Early postnatal application of glucocorticoids for preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants: a Meta analysis / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinical effect and safety of early postnatal application of glucocorticoids in the prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and VIP were comprehensively searched for articles on early postnatal application of glucocorticoids in the prevention of BPD in preterm infants published up to June 2016. Review Manager 5.3 was used for the Meta analysis of 16 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that met the inclusion criteria.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 2 962 participants were enrolled in the 16 RCTs, with 1 486 patients in the trial group and 1 476 in the control group. The Meta analysis showed that early postnatal application of glucocorticoids reduced the incidence rate of BPD at a corrected gestational age of 36 weeks (OR=0.73, 95%CI: 0.61-0.87, P=0.0004), but there was an increase in the risk of hyperglycemia (OR=1.61, 95%CI: 1.24-2.09, P=0.0003), hypertension (OR=1.63, 95%CI: 1.11-2.38, P=0.01), and intestinal perforation (OR=1.51, 95%CI: 1.12-2.04, P=0.007).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>At present, it is not recommended to use glucocorticoids to prevent BPD in preterm infants. Its advantages and disadvantages need further studies, with special focuses on the adverse effects of hyperglycemia, hypertension, and intestinal perforation.</p>

Pre-treatment with puerarin affects pharmacokinetics of warfarin, but not clopidogrel, in experimental rats / 中国天然药物

The present study was designed to determine the effects of puerarin pre-treatment on the pharmacokinetics of the oral anticoagulant agent warfarin and the antiplatelet agent clopidogrel in rats. In the treatment group, rats was gavaged with warfarin or clopidogrel after repeated treatment with puerarin at intraperitoneal doses of 20, 60, or 200 mg·kg(-1) for 7 days, while rats in the control group were administrated only with the same dose warfarin or clopidogrel. Plasma samples were obtained at the prescribed times and analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The results showed that rats treated with puerarin at all the test doses of 20, 60 and 200 mg·kg(-1) were found to affect the pharmacokinetics of warfarin, but not clopidogrel, suggesting a potential herb-drug interaction between puerarin and warfarin.

LC-MS/MS method for the determination of a new puerarin derivative and its application in pharmacokinetic studies in rats / 中国天然药物

AIM@#To establish a sensitive and rapid liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the quantitative analysis of dehydrated puerarin in rat plasma, and its application for pharmacokinetic studies.@*METHODS@#A plasma sample was pretreated by one-step protein precipitation by the addition of five volumes of methanol. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Zorbax SB-C18 column (4.6 mm × 150 mm I.D. 5.0 μm, Agilent, USA) at 40 °C at a flow rate of 0.6 mL·min(-1) by an isocratic elution consisting of 10 mmol·L(-1) ammonium acetate in methanol and water containing 0.1% formic acid in a ratio of 20 : 80 (V/V). Detection was performed on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer in multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. An atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) interface in positive ionization mode was used by monitoring the transitions from m/z 399.1→281.0 (dehydrated puerarin) and m/z 271.0→215.0 (internal standard, IS).@*RESULTS@#Calibration curves were linear in the concentration range from 1.50 to 5400 ng·mL(-1), and the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 1.50 ng·mL(-1) in rat plasma. The accuracy and precision values, which were calculated from three different sets of quality control samples analyzed in sextuplicate on three different days, ranged from 95.73% to 103.18%, and from 4.33% to 7.86%, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#The method was successfully applied to assess the pharmacokinetics of dehydrated puerarin after oral administration in rats.

Clinical application of self-made drainage tube with balloon for iatrogenic colonic perforation / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical efficacy of colonic bypass drainage by self-made drainage tube with balloon for iatrogenic colonic perforation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective analysis of 8 patients with iatrogenic colonic perforations from January 2009 to March 2011 was performed. Self-made drainage tubes with balloon were placed in the bowel lumen endoscopically after perforations were closed with endoclips or endoloops under endoscope. The inflatable balloon at the front-end of the tube was fixed at the mouth side of colonic perforation to achieve continuous drainage of stool and intestinal juice.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Endoscopic bypass continuous drainage by using self-made drainage tube with balloon was successfully carried out in all the 8 patients. All the perforations healed and no surgical intervention required. Bypass drainage continued for 3-10 days(mean 7.6 days). One patient received colonoscopy 3 days after the procedure, and displacement of the drainage tube was noticed requiring endoscopic adjustment. All the drainage tubes were removed uneventfully, and no ulceration or perforation occurred at balloon fixed site after removal. After follow up ranging from 12 to 36 months, no chronic fistula, adhesive obstruction, or abdominal infection occurred.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Colonic bypass drainage by self-made drainage tube with balloon for iatrogenic colonic perforation is simple, feasible, safe and reliable.</p>

An investigation on formation mechanisms and preparation of curcumin phospholipid complex / 中国中药杂志

The purpose of this study was to investigate the preparation and characteristics of curcumin phospholipid complex, including the effects of reaction time, reaction solvent, reaction concentration and reaction temperature. Preparation technology resulted in that 0.5 g curcumin and 10 g soy phospholipid dissolved in 100 mL anhydrous alcohol, were stirred 1 h in 50 degrees C waterbath, then steamed alcohol in decompression, collected solid residue and vacuum dried for 12 h. The physicochemical properties for the new complex including IR spectrometer, mass spectrograph and HNMR equipment were detected. As a result, the formation of the complex is based on the reaction between phospholipid polar group rounding phosphorus atom and curcumin. This result gave the evidence for the formation mechanism of phospholipid complex.

Cloning NS1 gene of H5N1 avian influenza virus and apoptosis induced by it in human pulmonary carcinoma cell line A549 / 病毒学报

The NS1 gene of the H5N1 subtype avian influenza virus was amplified by RT-PCR, and the am-plified product was cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pCMV-Myc, then it was transfected into A549 cells. After 48 h, the expression of NS1 was detected by Western blot. Fluorescence and electron microscopy and flow cytometry showed that the NS1 gene of H5N1 avian influenza virus could induce apop-tosis in human pulmonary carcinoma cell line A549.

Expression, purification and activity analysis of anti-human transferrin receptor scFv / 生物工程学报

Human transferrin receptor (TfR) was isolated from homogenates of placental tissues by affinity chromatography on transferrin-Sepharose, and then used to screen human scFv against it from a fully-synthesized phage scFv library. After verifying the specificity, gene fragment of one of the selected scFv was inserted into the plasmid pET22b(+) and transformed into E. coli BL21(DE3) . Expression of scFv in transformant was induced with 0.5mmol/L IPTG. ELISA assay on HeLa cells showed that scFv protein could recognize and bind to TfR on the surface of HeLa cells. The scFv was purified by one-step affinity chromatography with Ni+ -NTA agarose, and injected into Kunming mouse via tail veins. This scFv was detected in brain tissues 1h later by capillary depletion method, which indicates that scFv protein can permeate through the blood brain barrier by mediation of the TfR receptor. Our works lay the foundation for the treatment of tumors and central nervous system diseases.