Effect of Danggui Buxue Tang on immunological reconstitution of mice following bone marrow transplantation / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To study the effect of Danggui Buxue Tang (DBT) on immunological reconstitution of bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in mice. Methods BALB/c mice were irradiated by 137Cs γ once 8.5 Gy, then the mice were engrafted with bone marrow cells (107 cells/mouse) within 4 hours lethal irradiation. And the mice were fed by DBT every day for 15 days. Flow cytometry technique combined with immunological methods were performed to evaluate immunological reconstitution of BMT mice in 30 and 60 days pest-transplantation. Peripheral blood RBC and WBC were counted, and nucleated cells were assayed in recipient bone marrow. Lymphocyte numbers in thymus and periphery were counted and subpopulations of the two origins were observed respectively. Lymphocyte proliferation induced by Con A and LPS, plaque-forming cell (PFC), delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) were also examined in 30,60 days in post-transplantation respectively. Results Compared with BMT mice, BMT mice treated with a certain dose of DBT could increase the number of peripheral blood RBC and WBC in the recipients, and also could increase that of nucleated cells significantly. BMT mice treated with DBT could increase lymphocyte numbers in thymus and periphery, and improve thymocyte subpopulations, resulting in enhancement in immune function. Conclusion DBT can enhance the immunological reconstitution of BMT mice.

Intravesical instillation in pure line LEW rats and nude mice / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

In order to study bladder intravesical instillation methods in pure line LEW rats and nude mice, female LEW rats and nude mice aged 2 to 4 weeks were sacrificed. Their urethra and bladder were observed under anatomical microscopy. A trochar was prepared according to the outline and angle of the urethra. Ink was poured into female rats and nude mice bladder though urethra. Filling and staining of bladder were observed and evaluated under anatomical microscopy. Status and urethral injury of rats and mice were observed. The results showed that urethra anatomic structure of rats and nude mice was different from that of human urethra. When bladder was filled with ink and became blue, liquid was not seen to leak out. The success rate of intubation was high (100%). Living activities of animals weren't influenced by intravesical instillation. It was concluded that bladder irrigation might be a kind of valid and utilizable method in pure line rat and nude mouse empirical study. The model may be a more effective tool for study of bladder tumor.

Intravesical Instillation in Pure Line LEW Rats and Nude Mice / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

In order to study bladder intravesical instillation methods in pure line LEW rats and nude mice, female LEW rats and nude mice aged 2 to 4 weeks were sacrificed. Their urethra and bladder were observed under anatomical microscopy. A trochar was prepared according to the outline and angle of the urethra. Ink was poured into female rats and nude mice bladder though urethra. Filling and staining of bladder were observed and evaluated under anatomical microscopy. Status and urethral injury of rats and mice were observed. The results showed that urethra anatomic structure of rats and nude mice was different from that of human urethra. When bladder was filled with ink and became blue, liquid was not seen to leak out. The success rate of intubation was high (100%). Living activities of animals weren't influenced by intravesical instillation. It was concluded that bladder irrigation might be a kind of valid and utilizable method in pure line rat and nude mouse empirical study. The model may be a more effective tool for study of bladder tumor.

Preparation of arsenic trioxide albumin microspheres and its release characteristics in vitro / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Arsenic trioxide albumin microspheres (As2O3-BSA-NS) were prepared by using methods of chemical cross-linking. The desirability function (DF), calculated according to the size (0.05). The release experiment in vitro showed that As2O3 in As2O3-BSA-NS was released more slower than pure As2O3. It was concluded that regular As2O3-BSA-NS may be prepared by the methods of chemical cross-linking, which was optimized by orthogonal experimental analysis of different factors, and the microspheres can release As2O3 slowly.

Preparation of Arsenic Trioxide Albumin Microspheres and its Release Characteristics in Vitro / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Summary: Arsenic trioxide albumin microspheres (As2O3-BSA-NS) were prepared by using methods of chemical cross-linking. The desirability function (DF), calculated according to the size (<1 μm) distribution, drug loading and drug trapping efficiency, was introduced as a total index for the microspheres formulation. Four factors, inculding W/O ratio, decentralization speed, BSA concentration and stirring stabilization time, were selected and arranged in an orthogonal experimental table. The release characteristic was studied by the drug release experiment in vitro. The four factors affected DF differently. Decentralization speed behaved as the maximum (P<0.01), followed by BSA concentration (P<0.05) and the W/O ratio dose (P<0.05). Stirring stabilization time did not influence DF (P>0.05). The release experiment in vitro showed that As2O3 in As2O3-BSA-NS was released more slower than pure As2O3. It was concluded that regular As2O3-BSA-NS may be prepared by the methods of chemical cross-linking, which was optimized by orthogonal experimental analysis of different factors, and the microspheres can release As2O3 slowly.

