RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the risk factors for antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) in Chinese adult patients systematically,and to provide evidence-based reference in clinic. METHODS:Retrieved from CNKI,VIP,CBM,Wanfang database,PubMed and Embase,etc.,disease control studies about AAD risk factors of Chinese adult patients were collected.The retrieval time limit ranged from Jan. 2000 to Jan. 2018. Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.2 software after data extraction and quality evaluation of included literatures with NOS scale. RESULTS:A total of 14 literatures were included, involving 20 914 patients. The result of Meta-analysis showed that age ≥65 years [OR＝2.36,95%CI(1.99,2.79),P＜0.001], fasting [OR＝4.65,95%CI(3.79,5.69),P＜0.001],use of acid suppressant [OR＝5.82,95%CI(3.77,8.98),P＜0.001],serum albumin ≤30 g/L [OR＝2.40,95%CI(2.00,2.88),P＜0.001],invasive operation [OR＝3.95,95%CI(3.03,5.15),P＜0.001], stay in ICU [OR＝2.93,95%CI(2.38,3.60),P＜0.001],hospitalization time ≥10 d [OR＝4.08,95%CI(3.31,5.03),P＜0.001], antibiotic species ≥3 kinds [OR＝1.98,95%CI(1.56,2.51),P＜0.001] and duration of antibiotics use ≥10 d [OR＝6.16,95%CI (3.22,11.76),P＜0.001] were significantly correlated with the occurrence of AAD. CONCLUSIONS:Age ≥65 years,fasting, use of acid suppressant,serum albumin ≤30 g/L,invasive operation,stay in ICU,time of hospitalization ≥10 d,antibiotic species≥3 kinds and duration of antibiotics use≥10 d are risk factors for AAD in Chinese adult patients.
RESUMEN
Glutamate serves as a major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system and is stored in synaptic deft by an uptake system that is dependent on the high-affinity glutamate transporters (ETTAs),which locate in the plasma membrane of glial cells and neurons.ETTAs can rapidly terminate the action of glutamate and maintain its normal physiological functions.If the content or function of glutamate transporters is abnormal,it can result in many physiological dysfunctions.Studies have demonstrated that high-affinity glutamate transporters play an important role in the development of chronic pain,which might be a new therapeutic target for the pain.