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@#Abstract: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global public health problem due to its highly contagious nature. This article aims to discuss the current situation of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19, and to provide a basis for traditional Chinese medicine research and scientific and standardized treatment of COVID-19.In this article, the etiology, pathogenesis, treatment plan and research progress were summarized, analyzed and concluded by retrieving and reviewing the literature and clinical reports related to the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 with traditional Chinese medicine. Traditional Chinese medicine has obvious effects in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19, improvement of clinical symptoms, and control of disease progression, which had the unique advantages of mild curative efficacy and safety. It has important practical significance in relieving patients' early symptoms and reducing the incidence of progression from mild to severe, and had great potential for development in the treatment of COVID-19. The traditional Chinese medicine intervention and the formulation of diagnosis and treatment plans for the COVID-19 need to be continuously optimized and improved. Scientific and rational application of traditional Chinese medicine to prevent and treat COVID-19, optimization diagnosis and treatment programs, and in-depth exploration of pharmacological mechanisms, especially the provide reference for early intervention of new coronavirus pneumonia by traditional Chinese medicine, the control of disease progression in the middle stage, and improve prognosis in the late stage with Western medicine.
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Objective: To compare the efficacy between laparoscopic and open proximal gastrectomy with double-tract reconstruction for Siewert type II and III adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG). Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Inclusion criteria: (1) 18 to 80 years old; (2) Siewert II and III AEG was confirmed by preoperative gastroscopy and biopsy, which could not be resected by endoscopy; patients undergoing radical proximal gastrectomy with double-tract reconstruction; (3) contrast-enhanced abdominal CT staging was cT1-2N0M0; (4) Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) physical status score <2 points, American Association of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade 1 to 2; (5) patients agreed to perform proximal gastrectomy and signed an informed consent. Those who had undergone neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy, suffered from serious mental diseases and had incomplete data were excluded. According to the above criteria, clinical data of 84 consecutive patients with Siewert II and III AEG undergoing surgery at General Surgery Department of The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University from October 2010 to December 2018 were collected and analyzed. Of 84 patients, 61 underwent open proximal gastrectomy with double-tract reconstruction (OPG group), while 23 underwent laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy with double-tract reconstruction (LPG group). The perioperative complications and postoperative reflux esophagitis of two groups were compared. A P-value of <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: Among 84 cases, 74 were male and 10 were female. There were 43 cases of Siewert type II and 41 cases of Siewert type III. There were no significant differences in age, gender, body mass index, comorbidities, Siewert type, and tumor staging between the two groups (all P>0.05). As compared to the OPG group, the LPG group had longer operation duration [(223±21) minutes vs. (161±14) minutes, t=15.352, P<0.001], less intraoperative blood loss [195 (150, 215) ml vs. 208 (192, 230) ml, Z=2.143, P=0.032], and shorter time to flatus [(2.8±0.7) days vs. (3.3±0.9) days, t=2.477, P=0.015]. There were no significant differences in the number of harvested lymph nodes, time to the first meal and postoperative hospital stay between the two groups (all P>0.05). Postoperative complications developed in 2 cases (8.7%, 1 case each for anastomotic leakage and intestinal obstruction) in the LPG group and 5 cases (8.2%, 1 case each for anastomotic leakage, anastomotic bleeding, and anastomotic stenosis, 2 cases of incision infection) in the OPG group (χ(2)=5.603, P=0.231). The median follow-up was 41.2 (12.8-110.5) months. One patient (1.6%,1/61) had obvious reflux symptoms in the OPG group, compared with none in the LPG group (χ(2)=0.644, P=0.422). Esophagitis occurred in 1 case (4.8%, 1/21) in LPG group, compared with 4 patients (7.1%, 4/56) in the OPG group, without significant difference between the two groups (χ(2)=0.505, P=0.477). Conclusion: Laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy with double-tract reconstruction is safe and feasible without increasing the risk of postoperative complication and reflux esophagitis.
