Ginsenoside Rg1 ameliorates blood-brain barrier disruption and traumatic brain injury

During the traumatic brain injury (TBI), improved expression of circulatory miR-21 serves as a diagnostic feature. Low levels of exosome-miR-21 in the brain can effectively improve neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, reduce nerve apoptosis, restore neural function and ameliorate TBI. We evaluated the role of macrophage derived exosomes-miR-21 (M-Exos-miR-21) in disrupting BBB, deteriorating TBI, and Rg1 interventions. IL-1

Effect of several penetration enhancers on transdermal absorption in vitro of syringin, chologenic acid and rutin in Xuelian cataplasm / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of different penetration enhancers on the transcutaneous permeability of syringin, chologenic acid and rutin in Xuelian cataplasm in vitro and to determine the effective enhancer.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Using improved Franz-type diffusion cell and excised big mouse skin in vitro as transdermal barrier, the kinetics parameters of syringin, chologenic acid and rutin in Xuelian cataplasm such as cumulative permeation quantity, permeation rate were determined by HPLC. The enhancement ability of azone (A-zone), propylene glycol (PG) was investigated when used either uniquely or combinatively.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>With the 7% azone, the syringin, chologenic acid and rutin in Xuelian cataplasm could penetrate through the skin of rats well.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The selection of the best penetration enhancers provide reference for Xuelian cataplasm.</p>

Application of macroporous absorption resin in purification for active constituents from Saussurea involucrata / 中草药

Objective To study the technological parameters of the purification process for active cons-tituents from Saussurea involucrata.Methods Using absorption and desorption rates of syringin,chologenic acid,and rutin as the primary screening indexes,four resins were selected,and the conditions of absorption and desorption were optimized for active constituents.Results Resin HPD400 gave good separation performance and was selected to purify the active constituents in S.involucrata.The optimum parameters were established as followings:4 BV(bed volume)sample extract whose pH value was adjusted to pH 2-3 by HCl was passed through the column with a flow rate of 1 BV/h,12 h later,the column was washed with 4 BV water,6 BV 30% ethanol and 4 BV 50% ethanol,respectively.The combined 30% and 50% ethanolic elutes were taken as object products.Conclusion The contents of active constituents were increased to about five times.Macroporous absorption resin HPD400 could be well used in separating and purifying the active constittuents from S.involucrata.