Electroacupuncture ameliorates experimental colitis induced by TNBS through activation of interleukin-10 and inhibition of iNOS in mice

PURPOSE: To study the anti-inflammatory actions of electroacupuncture (EAc) on an experimental colitis model in mice. METHODS: Thirty-eight male Swiss mice, divided in five groups, were subjected to induction of colitis by TNBS in 50% ethanol. Saline (SAL) and ethanol (ETNL) groups served as controls. TNBS+EAc and TNBS+ dexamethasone subgroups were treated with EAc 100Hz and dexamethasone (DEXA) 1 mg/Kg/day, respectively. After three days, a colon segment was obtained for quantification of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, immunohistochemistry for iNOS, malondialdehyde (MDA) and cytokines (IL-1β and IL-10). RESULTS: Neutrophilic activity, assayed as MPO activity, was significantly higher in the TNBS colitis group than that in the saline control group. TNBS+EAc group showed suppression of IL-10 in the colon. EAc treatment significantly reduced the concentration of MDA and the expression of iNOS, as compared to the other groups. CONCLUSION: Electroacupuncture 100Hz applied to acupoint ST-36 promotes an anti-inflammatory action on the TNBS-induced colitis, mediated by increase of IL-10 and decrease of iNOS expression. .

Electroacupuncture ameliorates experimental colitis induced by TNBS through activation of interleukin-10 and inhibition of iNOS in mice

PURPOSE:To study the anti-inflammatory actions of electroacupuncture (EAc) on an experimental colitis model in mice.METHODS:Thirty-eight male Swiss mice, divided in five groups, were subjected to induction of colitis by TNBS in 50% ethanol. Saline (SAL) and ethanol (ETNL) groups served as controls. TNBS+EAc and TNBS+ dexamethasone subgroups were treated with EAc 100Hz and dexamethasone (DEXA) 1 mg/Kg/day, respectively. After three days, a colon segment was obtained for quantification of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, immunohistochemistry for iNOS, malondialdehyde (MDA) and cytokines (IL-1β and IL-10).RESULTS:Neutrophilic activity, assayed as MPO activity, was significantly higher in the TNBS colitis group than that in the saline control group. TNBS+EAc group showed suppression of IL-10 in the colon. EAc treatment significantly reduced the concentration of MDA and the expression of iNOS, as compared to the other groups. CONCLUSION: Electroacupuncture 100Hz applied to acupoint ST-36 promotes an anti-inflammatory action on the TNBS-induced colitis, mediated by increase of IL-10 and decrease of iNOS expression.

Progressive loss of E-cadherin immunoexpression during cervical carcinogenesis

PURPOSE: To investigate E-cadherin immunoexpression during cervical carcinogenesis. METHODS: We assessed the immunohistochemical expression of E-cadherin in squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL - 52 cases), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the uterine cervix (23 cases) and also in eight cases of cervicitis. RESULTS: The results show very different E-cadherin membrane expression levels when cervicitis (88%), SILs (73%) and SCC (17%) were compared. In SILs, higher E-cadherin loss was seen in less differentiated cells in the basal third of the epithelium. This study suggests that the absence of E-cadherin expression in the membrane is a molecular event that is observed more often in SCC of the uterine cervix than in SILs or cervicitis. CONCLUSIONS: E-cadherin is an essential molecule during the process of cervical carcinogenesis and in this context exhibits a different expression pattern according to the epithelial thickness layer. .

Amitriptyline, clomipramine, and maprotiline attenuate the inflammatory response by inhibiting neutrophil migration and mast cell degranulation

Objective: Despite the recognized anti-inflammatory potential of heterocyclic antidepressants, the mechanisms concerning their modulating effects are not completely known. Thus, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of amitriptyline, clomipramine, and maprotiline and the possible modulating properties of these drugs on neutrophil migration and mast cell degranulation. Methods: The hind paw edema and air-pouch models of inflammation were used. Male Wistar rats were treated with saline, amitriptyline, clomipramine or maprotiline (10, 30, or 90 mg/kg, per os [p.o.]) 1 h before the injection of carrageenan (300 μg/0.1 mL/paw) or dextran (500 μg/0.1 mL/paw). Then, edema formation was measured hourly. Neutrophil migration to carrageenan (500 μg/pouch) and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) (10-6 M/mL/pouch) was also investigated in 6-day-old air-pouch cavities. Compound 48/80-induced mast cell degranulation was assessed in the mesenteric tissues of antidepressant-treated rats. Results: All tested antidepressants prevented both carrageenan- and dextran-induced edema. The anti-inflammatory effect of these drugs partially depends on the modulation of neutrophil migration, since they significantly counteracted the chemotactic response of both carrageenan and fMLP (p < 0.01). Furthermore, amitriptyline, clomipramine and maprotiline inhibited compound 48/80-induced mast cell degranulation (p < 0.001). Conclusions: These results suggest an important anti-inflammatory role of heterocyclic antidepressants, which is dependent on the modulation of neutrophil migration and mast cell stabilization. .

Estudo morfofuncional e dos mediadores inflamatórios envolvidos na patogênese da mucosite intestinal induzida por irinotecano (CPT-11) em camundongos: papel da caspase-1, interleucina-18 e óxido nitríco [manuscrito] / Morphological study and inflammatory mediators involved in the pathogenesis of intestinal mucositis induced by irinotecan (CPT-11) in mice: role of caspase-1, interleukin-18 and nitric oxide [manuscript]

A Mucosite Intestinal (MI) e a diarreia severas são efeitos colaterais frequentes (15-25%) e limitantes da quimioterapia do câncer de cólon com Irinotecano (CPT-11). Até o presente momento, pouco se conhece sobre a fisiopatologia da MI. Objetivo: Estudar os mecanismos e mediadores envolvidos na mucosite intestinal induzida por CPT-11, verificando a participação da protease caspase-1, das citocinas interleucina-1 (IL-1), interleucina-18 (IL-18) e sequência de interação entre esses mediadores sob aspectos da reposta inflamatória e morfofuncionais. Métodos: Camundongos Swiss, C57BL/6 (BL), BALB/c (BC) ou knockout para Caspasee-1 (Casp-/-), IL-18 (IL-18-/-), óxido nítrico sintase induzida (iNOS-/-), 5-Lipoxigenase (5-LOX-/-), receptor para PAF (PAFr-/-) machos, 22g, foram divididos em grupos (n = 4-5) e tratados por 4 dias com salina (5 mL/kg, i.p.) ou CPT-11 (60 mg/kg, i.p.) ou foram pré-tratados com IL-18bp (proteína ligante de IL-18, 200μg/animal/4 dias, i.p.), aminoguanidina (AG, 50 mg/kg, s.c., 2x/dia/4 dias), IL-33 (1 μg/animal/4 dias, i.v. 1h antes do CTP-11) ou loperamida ([4x3 mg/kg e 4x30 mg/kg]/animal, s.c.) em associação com CTP-11. No 5° dia, avaliou-se a diarreia por escores, o leucograma e, após sacrifício, coletou-se o duodeno para dosagem da atividade de mieloperoxidase (MPO, neutrófilos/mg tecido) e de óxido nítrico sintase induzida (iNOS pM citrulina/h/mg proteína), morfometria (razão vilo/cripta) e contratilidade in vitro à Acetilcolina (%contração em relação ao KC160 mM)...