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Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven , Adenocarcinoma/cirugía , Unión Esofagogástrica/cirugía , Gastrectomía , Laparoscopía , Estudios Retrospectivos , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirugía , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the prognostic significance of Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index 2 (FLIPI2) in FL patients treated with rituximab maintenance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A tatol of 140 newly diagnosed FL patients who received Rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone (R-CHOP) chemotherapy in our department were retrospectively analyzed from December 2002 to December 2014. Among 140 patients with FL 122 patients achieved response, from them 56 patients received R maintenance (RM) every 2 months for median 8 times (RM group) while the rest 66 patients did not receive further anti-lymphoma treatment (non-RM group).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no statistical difference in age, sex, pathologic grading, staging, FLIPI or FLIPI2 between RM and non-RM groups. The 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) of RM and non-RM groups were 89.7% and 77.6% (P=0.043) while the 2-year overall survival were 100% and 98.6% (P=0.131). FLIPI2 is a significant prognostic model either in the total cohort, RM or non-RM groups (P<0.001 all). In subgroup analysis, RM was able to decrease disease progression in low and intermediate-risk group of FLIPI2, while the 2-year PFS of RM and non-RM groups in high-risk group were similar (55.6% vs 46.9%)(P=0.920).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>FLIPI2 presents robust prognostic significance either in RM or OBS patients, the patients in FLIPI2 low and intermediate-risk group may benefite from RM, but the role of RM in high-risk patients should be further to investigate.</p>
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BACKGROUND:The angiogenesis may be related to the proliferation of neural stem ceils,but there is still no unified view.OBJECTIVE:To observe the influence of angiogenesis on neural stem cell proliferation in the subventricular zone of rats after focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.METHODS:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal group,sham group,vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)+cerebral ischemia/reperfusion group,normal saline (NS)+cerebral ischemia/reperfusion group.The injection was done via the lateral cerebral ventricle.Then,each group was subdivided into four groups (1,2,7,14 days after ischemia/reperfusion).Focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion models were made by the thread method.After modeling,the corresponding intervention was given in each group.The expression changes of Nestin and vWF mRNA in the subventricular zone were detected in all groups by immunohistochemical staining and real-time PCR,respectively.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There was a certain increase in vWF and Nestin positive expression in the subventricular zone after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.At 7 days after ischemia,the expression of vWF mRNA and Nestin reached the peak,indicating the proliferation of neural stem cells in the subventricular zone after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion is associated with the time of angiogenesis.In addition,the expression of vWF mRNA and Nestin was significantly higher in the VEGF+cerebral ischemia/reperfusion group than the other two groups,indicating angiogenesis could promote the proliferation of neural stem ceils in the subventricular zone of rats after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.
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Objective To investigate the effect of peptide Tat-GluR6-9c on phosphorylations and protein expressions of mixed-lineage kinase 3 (MLK3),mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 (MKK7) and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK),and its effect on hippocampus CA1 region neuronal cell injury induced by cerebral ischemia followed by reperfusion.Methods Twenty four adult male SD rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group,ischemia-reperfusion group (I/R),Tat-GluR6-AA treatment group and Tat-GluR6-9c treatment group (n=6).Four-vessel occlusion method was employed to establish the cerebral ischemia models in the later 3 groups.The effects of peptide Tat-GluR6-9c on the phosphorylations and protein expressions of MLK3 (6 h after the reperfusion) and JNK (3 d after the reperfusion) were detected by Western blotting; the effects ofpeptide Tat-GluR6-9c on the phosphorylation and protein expression of MLK7 (1 d after the reperfusion) were detected by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry.Cresyl Violet (CV) staining was employed to examine the survival of CA1 pyramidal cells in the hippocampus.Results The phosphorylation of MLK3,MKK7 and JNK in Tat-GluR6-9c treatment group was significantly less than that in I/R group and Tat-GluR6-AA treatment group (P<0.05).As compared with I/R group and Tat-GluR6-AA group,peptide Tat-GluR6-9c group could obviously increase the number of neuron cells (P<0.05).Conclusion Peptide Tat-GluR6-9c has a protective effect on neuron in CA1 region of hippocampus following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion by significantly decreasing the phosphorylations ofMLK3,MKK7 and JNK.
