Angiogenesis and cellular proliferation in prostatic carcinoma

To evaluate the role of angiogenesis in the form of microvessel density [MVD] and proliferative activity in the form of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region [AgNOR] as independent prognostic parameters in prostatic cancer, tumour tissue from 20 radical prostatectomy specimens was examined. Examination of CD34-immunostained sections was used to calculate MVD. Modified silver stain method was used to calculate AgNORs. The distribution of the microvessel and mean number were variable in benign and different grades of adenocarcinoma. In well differentiated carcinoma, the mean MVD was 34.33 +/- 3.83 while moderately differentiated and high grade lesions were associated with significantly increased MVD [mean 45 +/- 5and 61.67 +/- 7.64 respectively]. Silver stain for AgNOR revealed non-significant increase in the mean count between benign prostatic hyperplasia [BPH], prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia [PIN], and low grade carcinoma [mean = 1.3 +/- 0.48, 1.67 +/- 0.58 and 1.5 +/- 0.55 respectively]. There was significant increase of AgNOR count in malignant cells versus BPH and PIN [mean = 2.09 +/- 0.94, 1,3 +/- 0.48 and 1.67 +/- 0.58 respectively]. There was non-significant difference in the mean number of AgNOR between low and intermediate group [mean = 1.5 +/- 0.55 and 2.33 +/- 0.58 respectiv-ely]. However, there was significant increased number in high grade carcinoma [mean = 4.33 +/- 1.53]

Study of the effect of high doses of ethenyl estradiol on the heart ultrastructural, and histopathological study in the guinea pigs

Twenty five male mature guinea pigs were included in this study. Five were used as a control group and twenty guinea pigs were given ethenyl estradiol in a dose of 100 mcg/kg body weight. Ten animals were sacrificed after two months and the other 10 animals after 4 months. The cardiac muscle showed spacing between the fibers with perivascular cellular infiltration including neutrophils and mononuclears. Later on, thickening of the wall of the small blood vessels with swollen endothelial cells and narrowing of the lumen were noticed. Associated intravascular coagulation in the small blood vessels occurred more after 4 months. EM showed spacing between fibers, dilated smooth endoplasmic reticulum, occasional fibroblasts. Therefore, estrogen should be used with great caution and it should not be used in medicated feeds