Effect of synbiotic as immunomodulator on humoral and cell mediated immunity in ummuno-compromized broiler chickens

For assaying the immunomodulatory effect of the studied synbiotic "Enterococcus faecium and oligosaccharides" the humoral immune response, the cell mediated immune response, the major lymphoid organs / body weight indices and the histomorphological changes of the major lymoid organs were determined in non-immunosuppressed and immunosuppressed broiler chickens with cyclophosphamide [CP]. Statistical significant immunopotentiation in both humoral immunity and cell mediated immunity was obtained. Significant increases in bursa / body weight, spleen / body weight and thymus / body weight indices were also obtained. Histomorphological changes in bursa of Fabricius showed many activated lymphoblasts and reticular cell hyperplasia in the medula of the bursal follicles as compared with their controls. In conclusion; the use of the studied synbiotic can positively regulate or alter the immune response not only in normal broiler chickens but also in the immuno-compromised as well

Evaluation of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay [elisa] and pathological findings in the diagnosis of tuberculosis in camels [Camelus Dromedarius] in Egypt

A modified ELISA for serological evaluation of new standard key instead of the present key for interpretation of single intradermal tuberculin test in camels were conducted on sera taken from field animal and experimentally infected camels with a virulent Mycobacterium bovis. The results showed a high specificity of newly standard key than the present key for the detection of anti-tuberculous antibodies in sero-diagnosis of tuberculosis in camels. Moreover, a good correlation between post mortem findings, bacteriological isolation and the ELISA test results was found. Histopathologically, tuberculous lesions in experimentally infected camels were characterized by a productive and proliferative response of fibrous tissue with no exudative reaction and a few Langhan's giant cells. This is in contrast to lesions observed in domestic ruminants. The main feature of the lesion is caseous necrosis with some calcification and few giant cells. Acid-fast bacteria [AFB] arc rarely evident