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Objective To study the safety,efficacy and complications of carotid angioplasty and stenting (CAS) in patients with symptomatic carotid artery stenosis,and compare it with medical therapy.Methods Fifty-two patients with symptomatic carotid artery stenosis,admitted to our hospital from May 2005 to May 2010,were performed CAS,and the other 63 patients with symptomatic carotid artery stenosis admitted to our hospital at the same period were adopted medical therapy.Patients of both groups were followed-up for 3,6 and 12 months,and 1 y; the incidence of ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) were compared and the NIHSS scores were noted between the 2 groups.Results The operation was terminated in 1 patient because of poor operation path; carotid sinus reflex occurred in 9 during intraoperative or postoperative periods; vascular spasm occurred in 2; hyperperfusion syndrome occurred in 4 during intraoperative period,but no serious consequences were noted in patients performed CAS after being given timely and effective treatment.Stroke recurred after 3 months in the patient whose operation was failed; no stroke or TIA recurred in the other patients during the 1-y-follow-up period; and 1 recurred after 1 y in patients received CAS.There are 11,9,7 and 12 patients had stroke or TIA attack during the 3,6 and 12 months,and 1 y follow-up period,respectively,in patients given medical therapy.As compared with those in the patients given medical therapy,the NIHSS scores during the 3,6 and 12 months,and 1 y follow-up period in patients received CAS were significantly lower (P<0.05).Conclusion The CAS is a safe and feasible method in patients with symptomatic carotid artery stenosis;as compared with medical therapy,it can prevent recurrence of stroke more effectively.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the relationship between the polymorphisms of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and the silicosis susceptibility.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The case group consisted of 101 male patients with stage I silicosis diagnosed by the Pneumoconiosis Diagnosis Expert Panel according to the Chinese National Diagnosis Criteria of Pneumoconiosis (GBZ 70-2009). The control group consisted of 121 workers without silicosis exposed to same dusts. The cases and the controls had the same dust exposure history. The peripheral venous blood was drawn from each subject. DNA was extracted from leucocytes by the salting method. The polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) techniques and PCR were used to examine polymorphism of IL-8 (Met31Arg, 781C/T, -251A/T and RA+860).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were no the differences of age, cumulative exposure time and smoking between the cases and the controls (P > 0.05). The frequencies of IL-8 (Met31Arg) GT genotypes in cases and controls were 12.87% and 2.48%, respectively, there was significant difference (P < 0.05). The frequencies of allele G in cases and controls were 6.44% and 2.07%, respectively, there was significant difference (P < 0.05). The frequencies of IL-8 (-251A/T) AA genotypes in cases and controls were 9.90% and 25.64%, respectively, there was significant difference (P < 0.05). The frequencies of IL-8 (781C/T) CC, CT, TT genotypes in cases and controls were 38.61%, 40.59%, 20.79% and 46.28%, 40.50%, 13.22%, respectively, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05). The frequencies of IL-8 (RA+860) GG, GC and CC genotypes in cases and controls were 75.25%, 21.78%, 2.97%, 80.17%, 14.88%, 4.96%, respectively, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>IL-8 (Met31Arg and -251A/T) genetic polymorphisms might play a role in the development of silicosis. The risk of pneumoconiosis in workers carrying (Met31Arg) genotype GT is likely to increase. The risk of pneumoconiosis in workers carrying IL-8 (-251A/T) AA genotype is likely to decrease. The relationship between IL-8 781C/T and RA+860 genes polymorphisms and silicosis is not found.</p>
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Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Polvo , Frecuencia de los Genes , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Genotipo , Interleucina-8 , Genética , Exposición Profesional , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Silicosis , GenéticaRESUMEN
Objective To investigate the chemotherapeutic sensitivity of glioma cells influenced by RNA interference of pituitary tumor transforming gene (PTTG). Methods The glioma U251 cell line was divided into normal control group, TMZ treatment group, PTTG shRNA infection group and PTTG shRNA combined with TMZ treatment group. Cells in the later 2 groups were treated with PTTG shRNA and PTTG shRNA combined with TMZ. MTT assay and flow cytometry were employed to detect the cell proliferation and apoptosis of U251 cell line, respectively. Results The outcome of MTT assay showed that the growth and survive abilities were influenced after treating with PTTG shRNA and PTTG shRNA combined with TMZ; the optical density (OD) value of the control group, TMZ group,PTTG shRNA treatment group and PTTG shRNA combined with TMZ treatment group were (0.85±0.07),(0.58±0.06), (0.55±0.07) and (0.41 ±0.05), respectively. The inhibitory rate of cell proliferation in the TMZ treatment group, PTTG shRNA treatment group and PTTG shRNA combined with TMZ treatment group were (31.56±5.51 )%, (35.53±4.60)%, (51.49±6.74)%, respectively; statistical significance between control group and both PTTG shRNA group and TMZ group was noted (P<0.05); and statistical significance between group PTTG shRNA combined with TMZ and both PTTG shRNA group and TMZ group was noted too. The apoptosis rate in the control group, TMZ group, PTTG shRNA group and PTTG shRNA combined with TMZ group were (6.29±0.78)%, (33.63±4.88)%, (39.61 ±4.95)% and (66.23±7.60)%, respectively, 48 h after the treatment; significant differences were found between the control group and both PTTG shRNA group and TMZ group (P<0.05); and statistical increased apoptosis rate in the PTTG shRNA combined with TMZ group was noted as compared that in the PTTG shRNA group and TMZ group (P<0.05). Conclusion PTTG RNA interference, by inhibiting the cell proliferation and inducing the apoptosis of glioma cells, up-regulates the chemotherapeutic sensitivity and improve the effectiveness of chemotherapy.