Induction of skin allograft tolerance in mice by using anti-?? T cell receptor and anti-CD80 monoclonal antibodies combined with bone marrow transfusion / 北京大学学报(医学版)

Objective: To explore the role of anti-?? T cell receptor(TCR) and anti-CD80 monoclonal antibodies(mAbs) combined with donor bone marrow cells(BMCs) infusion in the induction of murine skin allografts tolerance.Methods: On day 0,2?10~8 BMCs of BALB/c mice were injected into recipient C57BL/6 mice via the tail vein,meanwhile,an intraperitoneal injection of TCR?? mAb(500 ?g) was given.On day 2,CD80 mAb was administered intraperitoneally.Skin grafting was performed on day 6.Delayed type hypersensitivity(DTH),mixed lymphocyte reaction(MLR),IL-2 reverse assay of MLR,adoptive transfer assay and chimerism detection were performed at different time points and tolerance mechanisms were investigated.Results: The mean survival time(MST) of BALB/c skin allografts in C57BL/6 recipients that were treated by anti-TCR?? and anti-CD80 mAbs combined with donor BMCs infusion was 70 days.DTH and MLR assay indicated that the tolerant mice displayed significant hyporesponsiveness.The result of IL-2 reverse test showed that clone anergy was probably involved in the formation of tolerance in the tolerant C57BL/6 mice.In vivo and in vitro adoptive transfer assay,suppressive activity in the spleens of tolerant C57BL/6 mice was observed.Chimerism existed in both the thymus and spleen of the tolerant C57BL/6 mice.The chimerism level gradually declined with time.Conclusion: Treatment of anti-TCR?? and anti-CD80 mAbs combined with donor BMCs infusion can successfully induce a long-term tolerance in BALB/c mice to C57BL/6 skin graft.Multiple mechanisms,including clone anergy,suppressor cells and chimerism are involved in the tolerance.

Promotion of post BMT hematopoiesis reconstitution by cotransplantation of IL-3 transfected marrow stromal cells in mice / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore whether bone marrow stromal cell line QXMSC1 (H-2(d)) engineered to secrete IL-3 (QXMSC1 IL-3) can improve the hematopoiesis post-allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The stromal cell line QXMSC1 IL-3 was established by transfecting QXMSC1 (H-2(d)) cell with a recombined retrovirus vector PL3SN containing mice IL-3 gene cDNA. Lethally irradiated mice C57BL/6 (H-2(b)) were transplanted with T cell depleted allogeneic bone marrow (BALB/c, H-2(d), 1 x 10(7)/mice) and QXMSC1 IL-3 cells (5 x 10(5)/mice). The numbers of RBC and WBC in peripheral blood were counted 20 and 40 days after bone marrow transplantation. The marrow nucleated cells, CFU-S, CFU-GM, CFU-E and CFU-GEMM yields were measured in recipient mice.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>QXMSC1 IL-3 cells could stably secrete IL-3 and increase the peripheral RBC and WBC counts as well as the number of marrow nucleated cells and CFU-GM, CFU-E, CFU-GEMM yields.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Cotransplantation of QXMSC1 IL-3 cells with T cell depleted marrow grafts improve hematopoiesis post allogeneic BMT in mice.</p>

Prevention of kidney allograft rejection in rat by immune tolerance induction / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To investigate a clinically perspective way of inducing transplantation tolerance. Methods Kidney transplantation model was established using Lewis (RT1 l) rats as recipients and DA (RT1 a) rats as donor. Before transplantation the recipient rats were conditioned with anti lymphothyte serum (ALS) injected for three times, followed by 10 8 donor bone marrow cells transfusion (BMT) and injection of 100 mg/kg cyclophosphamide (CP), survival time of kidney allografts, mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) and delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) of recipient to donor spleen cells were observed and studied. Results 5 of the 7 kidney allografts survived 73 to 90 days without sign of rejection. The donor specific MLR and DTH were suppressed. Conclusions Induction of transplantation tolerance is a prospective way for the prevention of allograft rejection.

THE STUDY ON THE MECHANISMS OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE EFFECT OF TRIPTERYGIUM WILFORDII HOOK ( TWH ) / 中国药理学通报

The mechanisms of immunosuppression of TWH were studied. The results indicated that TWH was able to reduce the antibody forming cells of splenocytes in mice and to suppress directly the proliferation of B cells to lipopolysaceharide ( LPS ) and to decrease the production of IL-2. Furthermore, TWH was able to produce immu-nosuppressive effect by activiting Ts cells.

