Advances in influential factor and drug treatment studies for taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy / 中国药房

There are millions of patients with taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy （TIPN）， and there is no effective treatment or prevention measure in clinical practice. The occurrence of TIPN may be related to the dosage form of paclitaxel drugs， genetic and molecular markers， drug dosage and chemotherapy cycle， patient factors， etc. At present， drugs for treating TIPN mainly include those that inhibit axonal degeneration （such as dosazosin， tamsulosin）， prevent mitochondrial dysfunction （such as glutathione trisulfides， antioxidants α -lipoic acid）， improve calcium imbalance in the internal environment （Shaoyao gancao decoction， N-type voltage-gated calcium channel inhibitor IPPQ）， and inhibit neuroinflammation （such as chemokine inhibitors and selective interleukin-8 receptor inhibitors DF2726A）. Further exploration of drug treatment strategies targeting different induction mechanisms is expected to become a new direction for precise clinical prevention and personalized treatment of TIPN.

Role of probiotics in the treatment of acne / 中华皮肤科杂志

Recent studies have shown that changes in the gut and skin microbiome can directly affect the occurrence of acne. Regulating the skin and gut microbiome has brought new directions for the treatment of acne, and the most direct way to achieve this goal is to restore the balance of the microbiome through the use of probiotics. This review summarizes the relationship between acne and microbiome, and research progress in probiotics for the treatment of acne.

Cost-utility analysis of pertuzumab combined with trastuzumab and docetaxel in first-line treatment of HER 2- positive metastatic breast cancer / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To study the metabolites of four diterpenoids of Euphorbia fischeriana in liver microsomes of rats and to investigate its metabolic regularity. METHODS In vitro incubation system of liver microsomes of rats was built. The jolkinolide A，jolkinolide B ，17-hydroxyl jolkinolide A and 17-hydroxyl jolkinolide B were added into incubation system of liver microsomes in rats activated by reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate ，incubated at 37 ℃ for 30 min，and then terminated the reaction with acetonitrile. Taking the negative group （adding acetonitrile firstly and then starting incubation for 30 min）as the reference，the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used ；Anaylyst®TF 1.7.1、PeakView® 2.2，MetabolitePilot 1.5 and MasterView 1.2 software were used to speculate and identify the fragmentation law of mass spectrometry and metabolites. RESULTS Four diterpenoids were easy to lose neutral fragments such as H 2O and CO in secondary mass spectrometry. Jolkinolide A and 17-hydroxyl jolkinolide A showed similar metabolism pathway ，including dihydroxylation，dehydrogenation，and monohydroxylation ；six and five metabolites were identified respectively. Jolkinolide B and 17-hydroxyl jolkinolide B showed similar metabolism pathway ，including monohydroxylation ，hydration and isomerization. Five metabolites were identified. CONCLUSIONS Both jolkinolide A and 17-hydroxyl jolkinolide A produce the metabolites of hydroxylation and dehydrogenation in liver microsomes of rats ；both jolkinolide B and 17-hydroxyl jolkinolide B produce the metabolites of hydroxylation ，hydration and isomerization in liver microsomes of rats. The metabolites of four diterpenoids are phase Ⅰ metabolites.