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Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations and MRI features in patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO) leading to intractable hiccup and nausea (IHN). Methods We collected the data of 17 patients with NMO and analyzed the clinical profiles and MRI features in patients that also complicated with IHN. Results IHN was a common clinical manifestation in patients with NMO: of 17 with NMO, 8 were complicated with IHN (47.5%), having IHN and diplopia and nystagmus symptoms; 6 appeared MRI-detected linear medullary lesion (LML) and linear medullespinal lesion (LMSL) in the spinal cord. The cord lesions extended over three vertebral segments and centered on central canal of spinal cord; most cord lesions preferentially involved the posterior or lateral horn of spinal cord on axial T2. Conclusion NMO leading to IHN is clinically manifested by IHN, and diplopia, and a linear medullary or medullospinal lesion often appears in the spinal cord and medulla. The cord lesions are centered on the central canal of the spinal cord and mainly involve in the posterior or lateral horn of the spinal cord. All these manifestations and MRI features are the distinctive characteristics of NMO, which can be differentiated from multiple sclerosis.
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Objective To investigate the effect of cnrcumin on the expression of pituitary tumor transforming gene (PTTG) in glioma C6 cell line. Methods Glioma C6 cells were allocated into the control group and 3 cttrcnmin treatment groups with curcumin treatment at 10, 20 and 30 μmol/L for 24 h. After the treatments, PTTG mRNA and protein expressions in the cells were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting, respectively. Results The expression levels of PTTG mRNA in the 4 groups, showed significant differences between any two groups (P<0.01). Significant differences were also found in PTTG protein expressions between the 4 groups of C6 cells after the treatment (P<0.01). Conclusions Cureumin can down-regulate PTTG expression at both the mRNA and protein levels in glioma C6 cells in a dose-dependent manner.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the association between genetic polymorphisms of TGF-beta (TGF-beta) and susceptibility to pneumoconiosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and seventeen patients with pneumoconiosis were selected as case. The control group was workers exposed to dust but without pneumoconiosis who had the same sex, nationality, and workshop or work site as case. The differences in the age and cumulative exposure time between the case and control group were not move than five years and two years, respectively. The case matched with the control according to 1:1. Polymerase chains reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to determine the frequencies of TGF-beta genes in the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The frequencies of this TGF-beta (-509) genotypes were CC (22.2%), CT (43.6%) and TT (34.2%) in cases, which was significantly different from the control group, respectively (OR = 1.390, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference for frequency of TGF-beta+869 genotypes and allelic between case and control (P > 0.05). The frequencies of the TGF-beta (+915) genotypes in case [GG (70.9%), GC (29.1%)] were significantly different from the control group (OR = 1.455, P < 0.05). The frequency of TGF-beta (+915) * C allele in the case and control was 14.5% and 8.5%, respectively (P < 0.05). The frequencies of carrying TGF-beta (-509) CC and (+915) GG genotypes were 12.8% and 29.9% in case and control. The frequencies of carrying TGF-beta (-509) * T and (+915) * C alleles were 9.8% and 5.1% in pneumoconiosis and control (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>TGF-beta (-509)CC genotype may be the protective factor for the pneumoconiosis. TGF-beta (+915)GC genotype may be a susceptible factor for the pneumoconiosis. The workers of carrying TGF-beta (-509) * T and (+915) * C alleles are more susceptible to pneumoconiosis.</p>
