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Objective:To improve clinicians' understanding of congenital nephrogenital diabetes insipidus (CNDI) and to reduce missed and misdiagnosis. Methords Based on the literature, the clinical data and gene mutation of 2 patients with CNDI who were admitted to the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology on July 30, 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Results:(1) The presentee, 4 years old, had irritable thirst, polydipsia and polyuria for more than 3 years. The sister, 2.5 years old, had irritable thirst, polydipsia and polyuria for more than 2 years. The clinical diagnosis was “CNDI”, and the symptoms improved after treatment with hydrochlorothiazide. (2) The genetic test revealed that the congenital nephrogenic uremia and her sister had a heterozygous mutation of c.170A>C (p.Q57P) and c.211G>A (p.Vl71M) in the aquaporin-2 gene, and the mother carried the AQP2 gene. c.170A>C(p.Q57P) mutation.Conclusion:CNDI is a rare disease. Early diagnosis and treatment can improve the prognosis of patients to the greatest extent, and prenatal diagnosis can guide eugenics.
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AIM: To explore the role of clinical pharmacist in the treatment of patients with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt. METHODS: Clinical pharmacist participated in the treatment of a patient with repeated oral bleeding after transjugular intrahepatic portal shunt followed treatment with multiple antithrombotic drugs, which assisted the physician to diagnose and adjust the antithrombotic treatment plan as well as provided the patient with whole-process pharmaceutical care and online management. RESULTS: Based on the inquiry about the patient's past and current medical history and medication consumption, the pharmacist considered that there was weak correlation between oral hemorrhage and antithrombotic drugs and advised for dentist inspection. Thereafter, the patient was diagnosed with chronic gingivitis. The dosage of warfarin was adjusted, and the pharmacists managed it online after discharge to achieve stable INR of the patient. In the later online follow-up, an abnormal increase of INR was encountered, By asking about the history of medication, it was considered that the increase in INR was related to taking amoxicillin capsules. Therefore, the pharmacist suggested to stop amoxicillin capsule and to gradually adjust the dose of warfarin to the original level to improve the treatment. CONCLUSION: The involvement of clinical pharmacists in clinical treatment facilitates comprehensive pharmaceutical care of patients, which plays a positive role in the efficacy and safety of medication therapy.
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Objective:To investigate the awareness of diabetic retinopathy (DR) prevention and treatment knowledge of diabetic patients in the community of Shenzhen, and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:A cluster random sampling method was used to select 904 patients with diabetes diagnosed in 6 community health service centers in 2 administrative districts of Shenzhen and included in this study. Questionnaire survey of patients were performed to understand their knowledge of DR prevention and treatment. The multi-factor logistic regression analysis method was used to analyze the related influencing factors of DR prevention knowledge awareness.Results:Among 904 patients, 144 patients (15.93%, 144/904) knew about DR prevention and treatment knowledge. The highest awareness rate were about "Diabetes can affect vision and even cause blindness" (88.60%, 801/904). The lowest awareness rate (6.20%, 56/904) were about "DR treatment methods". About "diabetes requires regular fundus examinations" and "diabetics", the awareness rate of fundus examination interval were less than 50.00%. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender [odds ratio ( OR)=1.595], education level ( OR=2.963, 3.937), monthly income level ( OR=3.871, 4.675), diabetes course ≥15 years ( OR=1.829), treatment measures ( OR=3.318, 4.512). Whether people had DR ( OR=1.605) were important factors that affected the awareness of DR prevention and treatment knowledge ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The overall awareness of DR prevention and treatment knowledge among diabetic patients in the community of Shenzhen is relatively low. Males, low education and income levels are the main influencing factors.
