Outcomes of severe sepsis and septic shock patients after stratification by initial lactate value / 世界急诊医学杂志（英文）

BACKGROUND: In the setting of severe sepsis and septic shock, mortality increases when lactate levels are ≥ 4 mmol/L. However, the consequences of lower lactate levels in this population are not wel understood. The study aimed to determine the in-hospital mortality associated with severe sepsis and septic shock when initial lactate levels are < 4 mmol/L. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study of septic patients admitted over a 40-month period. Totally 338 patients were divided into three groups based on initial lactate values. Group 1 had lactate levels < 2 mmol/L; group 2: 2–4 mmol/L; and group 3: ≥ 4 mmol/L. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. RESULTS: There were 111 patients in group 1, 96 patients in group 2, and 131 in group 3. The mortality rates were 21.6％, 35.4％, and 51.9％ respectively. Univariate analysis revealed the mortality differences to be statistically significant. Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated higher odds of death with higher lactate tier group, however the findings did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSION: This study found that only assignment to group 3, initial lactic acid level of ≥ 4 mmol/L, was independently associated with increased mortality after correcting for underlying severity of illness and organ dysfunction. However, rising lactate levels in the other two groups were associated with increased severity of illness and were inversely proportional to prognosis.

Identification of the appropriate tissue from formalin fixed perinatal autopsy material for chromosomal ploidy detection by interphase FISH.

We have evaluated the suitability of different formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues i.e., brain, bone, liver and placenta, for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) efficiency and chromosomal ploidy detection employing directly labelled repetitive sequence probes for chromosome X, Y and 1. The study was carried out on four foetal autopsy specimens. Cells from 50 mu thick tissue sections were dissociated before performing mono and multicolour FISH with directly labelled probes. Hybridization efficiency was maximum with brain tissue (81, 55 and 24% for mono, dual and triple colour FISH, respectively), followed by bone (45 and 34% for mono and dual colour FISH), liver (38, 19 and 0% for mono, dual and triple colour FISH) and placenta (14, 5 and 0% for mono, dual and triple colour FISH). These results indicated that brain is the most efficient material followed by bone, liver placenta for chromosome ploidy detection by FISH in formalin fixed tissues.

Production of microbial alkaline cellulase and studies of their characteristics

Com o objetivo de obter celulases que melhorassem a eficiência de produtos detergentes, isolou-se, a partir de solos e compostagens, dois microorganismos, Bacillus sp B38-2 e Streptomyces sp S36-2, através de incubaçäo de amostras em meio de cultura enriquecido, contendo CMC e Na2CO3 com pH9.6. Verificou-se que eles secretavam uma carboximetil celulase (CMCase) alcalina constitutiva, extracelular, em quantidade. A atividade enzimática máxima foi observada entre 48h e 72h a 30oC para o Streptomyces e entre os pH 6.0 e 7.0 a 55oC para o Streptomyces e entre os pH 7.0 e 8.0 a 60oC para o Bacillus. As duas atividades CMCases brutas permaneceram termoestáveis a 45oC durante 1 h e ambas as atividades enzimáticas brutas, tanto do Bacillus como do Streptomyces, ficaram estáveis na faixa de pH 5.0 - 9.0. após tratamentos em várias soluçöes-tampäo de diferentes valores de pH a 30oC durante 24 h

Single-day treatment of trichomonas vaginitis with low dose of ornidazole.

A total of 107 cases of trichomonas vaginitis were treated with different regimens of ornidazole. The overall success rate of the treatment assessed by wet smear and clinical signs after three days in 68 cases was 98.5%. The side effects were mild and of short duration. These were noted in 14.7% of the assessable cases. No significant differences were seen in the success rate between the three drug regimens and the preliminary conclusions of the trial are that ornidazole is safe and effective in the treatment of trichomonas vaginitis in Korean women with an oral dose of 1.0 gm, 1.0 gm plus 0.5 gm intravaginally or 2.0 gm given in a single day.