Pharmacoeconomic Systematic Review of Anticoagulants for the Prevention and Therapy of Venous Thrombo- embolism in Cancer Patients / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To systematicall y review the pharmacoeconomics of anticoagulants for the prevention and therapy of venous thromboembolism （VTE）in cancer patients. METHODS ：Retrieved from PubMed ，Embase，Cochrane library ，CNKI， Wanfang database ，VIP，SinoMed，The NHS Economic Evaluation Database ，The Healthy Technology Assessment Database and EconLit，supplemented by manual retrieval ，the economic evaluation studies on the prevention and therapy of VTE in cancer patients with different anticoagulants were collected. The retrieval time was from the inception to Nov. 12th，2020. After screening and extracting ，the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards （CHEERS）was used to evaluate the quality of the included literatures. The basic characteristics of the included literatures were summarized by descriptive methods ，and the economic results were summarized according to medication purpose and different intervention grouping. RESULTS ：A total of 15 literatures were included. Three literatures were of excellent quality ；ten were of good quality ；and the other two were of moderate quality. Included studies were widely conducted in countries of different economic levels ，including China （1 piece），the United States（7 pieces），Canada（3 pieces），France（2 pieces），the Netherlands （1 piece），Brazil（1 piece）and Austria （1 piece）. For preventing VTE in cancer patients ，the economic evaluation results of warfarin and low-molecular-weight heparin （LMWH）needed to be updated. Novel oral anticoagulants （NOACs）for the prevention of VTE were less cost-effective among cancer patients with medium- and high-risk venous thrombosis in China than in the United States ，but the economic advantage increased among the high-risk patients. Compared to enoxaparin ，aspirin was absolutely dominant to preventing VTE in patients with myeloma. For the treatment of VTE in cancer patients ，LMWH was not cost-effective ，compared to warfarin in the United States ；but it was cost-effective in Canada and some countries of Northern Europe. Compared with LMWH ，NOACs could save total cost ，but the incremental utility in the United States and Brazil were opposite. Sensitivity analysis showed that economic results were sensitive to drug prices ，the baseline rate of thrombosis risk ，and the risk of adverse events （thrombosis recurrence ，major bleeding and death ） of different interventions ，the first two of which could reverse the conclusions. CONCLUSIONS ：For the prevention of VTE in cancer patients ，compared with no intervention or placebo ，the economic advantages of NOACs were different in different countries or for patients with different thrombosis risk ；the economics of warfarin and LMWH were not yet clear. Aspirin had obvious economic advantages compared with enoxaparin. For the treatment of VTE in cancer patients ，LMWH had different economic advantages compared with warfarin in different countries ；NOACs could save costs compared with LMWH. Economic strategies are greatly affected by the risk of diseases ，medical systems ，drug price ，patient preferences and values ，economic levels ，cost-utility threshold standards in different countries. Therefore ，the final economic strategies need to be based on the contexts of different countries.

Analysis of the correlation between autoantibodies against AT1 receptors and risk of lupus nephritis / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective:To study the correlation between autoantibodies against AT1 receptors (AT1-AAs) and risk of lupus nephritis (LN).Methods:Thirty-six normal subjects and 32 patients with LN were selected. The AT1-AAs in sera of donors were detected by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA). The level of AT1-AAs, C-reactive protein (CRP), serum creatinine, lipids and serum glucose in different groups were observed. We tested the serum cystatin c, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), complement C3, C4, antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and anti-dsDNA antibodies in LN patients. The structures of the glomeruli were stained by renal biopsy hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) and schiff periodic acid shiff (PAS) . Statistical analysis was performed using independent sample t-test, Chi-square test, Spearman correlation analysis and multiple linear regression. Results:Serum creatinine and CRP were significantly higher in the LN group [(103±37) μmol/L, (21±8) mg/L, respectively] than in the control group [(72±22) μmol/L, (7±3) mg/L], all P<0.01. The average A value of AT1-AA was higher in LN patients (0.33±0.04) than in controls (0.25±0.06), P<0.01. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the expression of AT1-AA was positively correlated with the amount of CRP ( Beta=0.364, P=0.037) and urine protein ( Beta=0.497, P=0.004), and was negatively correlated with the level of complement C3 ( Beta=-0.276, P=0.05). Pathological results showed that mesangial hyperplasia and capillary endothelial proliferation and glomerulosclerosis were more obvious in the AT1-AA positive group than the AT1-AA negative group. Conclusion:The expression of AT1-AA is significantly increased in patients with LN and correlated with CRP, urinary protein and complement C3, indicating that the AT1-AA may be involved in the pathogenesis and the progression of LN.

Effect of sivelestat sodium on early inflammatory reaction and pulmonary edema in rats with smoke inhalation induced lung injury / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of sivelestat sodium on early inflammatory response and pulmonary edema in rats with smoke inhalation-induced lung injury.Methods:Seventy-five Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, low-dose group, middle-dose group and high-dose group. The smoke inhalation model was continued except for the control group. The rats were given intraperitoneal injection of normal saline, cevicell sodium 10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg. The general condition and lung tissue were observed after 24 hours.Results:Compared with the control group, rats in each group had a certain degree of lung injury, alveolar wall thickening, alveolar interstitial hyperemia, etc. The alveolar septal thickness, lung tissue wet-dry (W/D) level, the incidence of edema and the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), neutrophil elastase (NE) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the model group were significantly higher than those of the other 4 groups. The lung function recovery was highest in the low dose group and the alveolar septal thickness was the highest among the dose group. The alveolar wall thickening incidence of W/D level and pulmonary edema in lung tissue in the low dose group were (6.76±0.40)μm, (5.18±0.13) and 40.00%, respectively, and the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, NE and MPO were (19.62±0.83)pg/L, (9.41±0.25)pg/L, (6.23±0.18)μg/L and (30.64±0.87)pg/L, significantly better than the middle dose group and high dose group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Sivelestat sodium can significantly affect the smoke inhalation lung injury, and improve the recovery of liver function, which can significantly reduce the incidence of inflammation and pulmonary ede-ma in the lung, but its therapeutic effect and drug delivery. There was a significant association between doses and therapeutic effect, in the case of rats, a dose of 10 mg/kg was the best for treatment.