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Objective@#To investigate the expression of miRNA-1 (miR-1) in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues and its effect on proliferation and invasion of CRC cells in vitro as well as its mechanism.@*Methods@#A total of 180 CRC tissues from the hospitalized patients who underwent excision surgery and 114 adjacent cancer tissues in the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shanxi Medical University between June 2015 and December 2015 were collected. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-1 in 58 cases of CRC tissues and adjacent cancer tissues. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) protein in 122 CRC tissues and effect of overexpression or knockdown of miR-1 on the proliferation, colony formation and invasiveness of DLD1 cells, respectively. Western blot was used to determine the effect of overexpression or knockdown of miR-1 on the expression of SDF-1 in DLD1 cells.@*Results@#RT-qPCR results showed that the expression of miR-1 in CRC tissues was decreased compared with the corresponding adjacent cancer tissues (the relative expression level ratio < 0.5), and the low expression rate of miR-1 in CRC was 82.8% (48/58). Immunohistochemistry results showed that the positive expression rate of SDF-1 in CRC tissues was higher than that in adjacent cancer tissues [81.1% (99/122) vs. 8.9% (5/56), χ2 = 82.415, P < 0.01]. Cell function experiment showed that, compared with the control group, the proliferative activity of DLD1 cells that transfected miR-1 mimics was decreased, meanwhile, the colony formation, invasion and SDF-1 expression were reduced (P < 0.05). The proliferative activity, colony formation, invasion and SDF-1 expression in DLD1 cells that transfected miR-1 inhibitor were improved compared with those in the control group (P < 0.05).@*Conclusions@#The expression of miR-1 in CRC tissues is low and it may act as a tumor suppressor gene through affecting proliferation and invasive potential of CRC cells by regulating the expression of SDF-1.
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Objective@#To compare the efficiency of saline irrigation, antibiotics irrigation and high-concentration antibiotics perfusion with tube drainage in the treatment of infectious effusion.@*Methods@#Clinical and sonographic features of abdominal and pelvic infectious effusion of 64 patients with malignant tumor collected from September 2013 to September 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The changes of effusion size and temperature, catheterization time were evaluated in saline irrigation group and antibiotics irrigation group. The catheterization time was compared between antibiotics irrigation group and high-concentration antibiotics perfusion group.@*Results@#The effective rates of the saline irrigation group and the antibiotics irrigation group were 68.6% and 86.8%, respectively, and the times of catheterization were 11.9±8.4 days and 7.8±4.8 days, respectively, with significantly statistical difference (both P<0.05). However, the effective rates of the antibiotics irrigation group and the high concentration antibiotic perfusion group were 86.8% and 100.0%, respectively (P=0.067), while the times of catheterization were 7.8±4.8 days and 3.6±3.1 days, respectively (P<0.001).@*Conclusion@#The antibiotic irrigation with tube drainage, especially the high concentration perfusion is more effective than saline in the treatment of abdominal and pelvic infection effusion.
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Objective To investigate the expression of miRNA-1 (miR-1) in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues and its effect on proliferation and invasion of CRC cells in vitro as well as its mechanism. Methods A total of 180 CRC tissues from the hospitalized patients who underwent excision surgery and 114 adjacent cancer tissues in the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shanxi Medical University between June 2015 and December 2015 were collected. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-1 in 58 cases of CRC tissues and adjacent cancer tissues. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) protein in 122 CRC tissues and effect of overexpression or knockdown of miR-1 on the proliferation, colony formation and invasiveness of DLD1 cells, respectively. Western blot was used to determine the effect of overexpression or knockdown of miR-1 on the expression of SDF-1 in DLD1 cells. Results RT-qPCR results showed that the expression of miR-1 in CRC tissues was decreased compared with the corresponding adjacent cancer tissues (the relative expression level ratio < 0.5), and the low expression rate of miR-1 in CRC was 82.8％ (48/58). Immunohistochemistry results showed that the positive expression rate of SDF-1 in CRC tissues was higher than that in adjacent cancer tissues [81.1％ (99/122) vs. 8.9％ (5/56), χ2= 82.415, P< 0.01]. Cell function experiment showed that, compared with the control group, the proliferative activity of DLD1 cells that transfected miR-1 mimics was decreased, meanwhile, the colony formation, invasion and SDF-1 expression were reduced (P< 0.05). The proliferative activity, colony formation, invasion and SDF-1 expression in DLD1 cells that transfected miR-1 inhibitor were improved compared with those in the control group (P< 0.05). Conclusions The expression of miR-1 in CRC tissues is low and it may act as a tumor suppressor gene through affecting proliferation and invasive potential of CRC cells by regulating the expression of SDF-1.
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Hydroxy amino acids, constituents of chiral pharmaceutical intermediates or precursors, have a variety of unique functions in the research fields of biotechnology and molecular biology, i.e. antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral and anticancer properties. Biosynthesis of hydroxy amino acids is preferred because of its high specificity and selectivity. The hydroxylation of hydrophobic amino acids is catalyzed by hydroxylase, which belongs to the mononuclear non-heme Fe(Ⅱ)/α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases (Fe/αKGDs). Fe/αKGDs utilize an (Fe(Ⅳ)=O) intermediate to activate diverse oxidative transformations with key biological roles in the process of catalytic reaction. Here, we review the physiological properties and synthesis of hydroxy amino acids, especially for the 4-HIL and hydroxyproline. The catalytic mechanism of Fe/αKGDs is elucidated, and the applications of hydroxy amino acids in industrial engineering are also discussed.