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Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Frecuencia de los Genes , Genotipo , Neumoconiosis , Genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta1 , GenéticaRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the relationship between interleukin-6 (IL-6) (-634C/G) genetic polymorphisms and the pneumoconiosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 104 male stage I pneumoconiosis patients diagnosed by the Pneumoconiosis Diagnosis Expert Panel according to the Chinese National Diagnosis Criteria of Pneumoconiosis (GBZ 70 - 2002) were selected. The pneumoconiosis comprised 66 silicosis and 38 coal worker' pneumoconiosis (CWP). A total of 122 workers exposed to same dusts as the patients but without pneumoconiosis including 77 exposed to silica dusts and 45 to coal dusts were selected. The patients and the controls had the same dust exposure history. The peripheral venous blood was drawn from each subject. The IL-6 (-634C/G) genetic polymorphisms were detected by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP) techniques.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The frequencies of IL-6 (-634C/G) (CC, CG and GG) genotypes were 66.7%, 19.7% and 13.6% in silicosis group, 42.9%, 42.9% and 14.2% in silica dust exposure group, 73.7%, 18.4% and 7.9% in CWP group, 51.1%, 35.6% and 13.3% in coal dust exposure group respectively. The statistical analysis indicated that there was significant difference in the frequencies of IL-6 (-634C/G) (CC, CG and GG) genotypes between silicosis patients and workers exposed to silica dusts (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>IL-6 (-634 C/G) genetic polymorphisms might play a role in the occurrence of silicosis.</p>
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Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Frecuencia de los Genes , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Genotipo , Interleucina-6 , Genética , Análisis por Apareamiento , Neumoconiosis , Genética , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Polimorfismo de Longitud del Fragmento de RestricciónRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the relationship between polymorphisms of DNA repair gene XRCC1 and susceptibility to radiation injury.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In 1:1 case-control study, 113 abnormal chromosome workers exposed to ionizing radiation were selected as cases and 113 normal chromosome as controls who matched with case for sex, age (+/- 5 years), nation, type of work, the same or more but in 2 years work length and the same similar levels of the cumulative exposure radiation dose. Genotypes were analysed using PCR based restriction fragment length polymorphism techniques.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The frequency of XRCC1 26304TT allele in case group (18.58%) was significantly higher than that in control group (7.08%), with OR for radiation damage being 3.47 (95% CI 1.43 - 8.44, P < 0.05). No association was observed between XRCC1 G27466A and G28152A and susceptibility to radiation injury.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The mutation of XRCC1 C26304T is related with the susceptibility to radiation injury. The polymorphisms of XRCC1 G27466A and G28152A are not found to have association with abnormal chromosomes.</p>
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Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Aberraciones Cromosómicas , Reparación del ADN , Proteínas de Unión al ADN , Genética , Frecuencia de los Genes , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Genotipo , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Polimorfismo de Longitud del Fragmento de Restricción , Traumatismos por Radiación , Genética , Proteína 1 de Reparación por Escisión del Grupo de Complementación Cruzada de las Lesiones por Rayos XRESUMEN
@#ObjectiveTo explore the effects of the serum of traditional Chinese medicine Nao Yi An on glutamate induced cell death in cultured hippocampal neurons of rat and the underlying mechanisms. MethodsHippocampal neurons were cultured. The excitatory amino acid induced toxicity on cultured neurons was investigated. The viability of injured neurons was determined with the measurement of Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity. Mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) were determined by immunoprecipitation /kinase assays /western blot detection.ResultsThe serum of Nao Yi-An raised cell viability. The serum of Nao Yi-An upregulated the expression of extracellular regulated protein kinases(ERK) and downregulated the expression of c-Jun N terminal kinase/stress activited protein kinase(JNK) in cultured neurons. The serum of Nao Yi-An induced upregulation of ERK and its anti death action were prevented with the specific ERKs inhibitor PD98059. Conclusions Activation of ERK signaling together with inhibition of JNK signaling by Chinese medicine Nao Yi-An appears to be an important mechanism for its survival effects on cultured hippocampal neurons.