Study progress of adipose tissue endopIasmic reticuIum stress and chiIdhood obesity-reIated type 2 diabetes / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

In rkcknt ekars,thk incidknck of childhood obksite has also incrkaskd ekar be ekar as pkoplk＇s living standards ckkp improving. Ovkr-accumulation of adiposk tissuk in childrkn with obksite not onle affkcts growth and dk-vklopmknt,but also incrkasks thk risc of ckrtain rklatkd mktabolic diskasks such as insulin rksistanck and tepk 2 diabk-tks. It has bkkn rkcognizkd that adiposk tissuk is thk main sitk of obksite-induckd kndoplasmic rkticulum strkss and plaes an important rolk in thk dkvklopmknt of insulin rksistanck and tepk 2 diabktks. Ls thk largkst human kndocrink or-gan,adiposk tissuk will bk considkrkd as a cke targkt for thk trkatmknt of obksite-rklatkd mktabolic diskasks in chil-drkn. Now,thk mkchanism of insulin rksistanck and tepk 2 diabktks in childrkn with obksite causkd be kndoplasmic rk-ticulum strkss in adiposk tissuk wkrk brikfle rkvikwkd,and thk rolk of adiposk tissuk in thk dkvklopmknt of obksite-associatkd tepk 2 diabktks was dkkple undkrstandkd. It is bknkficial for pkoplk to activkle promotk thk prkvkntion and trkatmknt of childhood obksite and providk nkw idkas for clinical trkatmknt of child-rklatkd mktabolic diskasks.

Differential expression and clinical significance of microRNA in early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To explore the differential expression and clinical significance of microRNA in early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma .Methods From April 2013 to April 2016 ,65 cases of early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients were recrui-ted into esophageal squamous cell carcinoma group ,meanwhile 65 healthy person were recruited into control group ,then analyze the significance of microRNA in the diagnosis of early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and the relationship between the expression of microRNA and radiotherapy .Results The levels of microRNA-21 and microRNA-205 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma group were significantly higher than those in healthy group(P<0 .05) .The sensitivities of microRNA-21 and microRNA-205 in the diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were 89 .23% ,84 .62% ,the specificity were 96 .92% ,95 .38% respectively .The sensitivity of radiotherapy in cancer tissues with high expression of microRNA-21 and microRNA-205 was significantly higher than that in cancer tissues with low expression (P< 0 .05) .Conclusion MicroRNA is important to assist the diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma ,and according to the expression of microRNA ,the sensitivity to radiotherapy could be evaluated ,which could guide clinicians to select proper treatment strategies to improve therapeutic effect .

Differential expression and clinical significance of microRNA in early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To explore the differential expression and clinical significance of microRNA in early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma .Methods From April 2013 to April 2016 ,65 cases of early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients were recrui-ted into esophageal squamous cell carcinoma group ,meanwhile 65 healthy person were recruited into control group ,then analyze the significance of microRNA in the diagnosis of early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and the relationship between the expression of microRNA and radiotherapy .Results The levels of microRNA-21 and microRNA-205 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma group were significantly higher than those in healthy group(P<0 .05) .The sensitivities of microRNA-21 and microRNA-205 in the diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were 89 .23% ,84 .62% ,the specificity were 96 .92% ,95 .38% respectively .The sensitivity of radiotherapy in cancer tissues with high expression of microRNA-21 and microRNA-205 was significantly higher than that in cancer tissues with low expression (P< 0 .05) .Conclusion MicroRNA is important to assist the diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma ,and according to the expression of microRNA ,the sensitivity to radiotherapy could be evaluated ,which could guide clinicians to select proper treatment strategies to improve therapeutic effect .