In vivo administration of recombinant IL—6 accelerates the immunological reconstitution of mice following bone marrow transplantation / 中国免疫学杂志

In this study the effect of rIL—6 on the immunological reconstitution of mice following bone marrow transplantation(BMT)was evaluated.The lethally irradiated(950Rad)BALB/c mice engrafted with BMT were injected ip with rIL—6(1000 ug/kg)on day 2.At day 30 after BMT the proliferative responses to ConA and LPS,the mixde lymphocyte reaction(MLR)and the activity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes(CTL)to the allogeneic splenic cells(C57BL/6),and the numbers of plaque forming cells(PFC)to SRBC were significantly enhanced in the rIL—6 treated recipient mice,as compared to that in the control BMT mice.In the BMT mice following 10 day rIL—6 treatment,the above immune functions on day30 after BMT were recovered to the immunological condition of the control BMT mice on day 60,suggesting that the rIL—6 is able to accelerate the process of immunological reconstitution of BMT mice.

Construction and cytotoxicity of two-killing-agent immunotoxin containing Ricin and Adriamycin / 中国免疫学杂志

The synergistic effect of combinations of killing agents on tumor cells has long been recognized. Fodstad et al, reported that the combinations of Ricin and Adriamycin have a strong, syn ergistic effect on the L1210 leukemia cells. In this report, a novel immunotoxin containing Ricin and Adriamycin, BDI-l-Ricin-Adriamycin, was described.Ricin and Adriamycin were chemically coupled onto one monoclonal antibody molecule against human bladder cancer, BDI-1, to construct the two-killing-agent containing immunotoxin. The results of indirect immunofluorescence test and competiton bindig assay showed that the retention of 70% of the antibody binding activity in this immunotoxin was obtained. The in vitro cytotoxicity assay indicated that the immunotoxin in the presence of 0.1M galactose is 30,000 times more cytotoxic than BDI-1-Adriamycin conjugate and 10 times more cytotoxic than BDI-1-Ricin immunotoxin in the bladder cancer-specific killing, but has no cytotoxic effect on the LOVO colon carcinoma cells. This two-killing-agent containing immunotoxin may lead to the development of a new kind of immunotoxins which have strong cytotoxic activity to target cells.

Mechanism of the immunodeficiency of the allogeneic bone marrow transplantation mice / 中国免疫学杂志

In this report we studied the mechanism of the immunodeficiency of the recipients grafted with allogeneic bone marrow. The results indicated that the IL-2 production of ABMT mice was seriously impaired. Further investigation revealed that the spleen cells of ABMT mice were able to suppress GVHD in the lethally irradiated BALB/c mice. After removing the T cells, the spleen cells of ABMT mice lost this inhibitory effect. Furthermore, the supernatant of the spleen cell culture of ABMT mice is able to inhibit the mixed lymphocyte reaction, the IL-2 production and the killing activity of the CTL of normal BALB/c mice. After removal of T cells, the supernatant of the spleen cell culture lost its inhibitory effect. These results suggested that the increased activity of T suppressor secreting a non-specific suppressor factor might be an important mechanism of the immunodeficiency of ABMT mice.

Enhanced effect of recombinant IL-2 on the development of thymocytes in thymus and the recovery of immunologic functions of sublethally irradiated mice / 中国免疫学杂志

Sublethally irradiated BALB/c mice undergo thymic regeneration which follows a pheno-typic pattern of events similar to that observed during normal fatal development the regenerationafter irradiation is the result of a limited pool of intrathymic radioresistant stem cells.In this study we showed that 6?10~5u/kg IL-2 can accelerate the proliferation of thymo-cytes,improve the development of thymocytes from CD4~-CD8~-to CD4~+CD8~+ and CD4~+CD8~-/CD4~- CD8~+.At 30th day after irradiation,the proliferative responses of the splenocytes to ConAand LPS,the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) to allogeneic spleen cells (C57BL/6),and thenumbers of plaque forming cells to SRBC were significantly enhanced in IL-2 treated mice,ascompared to that in the irradiated mice without giving IL-2.The above immune functions on day30 after irradiation were recovered to the condition of irradiated control mice on day 45,suggest-ing that the IL-2 is important cytokin in the development of thymocytes in thymus and is able toaccelerate the recovery of immune functions of irradiated mice.