RESUMEN
Background: Several maternal diseases, such as diabetes mellitus or high blood pressure, are associated with a higher risk for fetal or neonatal problems. Aim: To study the association between chronic diseases of the mother and congenital malformations. Material and methods: Review of the records of the Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECLAMC) at the University of Chile Clinical Hospital. A sample of 383 mothers with a chronic disease was compared with 297 healthy mothers. The presence of congenital malformations in the newborns was studied. The odds ratio (OR) of a mother to have a child with a congenital malformation was calculated. Results: Mothers with bronchial asthma, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hypothyroidism had an OR over 1 of having a child with a congenital malformation. No association between maternal obesity and offspring malformations was observed. Offspring of diabetic mothers had 8.95 times more probabilities of having a major malformation and 4.95 times more probabilities of having a minor defect. Conclusions: Offspring of mothers with diabetes mellitus, bronchial asthma, hypertension or hypothyroidism have a higher risk of presenting a congenital malformation, when compared with offspring of healthy mothers
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Embarazo , Recién Nacido , Anomalías Congénitas , Embarazo de Alto Riesgo , Intercambio Materno-Fetal , Asma , Diabetes Mellitus , Hipotiroidismo , Hipertensión/complicacionesRESUMEN
El embarazo es un período durante el cual se produce una serie de sucesos fisiológicos de la piel, mucosa y anexos. Los cambios endocrinos, metabólicos e immunológicos que ocurren durante el embarazo determinan las modificaciones cutáneas, tanto pigmentarias, vasculares y glandulares, así como los cambios a nivel de cabello, uñas y tejido conectivo. Muchas de ellas, asociadas a prurito, síntoma dermatológico de gran frecuencia durante este período. Se debe hacer el diagnóstico diferencial con dermatosis pruriginosas específicas del embarazo y colestasia intrahepática del embarazo.