Analysis of the monitoring results of brucellosis in Qiqihar of Heilongjiang Province between 2008 and 2014 / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective To investigate the epidemic factors of human brucellosis in Qiqihar from 2008 to 2014 so as to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of the disease.Methods Descriptive epidemiologic method was used to analyze the monitoring results of human brucellosis in Qiqihar between 2008 and 2014.Indexes observed were:the incidence rate,the distribution of gender,age,occupation,area and time.Results From 2008 to 2014,there were a total of 15 003 cases of brucellosis covering all counties.The average incidence rate was 38.85/100 000.The average incidence rate of Meilisi Daur District was the highest,178.93/100 000.Cases occurred year around and peaked in March-July.The average incidence rate of male and female brucellosis was 57.53/100 000 and 19.35/100 000,respectively,and male patients were more than female (x2 =3 658.973,P ＜ 0.05).Most patients were in the 41-50 years old age group,and the number of patients was 4 386.The major occupation was farmer (herdsmen),which acount for 93.96％ (14 097/15 003).Conclusions Qiqihar is the epidemic area of brucellosis and has a higher incidence.Governments should pay nore attention to the epidemic of brucellosis.Health education and intervention measure for high-risk population should be strengthened and the professional team should be reinforced so as to reduce the incidence of brucellosis.

The factors analysis on pregnant outcomes between well-differentiated endometrial cancer and atypical endometrial hyperplasia after conservative treat ment / 实用肿瘤学杂志

Objective To identify factors that might affect establishing pregnancy following conservative treatment by medroxyprogesterone acetate ( MPA)for well -differentiated endometrioid adenocarcinoma ( EC) or a-typical endometrial hyperplasia(AEH).Methods A retrospective study of 65 patients with EC/AEH were divid-ed into a pregnancy group ( n=34 ) and a non -pregnancy group ( n=31 ) .The influent factors on establishing pregnancy were detected by statistical analysis .Results There was no significant difference in clinical character-istics between pregnancy group and non -pregnancy group .There were significantly different between pregnancy group and non-pregnancy in the duration of MPA administration ,the time to disappearance of lesions ,the age of pregnancy permission ,the number of D&C procedures performed ,and endometrial thickness during ovulation ( P<0.05).The multivariate logistic regression analysis identified that the recurrence (OR=2.323,P=0.015),endo-metrial thickness during ovulation (OR=0.283,P <0.001),and age of pregnancy permission (OR=2.524,P=0.039) were significant factors affecting pregnancy outcomes .Conclusion Recurrence, endometrial thickness during ovulation ,and the age of the pregnancy permission were considered to affect pregnant establishment follow -ing conservative treatment with MPA .Assisted reproductive technology immediately after achieving tumor disap-pearance by MPA would therefore be beneficial for patients with disease recurrence ,thin endometrium ,or a higher age of pregnancy permission .

Meta-analysis of Efficacy and Safety of Salmeterol and Fluticasone Propionate Aerosol in the Treatment of AECOPD / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of salmeterol and fluticasone propionate aerosol in the treatment of AECOPD and provide evidence-based reference for the clinical treatment. METHODS:CJFD,Wanfang database, VIP,CBM,Cochrane Library,PubMed and EMBase were retrieved to collect the randomized controlled trial(RCT)of efficacy and safety of salmeterol and fluticasone propionate aerosol in the treatment of AECOPD. After information collection and quality evalua-tion,Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.1 software. RESULTS:There were totally 17 RCTs,including 2 872 pa-tients. Results of Meta-analysis showed FEV1[SMD=0.47,95%CI(0.41,0.53),P<0.001],FEV1/FVC [SMD=1.08,95%CI(0.76, 1.39),P<0.001],FEV1 percentage of predicted value[SMD=0.83,95%CI(0.60,1.06),P<0.001] and incidence of adverse reac-tions [RR=1.38,95%CI(1.02,1.87),P=0.03] in test group were significantly higher than control group,with significant differenc-es. CONCLUSIONS:Salmeterol and fluticasone propionate aerosol has good efficacy in the treatment of AECOPD,can better im-prove patients’lung function and the safety needs to be improved. Due to the limit of research methodology,it remains to be fur-ther verified by large-sample and high-quality RCT.