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Objective To investigate the effects of nonlinear frequency compression (NLFC) on sound quality perception by the Mandarin-speaking subjects with high-frequency hearing loss.Methods Twenty-three listeners with sensorineural hearing loss with no previous experiences of using hearing aids participated in this study.They were all fitted binaurally with Phonak Bolero Q hearing aids.The stimuli,including male voice,female voice,bird chirping,music,and self-voice,were presented in a random order with a custom software via a loudspeaker at 65 dB SPL.Regarding NLFC parameters,cut-off frequency (CF) ranged from 4.9 to 6 kHz and compression ratio (CR) was programed as 1.5.Subjects evaluated the sound quality of the stimulus in loudness,clearness,naturalness and overall preference under the conditions of NLFC-on and NLFC-off.A paired-sample t-test was conducted to assess the group differences in sound quality rating between NLFC on and off conditions.Results Paired test showed significant difference of high-frequency hearing threshold under the condition of NLFC-on and NLFC-off at 6 and 8 kHz(P＞0.05).No significant statistical difference was found in subjects' sound quality ratings between NLFC-on and NLFC-off conditions (all P＞0.05).Conclusion NLFC technology resulted in no significant impact on sound quality perception for the non-experienced hearing aid users.
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Objective The aim of this study is to study the musical ability,auditory ability and speech intelli-gibility and their relationship in children with artificial hearing devices,and to provide clinical evidence for the hear-ing and speech rehabilitation for children with hearing loss.Methods A total of 27 children (14 boys and 13 girls) with prelingual sensorineural hearing loss from Zibo participated in this study.Their hearing levels were from mod-erate to profound.Their chronological ages at evaluation ranged from 9 to 95 months with a mean of 42 months. Their chronological ages at intervention ranged from 1 to 72 months with a mean of 26 months.Their hearing ages at evaluation ranged from 1 to 60 months with a mean of 16 months.They all wore bilateral aids.Musical Ears, CAP and SIR were used to evaluate their musical ability,auditory ability and speech intelligibility,respectively.A linear and regression analysis was done in the statistic procedure.Results The means and standard deviations of the scores of musical ability,auditory ability,and speech intelligibility were 27.1±16.7,4.4±1.9,2.8±1.4,respec-tively.The scores of musical ability and auditory ability were significantly correlated (r= 0.856,P<0.001).The scores of musical ability and speech intelligibility were also significantly related (r= 0.827,P<0.001).Conclusion The musical ability is closely related to auditory ability in children with bilateral aided hearing.The musical ability is also closely related to speech ability for this group of children.
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Objective To investigate the value of shear wave elastography (SWE)on characterizing components and identifying the vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques in vivo on a rabbit model.Methods The accuracy,as well as the inter-and intra-observer variance of quantifying the Young's modulus by SWE technique was first evaluated with the CIRS? phantoms as the golden standard.Animal model was developed by abdominal aorta endothelium denudation and high-cholesterol diet for 24 weeks on 20 purebred New Zealand rabbits.SWE images of atherosclerotic plaques found in the abdominal aortas were acquired in situ to acquire the Young's modulus.Then the plaques were harvested and matched with the distance between the right renal artery and the plaques recorded during SWE imaging.Histological slices were stained for fat,collagen,smooth muscle cells (SMC)and macrophages by Oil O red,picric Sirius red and anti-α-SMC,anti-RAM-1 1 immunohistology.Vulnerability index was also calculated as the percentage of (macrophage+fat)/(smooth muscle cell+collagen ).The correlation between the Young's modulus and plaque components and vulnerability index was analyzed.The value of SWE on differentiating plaque types was evaluated by ROC analysis.Results High agreement was found between the estimated Young's modulus by SWE and the gold standard.The coefficient of variant of inter-and intra-observer was very low at the range of 1.0%-3.8%.Ten fatty and twenty fibro-fatty plaques were obtained,totally.The maximal and mean Young's moduli of the fatty plaque were (49.90±22.95)kPa and (40.15±22.60)kPa,which were lower than those of the fibro-fatty plaques [(88.49±37.27)kPa and (72.93±29.21)kPa,respectively].The maximal Young's modulus obtained by SWE correlated positively with collagen and SMC (r =0.567 and 0.561,respectively with P <0.001),and negatively with fat and macrophage infiltration (r =-0.542 and-00.482,respectively with P <0.005).The mean Young's modulus also correlated positively with collagen and SMC (r=0.532 and 0.550,respectively with P <0.05),and negatively with fat and macrophage (r=-0.527 and -0.421,respectively with P <0.05).The