxibustion is an effective method for tennis elbow.</p>

Comparison of genetic polymorphism of cytochrome CYP2C19 between men and women in Chinese population / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To assess the effect of gender on genetic polymorphism of cytochrome CYP2C19 in Chinese population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The genetic polymorphism of 140 healthy Chinese were analysed by PCR-RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of 52 genotyped male subjects, 23 (44.23%) were homozygous for wildtype (wt/wt), 6 (11.54%) were homozygous for CYP2C19 m1 (m1/m1), and 23 (44.23%) were heterozygous for CYP2C19 m1 or CYP2C19 m2 (wt/m1 or wt/m2); and among the 88 genotyped female subjects, 31 (35.23%) were homozygous for wildtype (wt/wt), 13 (14.82%) were homozygous for CYP2C19 m1 (m1/m1), and 44 (50.0%) were heterozygous for CYP2C19 m1 or CYP2C19 m2 (wt/m1 or wt/m2); no homozygous genotype for CYP2C19 m2 (m2/m2) was found in the study.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There is no statistical difference in ocurance of wt/wt and m1/m1 between in male and in female, so gender have no significant effect on genetic polymorphism of cytochrome CYP2C19.</p>

Risk of tuberculosis in rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis patients treated with tumor necrosis factor antagonists / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective To study the risk of tuberculosis (TB) infection in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients before and after treated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antago- nists.Methods RA and AS patients treated with TNF antagonists infliximab and etanercept between 2003 and 2006 were followed up for the risk of TB infection.The protein purified derivative (PPD) test and chest anteroposterior and lateral view X-ray were done at screening for all these patients.Results Among 67 RA patients screened,1 was PPD positive.One patient developed right supraclavicular lymph node TB 4 months after study completion.Among 203 AS patients screened,27 patients were PPD positive,2 had calcified pul- monary TB foci and 2 had pulmonary TB.PPD positive rates and calcified TB foci or active TB found in RA and AS patients screened were significantly lower than national TB infection rates and prevalence (P＜0.01). Conclusion In this short-term clinical observation,increased risk of TB infection was not found after TNF antagonists treatment in RA and AS patients.However,it is necessary to screen patients for signs of TB infec- tion before TNF antagonists treatment.

Etiological factors and clinical characteristics of thirteen cases of non-traumatic rhabdomyolysis / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective To investigate the etiological factors, clinical features and prognosis of non- traumatic rhabdomyolysis(RML). Methods The medical records of 13 non-traumatic RML patients hospital- ized between 1995-2006 were reviewed. The etiological, clinical, laboratory and therapeutic data were anal- ysed. Results Among 13 patients with non-traumatic RML, multiple factors were responsible for rhabdomyol- ysis in eight patients and single etiologic factor in 5 patients. Different etiological factors were identified, in- cluding 6 with excessive exercise, 3 with hyperpyrexia, 3 with drugs(including illicit drugs, fenofibrate, cy- closporine), 3 complicated with inflammatory myopathy and 2 with limbs compression. Nine patients had myal- gia and muscle weakness, 6 patients had abnormality in nervous system, 4 patients had hyperpyrexia, 3 pa- tients had digestive symptoms. Nine patients were complicated by coagulation disorders and 6 with acute renal failure(ARF). The serum levels of creatine kinase(CK)were decreased to normal within one month in 6 patients, the patient whose rhabdomyolysis was induced by fenofibrate with diabetes and chronic renal failure showed to inadequate decrease within 60 days. Three patients whose problem was induced by inflammatory myopathy, CK levels decreased within 4 months and 6 months in 2 patients, respectively, but CK level was not returned to normal level in one patient during the 80 follow-up days. Three patients died from multiple causes, such as ARF, coagulation disorders,electrolyte and metabolic disturbances. Conclusion Excessive exercise is the most common cause of non-traumatic RML, followed by drugs and inflammatory myopathy. The prognosis is poor in patients with multiple etiological factors and ARF.