Effects of Sonic Hedgehog pathway on apoptosis of endothelial cells / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective To investigate Smoothened (Smo) expression in endothelial cells of synovial tissues in active rheumatoid arthritis (RA),and the expression of Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathwayassociated factors after TNF-α treatment in EA.hy926 cells,and the effects of specific inhibitor of Smo (cyclopamine) on the apoptosis of EA.hy926 cells.Methods The Smo expression in endothelial cells in synovial tissue from 4 RA patients and 4 patients with traumatic or meniscal injury (with no arthritis,act as control group) were detected by immunohistochemistry assay.EA.hy926 cells were treated with different concentrations of TNF-α or TNF-α together with different concentrations of cyclopamine,and Shh,Ptch1,Smo,Gli1 mRNA expression levels were detected by real time-PCR.EA.hy926 cells were co-cultured with three different concentrations of cyclopamine for 24 hours before the addition of TNF-α and ActinomycinD (ActD).The cell survival rate was detected using CCK-8,and the population of apoptotic cells was detected using a flow cytometry.T-test and one-way ANOVA were used for statistical analysis.Results The positive expression rate of Smo in endothelial cells of synovial tissue in RA group was (81±23)％,which was higher than that in the control group (20±17)％ (P＜0.05).After being treated with TNF-α,the expressions of Shh and Smo mRNA in EA.hy926 cells increased,while the expression of Gli1 mRNA decreased (P＜0.05),and the expression of Ptch1 mRNA did not change significantly (P＞0.05).The expressions of Shh,Smo and Gli1 mRNA were down-regulated (P＜0.05).EA.hy926 cells treated with different concentrations of cyclopamine (2,4 and 8 μmol/L) showed a significant decrease in cell viability,in cell survival rates (57±6)％,(44±8)％ and (32±5)％ compared with that of TNF-α/ActD group (64±6)％ (P＜0.05),and cell apoptosis rates [(12.4±3.3)％,(14.5±2.7)％ (15.7±2.4)％] compared with that of TNF-α/ActD group (7.1±1.3)％ (P＜0.05).Conclusion Shh pathway is activated in endothelial cells of synovial tissue in active RA.The apoptosis in endothelial cells is promoted after cyclopamine treatment.Shh pathway may play an important role in the antiapoptotic regulatory mechanism of endothelial cells.

An Experimental Study on the Release of Endotoxin from A. Baumannii Induced by Antibiotics Biapenem,Meropenem and Levofloxacin / 天津医药

Objective To study mechanisms of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) release from Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) induced by biapenem (BIPM), meropenem (MEM) and levofloxacin (LVFX). Methods A. baumannii was ex-posed to different concentrations of BIPM, MEM, LVFX, and ceftazidime (CAZ) at different time points. The LPS release was measured by tachypleus amebocyte lysate (TAL) test. Quantities of bacteria exposing to 0.5 MIC antibiotics were measured. The morphology of bacteria treated with different antibiotics for 7-hour was evaluated by light microscope. Results The LPS releases of A. baumannii treated with four kinds of antibiotics were significantly less than those of control group. In the later period, LPS releases of A. baumannii exposed to the high concentration of antibiotics tended to smooth. The cell quanti-ties of bacteria were significantly lower in treatment group than that of control group. The cells of A. baumannii treated with CAZ and LVFX showed long filamentous shape. The bacteria exposed to MEM and BIPM showed obviously globular. At the same time, some bacterial cells were induced to lysis rapidly by BIPM. Conclusion The level of LPS release is influenced by kinds of antibiotics, concentration and incubation period. All kinds of antibiotics could induce morphological changes of A. baumannii, which may be related to the different mechanisms that bacteria induce the different levels of LPS release.

Satisfaction level and stability of medical staff's work in pre-hospital care in Qingdao / 中华全科医师杂志

A total of 256 medical professionals at the hospitals of different levels were interviewed and requested to complete the relevant questionnaires.The findings revealed that the top five unsatisfied items were growth & development,working conditions,doctor-patient relationship,income and social status.The levels of job satisfaction varied with their specific occupations and technical titles.Around two thirds of them once had the thought of leaving their pre-hospital care posts.