same inclination could be observed between the minimal Young's modulus and the above components without statistical significance.Both the maximal and the mean Young's modulus correlated negatively with the vulnerable index (r =-0.620 and -0.619, respectively with P <0.001 ).ROC analysis revealed high sensitivity (85%)and specificity (80%)for differentiating fatty plaques from fibro-fatty plaques by Young's modulus.Conclusions SWE can be used for estimation of the Young's modulus of atherosclerotic plaques with high accuracy and reproducibility. Good correlation is evidenced between the Young's modulus and plaque components and vulnerability.Fatty and fibro-fatty plaques can be differentiated by Young's modulus with high sensitivity and specificity.Thus, SWE technique is promising for identifying vulnerable plaques.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect the expressions of CXCR4 and Nrf2 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues and analyze their association with the clinicopathological features of NSCLC.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We investigated the expressions of CXCR4 and Nrf2 in 66 NSCLC and corresponding distant normal tissue specimens using immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expressions of CXCR4 protein and mRNA were significantly higher in NSCLC tissue specimens than in the distant normal tissues, while the expression of Nrf2 protein and mRNA increased significantly in NSCLC tissues compared to those in the distant normal tissues (P<0.01). A high expression level of CXCR4 was positively correlated with a large tumor size (P=0.048), poor differentiation (P=0.024), advanced TNM stage (P=0.018), lymph node metastasis (P=0.004), and distant metastasis (P=0.016). The expression of Nrf2 protein was positively correlated with a large tumor size (P=0.008), advanced TNM stage (P=0.028), lymph node metastasis (P=0.038), and distant metastasis (P=0.023). A strong correlation was found between CXCR4 and Nrf2 expressions in NSCLC tissues (r=0.324, P<0.01), and the co-expression of CXCR4 and Nrf2 was strongly correlated with lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Abnormal expressions of CXCR4 and Nrf2 may contribute to the progression and malignant biological behavior of NSCLC.</p>
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Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas , Metabolismo , Patología , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Metabolismo , Patología , Metástasis Linfática , Factor 2 Relacionado con NF-E2 , Metabolismo , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Receptores CXCR4 , Metabolismo , Transducción de SeñalRESUMEN
Objective The aim of this study is to summarize preverbal communication skills in children with cochlear implants,and to provide a clinical baseline of assessment in early stage after cochlear implantation.Methods 23 prelingually deaf children with homebred cochlear implants participated in this study.The age at cochlear im-plantation ranged from 12 to 66 months with a mean of 35 months.The evaluation was performed at switch-on ses-sion and 1,3,6,9 and 12 months after the first programming session.Tait video analysis was used to assess the preverbal communication skills including turn-taking,autonomy,eye contact and auditory awareness.CAP and SIR were used to evaluate the auditory and speech abilities.ResuIts The skills of turn-taking and auditory aware-ness increased significantly,especially in the first six months after switch-on session (P0. 05).There was a correlation between the score of CAP/SIR and turn-taking or auditory awareness.ConcIusion Children with cochlear implants established vocal-auditory mode of early communicative behavior over time.Pre-verbal communication skills CAP and SIR have relativity and can comprehensively evaluate the auditory,speech and communication skills of children with cochlear implants.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe autophagy induced by starvation in non-small cell lung cancer A459 and 95D cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A549 and 95D cells in logarithmic growth in 1640 medium were cultured in Earle's balanced salt solution (EBSS) for 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 h. Autophagosome formation in the cell culture was observed by MDC fluorescent staining, and the expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) and Beclin1 in the cells were detected using Western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control cells, the cells with prolonged starvation showed increased MDC-positive cells and autophagosome formation. The expression of Beclin-1 and the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio also increased as the starvation prolonged, reaching the peak levels at 3 h and 4 h, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Autophagy can be induced by starvation in A549 and 95D cells in correlation with the expression of autophagy-related proteins LC3 and Beclin-1. These cell models of nutritional deficiency-induced autophagy may allow for a better understanding of the role of autophagy in the development of non-small cell lung cancer.</p>