Leflunomide active metabolite inhibites the expression of phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced CD147,matrix metallo-proteinase-2 and matrix metallo-proteinase-9 on THP-1 cells / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of the leflunomide active metabolite (A771726) on the expression of phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) -induced CD147, matrix metallo-proteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 on THP-1 cells. Methods THP-1 cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10％ fetal bovine serum. For all experiments, THP-1 cells were cultured at an initial density of 5×105/ml. Before A771726 treatment, cells were cultured with serum-free RPMI-1640 medium for 12 h, THP-1cells were co-cultured with PMA at three different concentrations of A771726 (5, 15 , 45 μg/ml) for 24 h.The mRNA expression of CD147, MMP-2 and MMP-9 was measured by real-time PCR. CD147 expression on the cells were evaluated by flow cytometric analysis. The activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were evaluated by gelatin zymography. Statistical differences among the groups were tested by one-way ANOVA or KruskalWallis test. Results The expression of CD147, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were upgraded by the PMA. The expression of CD147 on THP-1 cells was inhibited significantly by A771726 in a dose-dependent pattern (P＜0.01). The mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD147 in positive control group was 109.5±3.8, the MFI in A771726 (5, 15, 45 μg/ml) group were 73.3±2.5, 64.5±2.3, 40.9±2.7, respectively. The expression of MMP-2, MMP-9 mRNA and the activity of MMP-2, MMP-9 in the supernatant was inhibited significantly by A771726 (P＜0.01). The expression of CD147 mRNA was not inhibited significantly by A771726 (P＞0.05).Conclusion Leflunomide active metabolite (A771726) can inhibit the expression of PMA-induced CD147,MMP-2 and MMP-9 on THP-1 Cells.

Influence of indapamide on pharmacokinetics of telmisartan in male and female rats / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

AIM To study the influence of indapamide(Ind) on pharmacokinetics of telmisartan(Tel) and observe the difference between male and female rats. METHODS Wistar rats were divided into Tel and Tel+Ind groups, each group containing 8 female and 8 male rats, and were ig administered a single dose of either Tel 3.6 mg·kg-1 or Tel 3.6 mg·kg-1+Ind 0.135 mg·kg-1, respectively. Blood samples were collected at intervals over 96 h after administration. The Tel concentrations in plasma were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector. The Tel concentration-time curves were simulated by 3p97 software and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. RESULTS Whatever in female or male rats, there were no significant differences in the main pharmacokinetic parameters of Tel between Tel and Tel+Ind groups. However, females had higher values for area under the concentration-time curve and maximum plasma concentration than males, but lower values for total clearance in both Tel and Tel+Ind groups. CONCLUSION Ind has no significant influences on the pharmacokinetics of Tel. However, pharmacokinetics of Tel is significant different between male and female rats.

Clinical application of ampoule tray specially used for crash truck and effect evaluation / 中国实用护理杂志

rade the unsafe factors, elevate the rescue drug ad-ministration level, improve nursing personnels' working efficiency and quality.

Quality Standard Study on Jieyinling Lotion / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE: To establish a quality standard for Jieyinling lotion. METHODS: Cortex Phellodendri and Epimedium Herb were identified by TLC, and the content of Icariin was determined by HPLC. RESULTS: The TLC spots were fairly clear and a good reproducibility was obtained. The linear range of Icariin was 2.0 ～10.0?g(r=0.999 6),with average recovery at 100.1%,RSD =1.92%. CONCLUSION: The established method is reliable and accurate, and suitable for the quality control of Jieyinling lotion.

Improvement of HPLC-Fluorometric Method in the Determination of Telmisartan in Human Plasma / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To improve the HPLC-fluorometric method in the determination of telmisartan in human plasma.METHODS:Using naproxen as internal standard,the plasma was extracted with ethyl acetate.The separation was performed on Symmetry C8 with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile -0.01mol?L-1 potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer solution(47∶53) at a flow rate of 1.0ml?min-1.The ?Ex was set at 305nm and the ?Em was set at 365nm,and the sample size was 20?L.RESULTS:The linear range of telmisartan was 2.5～200ng?mL-1(r=0.999 8),with the lowest detectable limit at 1ng?mL-1.The average recovery of extraction was (89.91?10.07)%.Both the intra-day RSD and inter-day RSD were less than 10%.The sample showed a good stability within 24 hours after three freeze-thaw cycles and extractions.CONCLUSI-ON:The method is simple,sensitive,accurate and reproducible,and suitable for the determination and pharmacokinetic study of telmisartan in human plasma.